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{"id":2221,"date":"2014-12-20T15:55:47","date_gmt":"2014-12-20T15:55:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/?p=2221"},"modified":"2015-08-29T19:28:46","modified_gmt":"2015-08-29T19:28:46","slug":"hucurat-suresi-hakkinda-seyyid-kutup","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/yazilar\/hucurat-suresi-hakkinda-seyyid-kutup\/","title":{"rendered":"Hucurat Suresi Hakk\u0131nda \u2013 Seyyid Kutup"},"content":{"rendered":"O<\/span>n sekiz \u00e2yeti ge\u00e7meyen bu s\u00fbre ger\u00e7ekten \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ehemmiyet ta\u015f\u0131r. Ak\u00eede ve \u015feriatla ilgili, insanl\u0131k ve mevcudatla al\u00e2kal\u0131 bir\u00e7ok \u00f6nemli hakikatlar ihtiva etmektedir. \u0130nsan kalbine ve kafas\u0131na uzak mesafeler ve y\u00fcksek ufuklar a\u00e7an, ruha ve zihne derin hat\u0131ralar b\u00fcy\u00fck m\u00e2nalar sokan sistematik metotlar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan, terbiye ve e\u011fitim prensipleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden te\u015fri h\u00fck\u00fcmleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan hacmini ve \u00e2yetlerinin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fczlerce defa a\u015facak hususiyetler ihtiva etmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte bu husus insan \u00f6n\u00fcne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmesi ve g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmas\u0131 gereken \u00e7ok m\u00fchim iki mesele \u00e7\u0131karmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n

1.S\u00fbrei cel\u00eele m\u00fctalaa edildi\u011fi zaman dikkati \u00e7eken birinci hususiyet bu s\u00fbrenin m\u00fckemmel bir sistem, \u00e7ok y\u00fcce, ve sa\u011flam bir \u00e2lemle ilgili bariz i\u015faretler ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131p bu \u00e2lemin \u00fczerine kaim oldu\u011fu prensipleri, sistemleri, esaslar\u0131, kaideleri ihtiva etmesidir. Bu alemi bu prensipler \u00f6nce ayakta tutmakta sonra korumaktad\u0131r bu y\u00f6n\u00fc ile kendi ba\u015f\u0131na m\u00fcstakil bir s\u00fbre oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. \u0130\u015faretlerini g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi \u00e2lem Allah\u2019tan sudur etmekte Allah\u2019a y\u00f6neltmekte ve Allah\u2019a nisbet edilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Kalbleri temiz, ruhlar\u0131 temiz, dilleri temiz ve her \u015feyden evvel i\u00e7 d\u00fcnyalar\u0131 nezih bir \u00e2lemdir bu. Allah\u2019a ve Resul\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 edep ve terbiyeyi anlatan insan\u0131n hem kendisiyle, hem ba\u015fkas\u0131yle olan edebini ayarlayan bir \u00e2lemdir. Duygu ve hareketlerde, vicdanda yer eden ve organlarda beliren fiillerdeki bir edebi anlatmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca bu s\u00fbre getirdi\u011fi sistemin temel prensiplerini ele alarak onu koruyacak teminat unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 ihtiva etmektedir. Bu sistemler ve prensiplerde ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde yukarda zikri ge\u00e7en terbiye ve edebe dayan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ondan ne\u015fet eder onunla hem\u00e2henk olur ve bu alemin gizli, a\u00e7\u0131k y\u00f6nleriyle uyu\u015fur. H\u00fck\u00fcmleri, prensipleri birbiriyle ittifak eder. Hareket ve saikleri birbirini dengeler. Duygu ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri birbirine yakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r, b\u00f6ylece ki\u015fiyi Allah\u2019a do\u011fru y\u00f6neltir ve hareket ettirir Bunun i\u00e7indir ki bu y\u00fcce, bu \u015ferefli bu temiz ve bu sa\u011flam \u00e2lemin kurulmas\u0131 ve korunmas\u0131 yaln\u0131zca ahl\u00e2k\u00ee prensiplere ve zihn\u00ee duygular\u0131n ar\u0131nm\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na terk edilmiyor. Yaln\u0131z h\u00fck\u00fcm ve prensiplere havale edilmiyor. Bil\u00e2kis her ikisi tam bir ahenk ve uygunluk i\u00e7erisinde o \u00e2lemi kurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Fertlerin \u015fuur ve \u00e7abas\u0131na terk edilmedi\u011fi gibi devletin nizam ve icraat\u0131na da b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131yor. Bunlar\u0131n yerine bu \u00e2lemde fert ve devlet birle\u015fiyor devlet ferde fert devlete kar\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Her ikisinin vazife ve faaliyetleri tam bir ahenk ve uygunluk i\u00e7erisinde yanyana yerini al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00e2lemde Allah\u2019a ve Resul\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 bir ba\u015fka edep tavr\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bu edep de kulun Rab kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda hissetti\u011fi duygular Rabb\u0131n emirlerini tebli\u011f eden peygamber kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda duydu\u011fu hisler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r: \u201cEy \u0130man edenler, Allah\u2019\u0131n ve Resul\u00fcn\u00fcn huzurunda \u00f6ne ge\u00e7meyin ve Allah\u2019tan korkun. Muhakkak ki Allah S e m i \u2019dir, A l i m \u2019dir.\u201d<\/p>\n

