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{"id":1654,"date":"2014-08-04T13:26:43","date_gmt":"2014-08-04T13:26:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/?p=1654"},"modified":"2014-08-04T13:26:43","modified_gmt":"2014-08-04T13:26:43","slug":"nefis-terbiyecisi-olarak-fethullah-gulen-ve-kalbin-zumrut-tepeleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/yazilar\/nefis-terbiyecisi-olarak-fethullah-gulen-ve-kalbin-zumrut-tepeleri\/","title":{"rendered":"Nefis Terbiyecisi Olarak Fethullah G\u00fclen ve Kalbin Z\u00fcmr\u00fct Tepeleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

F<\/span>ethullah G\u00fclen’in nefis terbiyecili\u011fi, en anlaml\u0131 ve kapsaml\u0131 bi\u00e7imde, y\u0131llard\u0131r S\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 Dergisi’nde yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u015fu anda 2 cilt halinde toplan\u0131p yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f bulunan Kalbin Z\u00fcmr\u00fct Tepeleri’nde g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. G\u00fclen, bu yaz\u0131 dizisinde Tasavvuf’u, daha do\u011fru bir ifadeyle, \u0130sl\u00e2m’\u0131n manev\u00ee, ruh\u00ee, yani asl\u00ee cephesini kavramlar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde anlatmaktad\u0131r. Makaleleri takip edenler hemen g\u00f6recektir ki, bu anlat\u0131m veya konuyu i\u015fleyi\u015f tarz\u0131, yine kavramlar \u00fczerinde duran Ebu’l-Kas\u0131m Abd\u00fclkerim el-Ku\u015feyr\u00ee’nin er-Risale’de, Ali ibn Osman el-Hucvir\u00ee’nin, ‘Hakikat Bilgisi’ olarak T\u00fcrk\u00e7e’ye terc\u00fcme edilen Ke\u015ff\u00fc’l-Mahc\u00fbb’da ve \u0130bn Kayyim el-Cevziye’nin Med\u00e2ric\u00fc’s-S\u00e2lik\u00een’de takip etti\u011fi y\u00f6ntemden \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde farkl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Fethullah G\u00fclen, kalbi \u015fuur, idrak, hissetme, akletme ve irade g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn merkezi, insan\u0131n as\u0131l hakikat\u0131, Allah’a muhatap olan, sorumluluklar y\u00fcklenen, ceza g\u00f6ren, m\u00fck\u00e2fat alan, hidayetle kanatlanan, dal\u00e2lete yuvarlanan, aziz kabul edilen, hor g\u00f6r\u00fclen ve \u0130l\u00e2h\u00ee marifetin aynas\u0131 olarak ele al\u0131r. Ona g\u00f6re kalp, ruhun g\u00f6z\u00fc, basiret, kendi d\u00fcnyas\u0131na g\u00f6re kalbin nazar\u0131, ak\u0131l ruhu, irade de i\u00e7 dinami\u011fidir. \u0130man, Allah marifeti, Allah sevgisi ve bunun has\u0131l etti\u011fi ruhan\u00ee zevk, kalbin varl\u0131k sebebi ve hedefidir.<\/p>\n

Kalp, Allah’\u0131n bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve insan\u0131 ona g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirdi\u011fi merkezdir. Allah, insana onun kalbiyle bakar ve insanla muamelesi kalbe g\u00f6re cereyan eder. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc kalp ak\u0131l, marifet, ilim, niyet, iman, hikmet ve kurbet gibi insan i\u00e7in en hayat\u00ee unsurlar\u0131n kalesi mesabesindedir. Kalp ayakta ve diri ise, bunlar da ayakta ve diri; kalp sars\u0131k veya y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa, bu fak\u00fclteler de sars\u0131k ve y\u0131k\u0131k demektir. Nas\u0131l bedenin canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve hayatiyetini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmesi, g\u00f6\u011fs\u00fcn sol taraf\u0131nda yer alan cam kozala\u011f\u0131 \u015feklindeki ve ad\u0131na ‘kalp’ dedi\u011fimiz organa ba\u011fl\u0131 ise, insan\u0131n as\u0131l varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, manev\u00ee hayat\u0131n\u0131n niteli\u011fi de, o biyolojik kalbin melek\u00fbt\u00ee kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan kalbe ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r ve bu iki kalp, birbiriyle m\u00fcnasebeti a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir ger\u00e7e\u011fin iki y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc temsil eder.<\/p>\n

