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{"id":2066,"date":"2014-11-24T16:05:38","date_gmt":"2014-11-24T16:05:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/?p=2066"},"modified":"2014-11-24T16:05:38","modified_gmt":"2014-11-24T16:05:38","slug":"yurtdisindaki-turk-okullarinin-degeri-kemal-karpat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/yazilar\/yurtdisindaki-turk-okullarinin-degeri-kemal-karpat\/","title":{"rendered":"Yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki T\u00fcrk Okullar\u0131n\u0131n De\u011feri \u2013 Kemal Karpat"},"content":{"rendered":"Y<\/span>urt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bulunan T\u00fcrk Okullar\u0131\u2019n\u0131 tesad\u00fcfen ke\u015ffettim. Konferanslar, \u00f6zel grup gezileri nedeniyle 1996\u2019dan beri Azerbaycan, Tataristan, Bosna, Kazakistan ve son olarak 2004\u2019de Romanya ve G\u00fcrcistan\u2019da bulunan okullar\u0131 ziyaret ettim. B\u00f6ylece herhangi bir tesir alt\u0131nda kalmadan bu okullar\u0131 kendi e\u011fitim felsefeme ve tecr\u00fcbeme g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirme f\u0131rsat\u0131n\u0131 buldum. Okullarda ilk dikkatimi \u00e7eken husus; orada h\u00e2kim olan dostluk, karde\u015flik, ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fc havas\u0131 ile e\u011fitimci ile \u00f6\u011frenciler aras\u0131ndaki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 sayg\u0131 ve g\u00fcven ba\u011flar\u0131 oldu. \u00d6\u011frencilerin hemen hemen t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn yerli halk\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131ndan olu\u015fmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k e\u011fitimcilerin ezici \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fcniversitelerinden mezun olmu\u015f, yabana dil bilen kimselerdi. Bu okullarda matematik, fizik, kimya, bilgisayar, ekonomi, medya, yabanc\u0131 dil, sosyal bilimler dersleri a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131ktad\u0131r. Din derslerine, yani \u0130sl\u00e2m ve ba\u015fka dinler hakk\u0131nca tamamiyle bitaraf, objektif olarak bilgi kabilinden verilen derslere (hem de ihtiyar\u00ee olmak \u015fart\u0131yla) ayr\u0131lan zaman iki \u00fc\u00e7 saati ge\u00e7memektedir.<\/p>\n

Okullarda verilen derslerin pratik hayatta faydal\u0131 bilgiler \u00fczerinde yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm gibi bu hususu yerli halktan bir \u00e7ok kimseden de duydum. Her gitti\u011fim yerde halk bu okullar\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00fcst\u00fcn kalitede e\u011fitim verdiklerini belirttiler. Onun i\u00e7in de her bo\u015f kontenjan i\u00e7in en az\u0131ndan on aday\u0131n ba\u015fvurdu\u011funu s\u00f6ylediler. Okullar bulunduktan \u00fclkelerin e\u011fitim kurallar\u0131na uygun olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 gibi idarecileri aras\u0131nda da o \u00fclkenin vatanda\u015flar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Yabanc\u0131 \u00fclkede olmakla beraber okullar\u0131n her birinde resim, kitap, heykel ve sanat eserlerinden olu\u015fan bir Atat\u00fcrk k\u00f6\u015fesi vard\u0131r. Ben bu gibi k\u00f6\u015feleri Bat\u0131 Avrupa\u2019da kurulmu\u015f baz\u0131 T\u00fcrk Okullar\u0131\u2019nda pek g\u00f6rmedim. Okullar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 tam bilmemekle beraber ilkokuldan \u00fcniversiteye kadar e\u011fitim veren bu okullarda e\u011fitim g\u00f6ren t\u00fcm \u00f6\u011frenci say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 50.000\u2019lere ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tahmin ediyorum. Kan\u0131mca bu T\u00fcrk Okullar\u0131 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131na uygun, bireyci, insana d\u00f6n\u00fck, pratik olduklar\u0131 kadar insan\u0131n maneviyat\u0131na da h\u00fcrmet ederek e\u011fitim vermektedirler ve bunun i\u00e7in bulunduklar\u0131. \u00fclkelerde kabul g\u00f6rmektedirler. Bu okullar T\u00fcrk dilinin \u00f6\u011frenilmesini sa\u011flamaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