Buna g\u00f6re m\u00fc\u2019min ki\u015fi hi\u00e7bir emir ve nehiyde Rabbinin huzurunda \u00f6ne ge\u00e7mez. Onun koydu\u011fu h\u00fck\u00fcm ve buyrukta kendisi bir fikir \u00f6ne s\u00fcrmez. Onlar\u0131 tecav\u00fcz etmez, Rabbi ve yaratan\u0131 ile olan m\u00fcnasebetlerinde ondan korktu\u011fundan, sak\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, haya etti\u011finden ve edebinden dolay\u0131 kendi iradesini ortaya s\u00fcrmez. Resulullaha kar\u015f\u0131 sesleni\u015finde bile ona sayg\u0131 ifade eden husus\u00ee bir edep tarz\u0131 vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

Ey \u0130man edenler! Seslerinizi peygamberin sesinden y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u0131karmay\u0131n. Birbirinize ba\u011f\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z gibi peygambere y\u00fcksek sesle ba\u011f\u0131rmay\u0131n ki fark\u0131na varmadan amelleriniz bo\u015fa gitmesin.<\/p>\n

Seslerini peygamberin yan\u0131nda k\u0131sanlar muhakkak ki onlar Allah\u2019\u0131n g\u00f6n\u00fcllerini takva ile imtihan etti\u011fi kimselerdir. Ma\u011ffiret ve b\u00fcy\u00fck m\u00fck\u00e2fat onlarad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sana h\u00fccrelerin \u00f6tesinden seslenenlerin \u00e7o\u011funun ak\u0131llar\u0131 ermez.<\/p>\n

E\u011fer onlar sen yanlar\u0131na \u00e7\u0131k\u0131ncaya kadar sabretselerdi kendileri i\u00e7in elbette daha hay\u0131rl\u0131 olurdu. Ve Allah G a f \u00fb r \u2019dur, Rahim \u2019dir.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00e2lemin s\u00f6zlerin ve fiillerin tespitinde \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f noktalar\u0131n\u0131 tevsikinde h\u00fck\u00fcm vermezden \u00f6nce takip edece\u011fi kendisine has bir metodu vard\u0131r. Bu metot Allah korkusuna dayan\u0131r. Her\u015feyi Allah\u2019\u0131n resul\u00fcne irca etmeye istinad eder. Onun huzurunda ileri at\u0131lmamay\u0131 ve emir buyurmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hususlarda ihsas\u0131 rey etmemeyi gerektirir:<\/p>\n