Kalbin \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir di\u011fer yan\u0131 da, ondaki istinat ve istimdat noktalar\u0131 veya duyular\u0131 ile s\u00fcrekli Cenab-\u0131 Allah’\u0131 g\u00f6stermesi, varl\u0131k kitab\u0131yla ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak anlat\u0131lanlar\u0131, en hayat\u00ee ihtiya\u00e7lar ve ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 diliyle insan g\u00f6nl\u00fcne s\u00fcrekli hat\u0131rlatmas\u0131d\u0131r ki, hadis diye rivayet edilen bir s\u00f6zde bu husus nazara verilmektedir. \u0130brahim Hakk\u0131, bunu bir beyitle \u015f\u00f6yle ifade eder:<\/p>\n

“S\u0131\u011fmam dedi Hak arz u semaya;
\nKenzen bilindi din m\u00e2deninden.”<\/p>\n

\u0130man, kalbin can\u0131; ibadet, onun damarlar\u0131nda ak\u0131p duran kan\u0131; tefekk\u00fcr, murakabe, muhasebe, onun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131n\u0131n esaslar\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130mans\u0131z birinde kalp \u00f6l\u00fc ve \u00f6telere kar\u015f\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00fct\u00fcn kapal\u0131, ibadetsiz ve g\u00fcnahk\u00e2r birinde \u00f6l\u00fcm a\u011f\u0131nda ve onulmaz hastal\u0131klarla s\u00fcr\u00fcm s\u00fcr\u00fcm; tefekk\u00fcrs\u00fcz, murakabesiz ve muhasebesiz birinde ise her t\u00fcrl\u00fc tehlikeye a\u00e7\u0131k ve emniyetsizdir (Kalbin Z\u00fcmr\u00fct Tepeleri 1, 44-50) \u0130\u015fte, Kalbin Z\u00fcmr\u00fct Tepeleri, kalbin hayat\u0131 ve hayatiyeti i\u00e7in gerekli b\u00fct\u00fcn unsurlar\u0131, onun hayatiyetinin g\u00f6stergelerini, bu hayatiyetle kazan\u0131lan h\u00e2l, makam ve faziletleri, bir ba\u015fka ifadeyle, \u0130sl\u00e2m’\u0131n manev\u00ee-ruh\u00ee hayat\u0131n\u0131 kavramlar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde anlatan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131r. O, Tasavvuf’u kavramlar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde m\u00fccerret bir ilim olarak de\u011fil, bir h\u00e2l, tecr\u00fcbe ve ya\u015fanan bir hayat olan \u0130sl\u00e2m’\u0131n ruh\u00ee-manev\u00ee yan\u0131 veya manev\u00ee hayat olarak anlatan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kalbin Z\u00fcmr\u00fct Tepeleri, bir a\u00e7\u0131dan bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve \u00e7izmekte, bir di\u011fer a\u00e7\u0131dan ise, b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7er\u00e7eveleri kald\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Manev\u00ee-ruh\u00ee hayat daha \u00e7ok b\u00e2t\u0131n boyutlu oldu\u011fu ve bu boyutta yol almak hem zor, hem de son derece riskli oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, onun mutlak bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve i\u00e7ine al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. S\u00f6zler’de (s: 442), “G\u00f6rd\u00fcm ki, (Tasavvuf yolunda) sapan b\u00fct\u00fcn f\u0131rkalar\u0131 imamlar\u0131 sap\u0131tm\u0131\u015f. Bat\u0131na girmi\u015fler, bir m\u00fcddet yol alm\u0131\u015flar; S\u00fcnnet’e uymayarak, elde ettikleriyle sona ula\u015ft\u0131k zannedip, d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015fler, sapm\u0131\u015flar ve sapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015flar” tesbiti yer al\u0131r. B\u00e2t\u0131n veya man\u00e2 yolu, bu \u015fekilde sapmaya, yan\u0131lmaya \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k oldu\u011fu veya bu yolun pek \u00e7ok hususiyetleri bulundu\u011fu i\u00e7in, onu \u00e7evreleyen, projekt\u00f6rlerle ayd\u0131nlatan ve o yolda sapmalar\u0131 \u00f6nleyen \u0130sl\u00e2m f\u0131kh\u0131n\u0131n kaideleridir.<\/p>\n