Azerbaycan, G\u00fcrcistan, Rusya gibi \u00fclkelerde kurulmu\u015f bu okullar en y\u00fcksek kalitede \u00f6\u011frenci yeti\u015ftirmektedirler. Bu okullar\u0131n \u00f6\u011frencileri uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6d\u00fcller kazanarak \u00fclkelerine onur getirmi\u015flerdir. Mesela Romanya 2004 senesi bilim olimpiyat\u0131nda d\u00f6rt madalya kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n ikisini, alt\u0131n ve bronz madalyalar\u0131 B\u00fckre\u015f\u2019teki uluslararas\u0131 T\u00fcrk lisesinde okuyan \u00f6\u011frenciler kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Romen cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131, devlet olarak bu ba\u015far\u0131dan dolay\u0131 gurur duyduklar\u0131n\u0131 belirttikten sonra okulun T\u00fcrk idarecilerine Romanya\u2019ya \u015feref getirdikleri i\u00e7in te\u015fekk\u00fcr etmi\u015ftir. Romanya\u2019da hizmet veren bu okul T\u00fcrk -Romen ili\u015fkilerini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirdi\u011fi gibi bu \u00fclkede yat\u0131r\u0131m yapm\u0131\u015f T\u00fcrk i\u015f adamlar\u0131na da destek vermektedir.<\/p>\n

Bulunduklar\u0131 \u00fclkenin k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne, kanunlar\u0131na ve geleneklerine sayg\u0131 g\u00f6steren ve herhangi bir ideolojinin hizmetinde olmayan bu okullar kendilerini serbest, h\u00fcr d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen, sa\u011flam ruhlu insan yeti\u015ftirmeye adam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu okullar\u0131 daha yak\u0131ndan tan\u0131mak ve takdir etmek her T\u00fcrk\u00fcn vazifesidir.<\/strong> Ger\u00e7ekten, bu okullar kurulu\u015f, i\u015fleyi\u015f, ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 ve tan\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan iftihar edilecek bir seviyededir. Okullar T\u00fcrk devletinden herhangi bir yard\u0131m g\u00f6rmeden, sivil ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan kurulmu\u015f, merkezi finansmana ve kontrole tabi olmadan i\u015fleyen kurumlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m kadar her okulun amac\u0131 sonunda kendi kendiniidare eden ve finansman\u0131n\u0131 kendi imkanlar\u0131yla sa\u011flayan bir kurum olmakt\u0131r. Fikir babas\u0131 Fethullah G\u00fclen Hoca\u2019d\u0131r. 1989 y\u0131l\u0131 Kas\u0131m ay\u0131nda, S\u00fcleymaniye Camii k\u00fcrs\u00fcs\u00fcnden Orta Asya \u00fclkelerinin sorunlar\u0131 ile ilgilenmeyi \u00f6nermi\u015ftir. Bir sonra 37 ki\u015filik \u00f6nc\u00fc bir kafile G\u00fcrcistan ve Azerbaycan\u2019da temaslar yapt\u0131ktan sonra burada ilkokullar\u0131n temelini atm\u0131\u015f ve ondan sonra bu okullar be\u015f k\u0131taya yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu sayede T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ve T\u00fcrklerin bir e\u011fitim mucizesi yaratt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek yerinde olur. Bu okullar\u0131 her bak\u0131mdan ruhen dengeli ve d\u00fcnya anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na sahip, h\u00fcr ki\u015filer yeti\u015ftirmeye \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck ettikleri i\u00e7in takdir ettim.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye’nin bilhassa cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bir devlet\u00e7i gelenek yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 malumdur. Her \u00a0kurumun mutlak devlet kontrol\u00fcnde olmas\u0131na \u00f6nem veren bu tekelci d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce \u00a0e\u011fitim sistemini derinden etkilemi\u015ftir. Yeni kurulan bir siyasi rejimin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 baz\u0131\u00a0 kararlar\u0131 anlay\u0131\u015fla kar\u015f\u0131lamak yerindedir, fakat e\u011fitim alan\u0131nda baz\u0131 iyi kararlara ra\u011fmen devlet\u00e7ilik a\u015f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda ve belki onlara bir \u00a0tepki olarak h\u00fcr ve \u0130nsan\u00ee bir e\u011fitim te\u015febb\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn, yani T\u00fcrk Okullar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 \u00e7ok takdir edilecek bir olayd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu okullar T\u00fcrk\u00e7enin konu\u015fulmas\u0131nda ve T\u00fcrk k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn yay\u0131lmas\u0131nda birinci derecede etkilidirler. Bu noktadan hareket eden yabanc\u0131 baz\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar bu okullar\u0131 T\u00fcrk mill\u00ee k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc yayman\u0131n yani T\u00fcrk misyonerli\u011finin bir \u00e7e\u015fit vas\u0131tas\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