Ey \u0130man edenler! E\u011fer f\u00e2s\u0131k\u0131n biri size bir haber getirirse onun i\u00e7 y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n. Yoksa bilmeden bir kavme sata\u015f\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z da sonra etti\u011finize yanars\u0131n\u0131z.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hem bilin ki i\u00e7inizde Allah\u2019\u0131n peygamberi vard\u0131r. \u015eayet o bir \u00e7ok i\u015flerde size uymu\u015f olsayd\u0131 \u015f\u00fcphesiz ki s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131ya d\u00fc\u015ferdiniz. Ama Allah size iman\u0131 sevdirmi\u015f ve onu kalblerinize g\u00fczel g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. K\u00fcfr\u00fc, f\u00e2s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, isyan\u0131 da \u00e7irkin g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. \u0130\u015fte r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcn\u00fc bulanlar da onlar\u0131n ta kendileridir.<\/p>\n

Bu Allah\u2019\u0131n bir fazlu nimetidir. Ve Allah Alim \u2019dir, Hakim \u2019dir.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00e2lemin kendisine g\u00f6re bir d\u00fczeni, fiili, icraat\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131klardan, fitnelerden, karars\u0131zl\u0131klardan, heyecanlardan korunman\u0131n pratik \u00e7areleri vard\u0131r. Bu noktalar tedavi edilmeden b\u0131rak\u0131lacak olsa o \u00e2lemin b\u00fcnyesinde bir sars\u0131nt\u0131 meydana gelir. Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Ker\u00eem insanlar\u0131 m\u00fc\u2019minler aras\u0131ndaki karde\u015flik prensibinden, adalet ve \u0131slah ger\u00e7e\u011finden, Allah korkusu ve onun rahmet ve r\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131 talep arzusundan ne\u015fet eden pratik icraatlarla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya getirir:<\/p>\n

\u201cE\u011fer m\u00fc\u2019minlerden iki tayife birbirleriyle d\u00f6\u011f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrlerse aralar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczeltin. \u015eayet biri di\u011feri \u00fczerine sald\u0131r\u0131rsa o sald\u0131ranla Allah\u2019\u0131n buyru\u011funa d\u00f6n\u00fcnceye kadar sava\u015f\u0131n. E\u011fer d\u00f6nerse art\u0131k aralar\u0131n\u0131 adaletle bulun. Ve adaletli davran\u0131n. \u015e\u00fcphesiz ki Allah adil davrananlar\u0131 sever.<\/p>\n

M\u00fc\u2019minler ancak karde\u015ftirler. \u00d6yle ise iki karde\u015finizin aras\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczeltin. Ve Allah\u2019tan korkun ki esirgenesiniz.\u201d<\/p>\n

Bu \u00e2lemde fertlerin birbirlerine kar\u015f\u0131 olan duygular\u0131nda ruhan\u00ee bir terbiye h\u00e2kim oldu\u011fu gibi birbirleriyle olan m\u00fcnasebetlerinde de g\u00fczel bir hareket tarz\u0131 h\u00e2kimdir:<\/p>\n

\u201cEy m\u00fc\u2019minler bir topluluk di\u011fer toplulu\u011fu alaya almas\u0131n. Bel ki de onlar kendilerinden daha hay\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131rlar. Kad\u0131nlar da kad\u0131nlar\u0131 alaya almas\u0131nlar. Belki onlar kendilerinden daha hay\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131rlar. Kendi kendinizi ay\u0131plamay\u0131n ve birbirinizi k\u00f6t\u00fc l\u00e2kaplarla \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rmay\u0131n. Ne k\u00f6t\u00fc add\u0131r imandan sonra fas\u0131kl\u0131k. Kim de tevbe etmezse i\u015fte onlar zalimlerin ta kendileridir.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00e2lemde duygular temiz, mahremiyetler teminat alt\u0131nda, g\u00f6\u00acr\u00fclen ve g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyen haller masuniyetini muhafaza etmektedir. Kimse kimseye kar\u015f\u0131 tahminlerle muaheze edilmez. Gizli noktalar ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaz. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n emniyet ve kerametine tecav\u00fcz edilmez, en ufak bir \u015fekilde h\u00fcrriyetleri \u00e7i\u011fnenmez:<\/p>\n