Tarihte bu kaideler bazen tam bilinemedi\u011fi, bazen belli m\u00fclahazalarla nazardan uzak tutuldu\u011fu, bazen de ihmal edildi\u011fi i\u00e7in, Tasavvuf yolunda pek \u00e7ok sap\u0131k bat\u0131n\u00ee mezhepler ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, bazen de \u00e7e\u015fitli tesirlerle sapan meslek veya mezhepler, kendilerine g\u00fcya dayanak olarak bu yolu se\u00e7mi\u015flerdir. \u0130\u015fte, Kalbin Z\u00fcmr\u00fct Tepeleri, manev\u00ee-ruh\u00ee hayat\u0131n, herhangi bir sapmaya meydan vermeden \u0130sl\u00e2m\u00ee veya f\u0131kh\u00ee kaideler \u00fczerinde y\u00fcr\u00fcyebilmesi i\u00e7in, bu hayat\u0131n veya maneviyat yolunun s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izmekte, ayn\u0131 zamanda, bu yolun her menziline yerle\u015ftirdi\u011fi projekt\u00f6rlerle, onu tamamen ayd\u0131nl\u0131k bir yol haline getirmektedir.<\/p>\n

Kalbin Z\u00fcmr\u00fct Tepeleri, bir yandan bu \u015fekilde bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve veya s\u0131n\u0131r \u00e7izerken, bir di\u011fer yandan da, yukar\u0131da ifade edildi\u011fi gibi, s\u0131n\u0131r veya \u00e7er\u00e7eveleri kald\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. B\u00e2t\u0131n yolu, \u00e2deta s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z bir yoldur; menzili \u00e7ok, yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015flar\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Hz. Muhammed’den (sav) en \u00e2m\u00ee m\u00fc’mine kadar, inanm\u0131\u015f insanlar say\u0131s\u0131nca mertebeleri bulunan bir yoldur. Ayr\u0131ca bu yol, bir a\u00e7\u0131dan herkese a\u00e7\u0131k oldu\u011fu gibi, bir a\u00e7\u0131dan sadece \u00fczerinde az say\u0131da insan\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7ok husus\u00ee \u015feritlere de sahiptir. Mesel\u00e2, Muhyiddin ibn Arab\u00ee ekol\u00fc veya Vahdet-i V\u00fccud mesle\u011fini bu \u015feritlerin en \u00f6nemlilerinden biri olarak g\u00f6rebiliriz. Bu yolda, ancak onda y\u00fcr\u00fcyebilenlerin g\u00f6r\u00fcp anlayabilece\u011fi \u00e7ok daha ba\u015fka hususiyetler de vard\u0131r ki, mesel\u00e2 Hallac’da, Makt\u00fbl S\u00fchreverd\u00ee’de ve benzerlerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclen bu hususiyetler, zahiren o yolun s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, bu iki zat\u0131n can\u0131n\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Oysa Kalbin Z\u00fcmr\u00fct Tepeleri, b\u00fct\u00fcn bu hususiyetleri, hem bu yolun veya ruh\u00ee-manev\u00ee hayat\u0131n sonsuzca enginli\u011fi, \u00e2deta s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7inde, hem de onun s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 mesabesindeki \u015fer’\u00ee \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcler i\u00e7inde ele alabilmektedir. O, bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle de \u00fczerinde ciddi olarak durulmas\u0131 gereken bir \u00f6zellik arzetmektedir.<\/p>\n

