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{"id":2701,"date":"2015-04-04T16:54:51","date_gmt":"2015-04-04T16:54:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/?p=2701"},"modified":"2015-04-04T16:54:51","modified_gmt":"2015-04-04T16:54:51","slug":"peygamberimizin-huneyn-savasi-sonrasi-ensara-hitaben-yaptigi-konusma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/yazilar\/peygamberimizin-huneyn-savasi-sonrasi-ensara-hitaben-yaptigi-konusma\/","title":{"rendered":"Peygamberimizin Huneyn Sava\u015f\u0131 Sonras\u0131 Ensar\u2019a Hitaben Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Konu\u015fma"},"content":{"rendered":"P<\/span>eygamber Efendimiz Hz. Muhammed (s.a.s.), Huneyn sava\u015f\u0131nda elde edilen ganimeti Kurey\u015fin de i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu Arap kabilelerine da\u011f\u0131tm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ganimetten kendilerine pay verilmeyen Ensar grubu bu durumdan rahats\u0131z olmu\u015f ve bu konuda Hz. Peygamberi t\u00f6hmet alt\u0131nda b\u0131rakacak \u015fekilde kendi aralar\u0131nda dedikodu yapmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131. \u0130\u015f Peygamberimizin kendi kabilesi olan Kurey\u015f\u2019i kay\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyecek noktaya vard\u0131. Baz\u0131 gen\u00e7leri: \u201cK\u0131l\u0131\u00e7lar\u0131m\u0131zdan h\u00e2l\u00e2 onlar\u0131n kan\u0131 damlamaktad\u0131r.\u201d<\/strong>\u00a0 Dediler. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 rahats\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ifade eden \u015fiirler in\u015fad edecek kadar i\u00e7leri kederle doldu.\u00a0 Ensar\u2019dan Sa\u2019d b. \u2018Ubade, peygamberimizin yan\u0131na giderek bu durumu kendisine \u015fu s\u00f6zlerle bildirdi:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u015eu Ensar grubu senin bug\u00fcn yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n Fey \u2018 da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 konusunda, Senin kendi kabilene ve di\u011fer Arap kabilelerine b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda paylar verdi\u011fin halde kendilerine pay vermedi\u011fine dair i\u00e7lerinde senin aleyhine ku\u015fku ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. \u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber: \u201cBu konuda sen hangi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncedesin? Ey Sa\u2019d\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sa\u2019d: \u201cBende kavmimden biriyim. \u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber: \u201cO halde kavmini \u015fu \u00e7ad\u0131rda topla\u201d<\/strong> buyurdu.<\/p>\n

Sa\u2019d, Ensar toplulu\u011funu s\u00f6ylenen mahalde toplad\u0131. Onlara kat\u0131lmak isteyen Muhacirlere m\u00fcsaade etmedi. Durumu kendisine bildirince peygamberimiz geldi ve Allah\u2019a hamd ve senadan sonra onlara \u015f\u00f6yle seslendi:<\/p>\n

Hz. Muhammed (s.a.s): \u201cEy Ensar toplulu\u011fu! Bana, i\u00e7inizden kederlendi\u011finiz haberi ula\u015ft\u0131. Size geldi\u011fimde yolunuzu \u015fa\u015f\u0131rm\u0131\u015f bir haldeyken Allah size do\u011fru yolu g\u00f6stermedi mi? Fakirken Allah sizi zenginle\u015ftirmedi mi? Birbirinize d\u00fc\u015fman oldu\u011funuz halde Allah kalplerinizi birle\u015ftirmedi mi?\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ensar Grubu: \u201cEvet. Allah ve Res\u00fblu en b\u00fcy\u00fck l\u00fctuf ve ihsan sahibidir. \u201d<\/p>\n

Hz. Muhammed (s.a.s): \u201cBana kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k vermeyecek misiniz? Ey Ensar toplulu\u011fu!\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ensar Grubu: \u201cSana ne cevap verelim ya Res\u00fblallah? L\u00fctuf ve kerem yaln\u0131z Allah\u2019a ve O \u2019nun el\u00e7isine aittir. \u201d<\/p>\n

Hz. Muhammed (s.a.s): \u201cFakat e\u011fer isteseydiniz \u015f\u00f6yle diyebilirdiniz bu durumda hem do\u011fru s\u00f6ylemi\u015f olurdunuz hem de benim taraf\u0131mda muhakkak tasdik edilirdiniz:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2018Yalanlanm\u0131\u015f bir \u015fekilde bir \u015fekilde bize geldin de biz seni tasdik ettik. Horlanm\u0131\u015f olarak geldin, sana yard\u0131m ettik. Kovulmu\u015f olarak geldin, seni bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131k. Fakir olarak geldin, mal\u0131m\u0131zla destekledik. \u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cEy Ensar toplulu\u011fu! Ben, yan\u0131mda sizi M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131za ve ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131za g\u00fcvenirken, nefisleriniz, insanlar\u0131 \u0130sl\u00e2m \u2019a \u0131s\u0131nd\u0131rmak i\u00e7in verdi\u011fim d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ye\u015fertisine mi meyletti?\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cEy Ensar toplulu\u011fu! \u0130nsanlar, koyunlar ve develerle giderken siz Allah\u2019\u0131n Res\u00fbluyle yurdunuza d\u00f6nmekten raz\u0131 de\u011fil misiniz? Muhammed\u2019in can\u0131 elinde olan Allah\u2019a yemin olsun ki, e\u011fer hicretin fazileti olmasayd\u0131 muhakkak ben Ensar\u2019dan olurdum. \u015eayet b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar bir y\u00f6ne, Ensar taifesi bir y\u00f6ne giderse \u015f\u00fcphesiz ben Ensar toplulu\u011funun yolundan giderim.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Rabbim! Ensar toplumuna, onlar\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na ve torunlar\u0131na rahmet eyle!\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bunun \u00fczerine Ensar toplulu\u011fu sakallar\u0131 \u0131slan\u0131ncaya kadar a\u011flayarak dediler ki:<\/p>\n