Ey iman edenler! Zann\u0131n bir \u00e7o\u011fundan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc baz\u0131 zan g\u00fcnaht\u0131r. Birbirinizin kusurunu ara\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131n, kimse kimseyi \u00e7eki\u015ftirmesin. Hangi biriniz \u00f6l\u00fc karde\u015finin etini yemekten ho\u015flan\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte bundan tiksindiniz de\u011fil mi? Allah\u2019tan korkun \u015f\u00fcphesiz ki Allah Te v v \u00e2 b \u2019d\u0131r, R a h i m \u2019dir.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00e2lemin \u00e7e\u015fitli cinslerden, de\u011fi\u015fik kabilelerden, muhtelif insan grublar\u0131n\u0131n birli\u011fi \u00fczerinde \u00fcst\u00fcn bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi vard\u0131r. Ve o kendi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcnde b\u00fct\u00fcn bu ayr\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00fczeltir. Onun koydu\u011fu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc her t\u00fcrl\u00fc sakatl\u0131ktan ve aksakl\u0131k \u015faibelerinden uzak, sa\u011flam bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcd\u00fcr:<\/p>\n

Ey \u0130nsanlar! Do\u011frusu Biz sizi bir erkekle bir di\u015fiden yaratt\u0131k. Ve birbirinizle tan\u0131\u015fans\u0131n\u0131z diye milletler ve kabileler haline koyduk. Muhakkak ki Allah kat\u0131nda en de\u011ferliniz ondan en \u00e7ok korkan\u0131n\u0131zd\u0131r. Ve \u015f\u00fcphesiz Allah A l \u00ee m \u2019dir, H a b \u00ee r \u2019dir.<\/p>\n

<\/i>\n\t\t\t S\u00fbrei cel\u00eele o y\u00fcce, o temiz, o sa\u011flam ve \u015ferefli \u00e2lemin i\u015faretlerini canland\u0131rd\u0131ktan, apayr\u0131 bir hususiyetle bunca b\u00fcy\u00fck ger\u00e7ekleri a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131ktan sonra d\u00f6n\u00fcyor iman i\u015faretlerini anlat\u0131yor ve iman ad\u0131na o y\u00fcce \u00e2lemi kurmaya \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fc\u2019minlere sesleniyor: \u201cEy iman edenler\u201d<\/em> sadas\u0131yle gelen bu sevimli sesin mensubu bulundu\u011funu iddia edip de o sese kulak vermeyenleri mahcup olacaklar\u0131 ve hemen ko\u015farak teslim olacaklar\u0131 bu y\u00fcce m\u00fckellefiyetlere \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 Allah daveti ad\u0131na kendilerine sesleniliyor ki bu sevimli nidan\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcn zorluklar kolayla\u015f\u0131yor, b\u00fct\u00fcn me\u015fakkatler basitle\u015fiyor, b\u00fct\u00fcn kalbler \u015fevke gelerek ko\u015fuyor o sesleni\u015fe kulak veriyor. \n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bedeviler dediler ki: \u201c\u0130man ettik.\u201d De ki: \u201cSiz iman etmediniz ama M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olduk deyin. \u0130man hen\u00fcz kalblerinize yerle\u015fmedi. \u015eayet Allah\u2019a ve peygamberine itaat ederseniz amellerinizden bir\u015fey eksiltmez. Muhakkak ki Allah G a f \u00fb r \u2019dur R a h i m \u2019dir.\u201d M\u00fc\u2019minler ancak onlard\u0131r ki Allah\u2019a ve Resulune iman edip sonra \u015f\u00fcpheye d\u00fc\u015fmemi\u015f ve Allah yolunda mallar\u0131yla canlar\u0131yla cihad etmi\u015flerdir. \u0130\u015fte onlar sad\u0131klar\u0131n ta kendileridir.<\/p>\n

De ki: \u201cDininizi Allah\u2019a m\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretiyorsunuz? Halbuki Allah g\u00f6klerde olanlar\u0131 da bilir, yerde olanlar\u0131 da. Ve Allah her\u015feyi bilendir.\u201d<\/p>\n

S\u00fbrenin sonunda Allah\u2019\u0131n insanl\u0131\u011fa l\u00fctfetti\u011fi en b\u00fcy\u00fck ihsan a\u00e7\u0131klanmaktad\u0131r. Diledi\u011fine l\u00fctfetti\u011fi imandan s\u00f6z etmektedir:<\/p>\n