Kalbin Z\u00fcmr\u00fct Tepeleri, Ehadiyet, V\u00e2hidiyet, Evvel-\u00c2hir-Z\u00e2hir-B\u00e2t\u0131n gibi kavramlar veya marifet lambalar\u0131yla Cenab-\u0131 Hakk’\u0131 tan\u0131tmakta ve bir marifet pete\u011fi sunmaktad\u0131r. Bu husus, onda Kel\u00e2m, Tasavvuf ve Hikmet ilimlerinin \u00e2deta bir Marifet \u0130lmi \u015feklinde bir b\u00fct\u00fcn halinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamakta, o, bunun yan\u0131s\u0131ra, \u0130sl\u00e2m tasavvufunda Muhyiddin ibn Arabi ve benzerlerinde, daha \u00e7ok s\u0131rl\u0131 ve anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 zor ifadeler ve sembollerle arz-\u0131 endam eden Yarat\u0131c\u0131-yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcnasebeti ve b\u00fct\u00fcn keyfiyetiyle tecell\u00ee-i \u0130l\u00e2h\u00ee haritas\u0131 takdim etmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca o, gerek bu kavramlar, gerekse Ulv\u00ee \u00c2lemler gibi daha ba\u015fka kavramlarla, k\u00e2inat\u0131n fizi\u011fe ve astrofizi\u011fe de \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutabilecek metafizik haritas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmakta ve bir ontoloji sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kalbin Z\u00fcmr\u00fct Tepeleri, bu kavramlar\u0131n yan\u0131s\u0131ra, N\u00fcceb\u00e2, N\u00fckeb\u00e2, Evtad, Kutup, Kutbu’l-Aktap, Gavs gibi kavramlarla, bilhassa kevn\u00ee planda Allah-insan m\u00fcnasebetini en derin ve hususi boyutlar\u0131yla ele almakta, \u0130sl\u00e2m Tasavvufu’nda Abd\u00fclkerim el-C\u00eel\u00ee gibi, yine, b\u00e2t\u0131n yolunun hususi temsilcilerinin \u00fczerinde durdu\u011fu \u0130nsan-\u0131 K\u00e2mil kavram\u0131yla, bir yandan insan\u0131 ‘ahsen-i takvim’ ve ‘yerin’ veya ‘yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde Allah’\u0131n halifesi’ kimli\u011fiyle tan\u0131t\u0131p Allah-insan m\u00fcnasebetini en hassas noktas\u0131yla tasvir etmektedir.<\/p>\n

Kalbin Z\u00fcmr\u00fct Tepeleri’nin, \u0130sl\u00e2m’\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturan ruh\u00ee-manev\u00ee hayat\u0131n\u0131, \u00f6ncelikle Sahabe mesle\u011fi i\u00e7inde, b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn ya\u015fan\u0131r, duyulur, tecr\u00fcbe edilir \u00f6z\u00fc, sonra da, tarihte ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fekliyle \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir disiplin olarak takdim etmesidir. Kalbin Z\u00fcmr\u00fct Tepeleri, b\u00fcy\u00fck ihtimal, dinle birlikte, her an onunla \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya girebilecek mahiyetteki akl\u0131n, ilmin, tekni\u011fin, s\u00f6z\u00fcn ve refah\u0131n hakim olaca\u011f\u0131 ve teknolojik geli\u015fmelerin belki bug\u00fcnden hayali bile zor mesafeler alaca\u011f\u0131 gelece\u011fin d\u00fcnyas\u0131na, hem b\u00fct\u00fcn boyutlar\u0131yla Tasavvuf’u, hem de \u0130sl\u00e2m’\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7inde onun ruh\u00ee-manev\u00ee hayat\u0131n\u0131 bir vedia, \u00fczerine y\u00fcr\u00fcnecek sa\u011flam ve kaymalara kar\u015f\u0131 korunmu\u015f bir yol olarak b\u0131rakmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ali \u00dcnal, Bir Portre Denemesi, Nil Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 2002<\/strong><\/p>\ntweet<\/a>