Bu okullar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda olan \u00fc\u00e7 grup vard\u0131r. Birincisi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de devlet\u00e7i yani ki\u015fiyi ve toplumu s\u0131k\u0131 kontrol alt\u0131nda tutmak isteyen ger\u00e7ek demokrasiden ve ger\u00e7ek h\u00fcrriyetten korkan siyasi tekelcilerdir. \u0130knci grup ise d\u0131\u015f \u00fclkeler mensubu kimselerdir. Bunlar T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin geli\u015fmesini istemeyen ye T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin k\u00f6t\u00fc tan\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in elinden geleni yapan kimselerdir. \u0130lk gruptaki kimseler bu okullar\u0131 din propagandas\u0131 yapmakla su\u00e7lamalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, ikinci, gruptaki kimseler bu okullar\u0131 \u201cmilliyet\u00e7ilik\u201d ve \u201cT\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck\u201d yapmakla itham etmektedirler. Nihayet \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir grup (bu bilgiyi yeni okudu\u011fum bir doktora tezinden al\u0131yorum)G\u00fclen hareketini ve bilhassa bu okullar\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 alanda devlet ile i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapmakla su\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 kimseler bu hareketi, i\u00e7eride devlet ile toplum uyum ara\u015ft\u0131ran yeni bir yakla\u015f\u0131m ve \u00e7aba olarak g\u00f6rmektedirler. Ayn\u0131 konu etraf\u0131nda bu kadar farkl\u0131 ve \u00e7eli\u015fik g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 her \u015feyden evvel bu okullar\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n bir sonucu olarak g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/em><\/p>\n