Onlar \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019a girdikleri i\u00e7in sana minnet ediyorlar. De ki: \u201cM\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7in bana minnet etmeyin. Bilakis sizi imana erdirdi\u011fi i\u00e7in Allah size minnet eder. \u015eayet sad\u0131klardan iseniz.<\/p>\n

Muhakkak ki Allah g\u00f6klerin ve yerin gayb\u0131n\u0131 bilir. Ve Allah yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 g\u00f6rendir.<\/p>\n

2.S\u00fbrenin incelenmesinden sonra ve \u00e2yetlerinin n\u00fczul sebebiyle ilgili olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan vak\u0131alar\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra dikkati \u00e7eken ve ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ikinci husus ise Kur\u2019an\u0131 Ker\u00eem\u2019in ve Hz. Peygamber\u2019in tevcihat ve terbiyesindeki hakim\u00e2ne y\u00f6nlerle o y\u00fcce, o \u015ferefli, o temiz o sa\u011flam d\u00fcnyan\u0131n temsilcisi olan ve bir zamanlar yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde ger\u00e7ekten v\u00fccut bulan ve hi\u00e7bir zaman i\u00e7in ideal bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, hayal\u00ee bir r\u00fcya veya zihinlerde u\u00e7u\u015fan bir hayal \u015feklinde kalmayan \u0130sl\u00e2m cemiyetini var etmek ve terbiye etmek konusundaki s\u00fcrekli ve bitmez t\u00fckenmez \u00e7aba ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tarihin devirlerinden bir devirde ger\u00e7ekten realiteler d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda var olan bu ideal toplum birdenbire topraktan \u00e7\u0131kar gibi \u00e7\u0131kmam\u0131\u015f tesad\u00fcfen var olmam\u0131\u015f, bir gece veya g\u00fcnd\u00fcz i\u00e7erisinde do\u011fup b\u00fcy\u00fcmemi\u015fti. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra o ideal cemiyet bir g\u00f6z a\u00e7\u0131p kapamak gibi saniyelik zaman aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda e\u015fyan\u0131n tabiat\u0131n\u0131 bir solukta de\u011fi\u015ftiren bir mucizenin eseri de de\u011fildi. Bilakis bu ideal topluluk, k\u00f6k\u00fc derinlere inen ve g\u00f6klere kanat germi\u015f bir a\u011fa\u00e7 gibi yava\u015f yava\u015f tabii olarak b\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f geli\u015fmi\u015ftir. Bitmez t\u00fckenmez \u00e7aba harcanmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmi\u015f, geli\u015fmek i\u00e7in zamana ihtiya\u00e7 olmu\u015f, uzun sabra, basiretli faaliyete, terbiyeye, e\u011fitmeye, tevcihe, harekete, takviyeye ve tesbite muhta\u00e7 olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Ac\u0131 ger\u00e7eklere ve tecr\u00fcbelere katlanmaya, s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 dolu imtihanlara girmeye ve bu imtihanlarla tecr\u00fcbelerden ibretler almaya ihtiya\u00e7 hissetmi\u015fti. \u0130\u015fte b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar insanlar aras\u0131nda se\u00e7ilen ve bilerek bu b\u00fcy\u00fck emaneti y\u00fcklenmeye Allah taraf\u0131ndan namzet k\u0131l\u0131nan, yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde Allah\u2019\u0131n me\u015fiyetini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeye m\u00fcstait bulunan bu kitlede temess\u00fcl etmi\u015fti. Ayr\u0131ca o neslin kendisine has bilinmez faziletleri ve bilinmez istidatlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u015eartlar, haller ortakla\u015fa bu nesli ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Ve i\u015fte b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlardan dolay\u0131 be\u015feriyet tarihindeki o ak\u0131l almaz hareket bir g\u00f6z a\u00e7\u0131\u015fta her taraf\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatm\u0131\u015f ve uzaklardan bak\u0131l\u0131nca parlak bir r\u00fcya gibi veya u\u00e7u\u015fan bir hayal gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen haller ger\u00e7ek olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Seyyid Kutup, \u201cFiz Zilal\u2019il Kur\u2019an\u201d<\/strong> adl\u0131 tefsir kitab\u0131ndan al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\ntweet<\/a>