H\u00e2lbuki bu okullar\u0131n \u201cmill\u00eeli\u011fi\u201d, ne ideolojiden ne dinden kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Onlar\u0131n mill\u00eeli\u011fi; okullar\u0131n T\u00fcrkler taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilmesinden, \u00f6\u011fretmenlerin T\u00fcrk olu\u015fundan ve okulda derslerin T\u00fcrk\u00e7e verilmesinden, do\u011fmaktad\u0131r. Bu ama\u00e7lar\u0131 olmayan ve bulunduklar\u0131 \u00fclkenin insan\u0131na hizmet eden bu okullar ayn\u0131 zamanda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi ve insanlar\u0131n\u0131 kimseyi rencide etmeden tan\u0131tmaktad\u0131rlar. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi d\u0131\u015far\u0131da tan\u0131tman\u0131n en g\u00fczel \u015fekli de budur. B\u00fcrokrasinin ba\u015faramad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bu okullar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. \u0130ki y\u0131l kadar \u00f6nce Bosna\u2019da, okullar\u0131n sene sonu toplant\u0131s\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frencilerin T\u00fcrk\u00e7e \u015fiirler, T\u00fcrk\u00fcler okumalar\u0131n\u0131 ve piyeslerde T\u00fcrk\u00e7e konu\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 dinlemek ger\u00e7ekten b\u00fcy\u00fck bir zevk olmu\u015ftu. Ayn\u0131 okullar T\u00fcrk i\u015f adamlar\u0131n\u0131n yerli halkla temas kurmalar\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi kurulan binlerce i\u015f yerinin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den mal al\u0131p satmalar\u0131na yerli halk ile temaslar kurmalar\u0131na do\u011frudan do\u011fruya veya dolay\u0131s\u0131yla yard\u0131m etmektedirler.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fka bir deyimle bu okullar en az\u0131ndan \u00fc\u00e7 faaliyeti yani e\u011fitimi, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi tan\u0131tmay\u0131 ve ekonomik geli\u015fmeyi hem T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin hem bulunduklar\u0131 \u00fclkelerin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131m sa\u011flayacak \u015fekilde y\u00fcr\u00fctmektedirler. \u015euras\u0131 da bir ger\u00e7ektir bu okullar\u0131n bu kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015far\u0131 sa\u011flamas\u0131nda T\u00fcrk \u00f6\u011fretmenlerinin mesleki kabiliyetleri kadar inanarak, fedak\u00e2rl\u0131kla kendilerini bu mesle\u011fe vermeleri de birinci derecede rol oynar. Anadolu\u2019nun \u00fccra bir k\u00f6\u015fesinde do\u011fmu\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck iddialar\u0131 olmayan s\u0131radan gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen kimselerin sahip olduklar\u0131 kabiliyet, fedakarl\u0131k ve idealizmin y\u00fcceli\u011fini bu okullar ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n kuzeyinde, Guba kasabas\u0131nda ilk kurulan okul; b\u00fcy\u00fck tahta kutular\u0131 dershane yaparak ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00d6\u011fretmenler k\u0131\u015f\u0131n \u00fcst \u00fcste giydikleri paltolar i\u00e7inde ders vermi\u015f, ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde giyinmi\u015f \u00f6\u011frenciler de ders dinlemi\u015fler. Kendi insan\u0131n\u0131n bu kadar idealist olmas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmek cidden b\u00fcy\u00fck bir iftihar vesilesidir. Bu yaz\u0131ma G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131n Tiflis kentinde bulunan S\u00fcleyman Demirel Kolejinde 2004\u2019\u00fcn Ekim ay\u0131nda s\u00f6ylediklerimi tekrar ederek son vermek istiyorum. Kolej idarecileri G\u00fcrcistan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n davetlisi olarak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den gelen arkada\u015flara bir \u00f6\u011flen yeme\u011fi vermi\u015fti. Yemek sonras\u0131 benden de bir-iki s\u00f6z s\u00f6ylememi istediler. Ben de haz\u0131rl\u0131ks\u0131z olarak do\u011frudan do\u011fruya i\u00e7imden geldi\u011fi gibi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yukar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle dedim:<\/p>\n

\u201cGe\u00e7en hafta Romanya\u2019dayd\u0131m, bu hafta G\u00fcrcistan\u2019day\u0131m. Fakat h\u00e2l\u00e2 T\u00fcrkiye<\/strong>\u2019deyim. Yurt d<\/strong>\u0131\u015f\u0131na <\/strong>\u00e7\u0131k<\/strong>\u0131p yurt i<\/strong>\u00e7inde kalmak bu okullar ve siz <\/strong>\u00f6\u011fretmenler sayesinde olmu<\/strong>\u015ftur. Benden fikir istiyorsunuz bir <\/strong>\u015feyler <\/strong>\u00f6\u011fretmemi bekliyorsunuz. As<\/strong>\u0131l fikir veren ve bana yeni <\/strong>\u015feyler <\/strong>\u00f6\u011freten sizsiniz. Evet bu okullar\u0131 kuran ve i<\/strong>\u015fleten sizlerden hepimiz <\/strong>\u00e7ok <\/strong>\u015feyler <\/strong>\u00f6\u011frenebiliriz.<\/strong>\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

O konu\u015fmamda s\u00f6ylediklerime yeni olarak \u015funu ilave edebilirim. Bu okullar\u0131n fikir babas\u0131 Fethullah Hoca\u2019y\u0131 candan tebrik edip kendi ad\u0131ma te\u015fekk\u00fcrlerimi sunmak isterim. Bu okullar\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye kazand\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 fayda \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki y\u0131llarda daha iyi anla\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Fethullah G\u00fclen ba\u015fka hi\u00e7bir \u015fey yapmam\u0131\u015f olsayd\u0131 dahi bu okullar\u0131n kurulmas\u0131na \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etmekle ismini ebedile\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Ufuk Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 “Bar\u0131\u015f K\u00f6pr\u00fcleri ” adl\u0131 kitaptan al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\ntweet<\/a>