\u201cBiz nasibimiz ve pay\u0131m\u0131z olarak Res\u00fblullah\u2019a raz\u0131 olduk\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hatibin \u00d6zellikleri Bak\u0131m\u0131ndan Hutbenin Tahlili<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kararl\u0131l\u0131k ve Metanet:<\/strong> Bu hutbeyi de\u011ferlendirirken esas ilgi alan\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatacak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde hutbenin \u00f6ncesinde ve sonras\u0131nda meydana gelen olaylar\u0131 hat\u0131rlatmakta fayda vard\u0131r. Peygamberimiz, Huneyn sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonra elde edilen ganimetleri da\u011f\u0131t\u0131rken, kalplerini \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019a \u0131s\u0131nd\u0131rmak i\u00e7in, hen\u00fcz yeni M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmu\u015f Arap kabile mensuplar\u0131na, \u00f6zellikle de hayat\u0131 boyunca \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019la m\u00fccadele etmi\u015f d\u00fcnya mal\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcn Kurey\u015f mensuplar\u0131na \u00f6ncelik vermi\u015ftir. Aralar\u0131nda Eb\u00fb S\u00fcfyan, onun o\u011flu Muaviye ve Safvan b. \u00dcmeyye\u2019nin bulundu\u011fu Mekke ileri gelenlerine y\u00fczer deve pay vermi\u015fti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Yeni M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olanlar, ganimet i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7aba ve gayret sarf ediyorlard\u0131. \u00d6yle ki baz\u0131lar\u0131, ganimetten daha fazla pay alabilmek ad\u0131na Allah\u2019\u0131n peygamberini adaletsizlikle su\u00e7layacak, c\u00fcbbesini \u00e7eki\u015ftirecek kadar kaba ve sayg\u0131s\u0131z davrand\u0131lar.\u00a0 Kaba ve sayg\u0131s\u0131z tutumlar\u0131na ra\u011fmen onlara ganimetten pay vermeye devam etti. \u0130lk etapta peygamberimizin bu tutumunu anlamakta g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck \u00e7eken, aralar\u0131nda Ensar\u2019\u0131n da bulundu\u011fu samimi m\u00fcminler, onun davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 yad\u0131rgad\u0131lar. Buna ra\u011fmen O, \u2018m\u00fcellefet\u00fc\u2019l-kulub\u2019a<\/strong> ganimet da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131nda \u00f6zel muamele yapmaya devam etti. Kalplerinde iman\u0131n yerle\u015fti\u011fi insanlar\u0131 ise, manevi zenginlikleriyle ba\u015f ba\u015fa b\u0131rakmay\u0131 tercih etti.\u00a0 Tutumunun do\u011frulu\u011funu da gayet zarif bir lisanla onlara anlatt\u0131. O s\u00f6z\u00fcnde ve davran\u0131\u015f\u0131nda metanetli ve kararl\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u201cAllah\u2019\u0131n rahmeti sayesinde sen onlara kar\u015f\u0131 yumu\u015fak davrand\u0131n. E\u011fer kaba, kat\u0131 y\u00fcrekli olsayd\u0131n, onlar senin etraf\u0131ndan da\u011f\u0131l\u0131p giderlerdi. Art\u0131k sen onlar\u0131 affet. Onlar i\u00e7in Allah\u2019tan ba\u011f\u0131\u015flama dile. \u0130\u015f konusunda onlarla m\u00fc\u015favere et. Bir kere de karar verip azmettin mi, art\u0131k Allah\u2019a tevekk\u00fcl et, (ona dayan\u0131p g\u00fcven). \u015e\u00fcphesiz Allah, tevekk\u00fcl edenleri sever. \u201d (Al-i \u0130mran:159)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Anlay\u0131\u015f ve Samimiyet:<\/strong> Ensar\u2019da meydana gelen \u015f\u00fcphe ganimet al\u0131p alamamaktan ziyade, kendilerinin \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019a hizmetleri konusundaki dereceleri ile ganimeti do\u011fru orant\u0131l\u0131 g\u00f6rmelerinden kaynaklan\u0131yordu. Hz. Peygamber, hen\u00fcz M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmu\u015f Araplardan g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sayg\u0131s\u0131z tutum kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda sekiz y\u0131ld\u0131r kendisiyle birlikte her t\u00fcrl\u00fc fedak\u00e2rl\u0131\u011fa katlanan Ensar\u2019\u0131n \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fclerinden kaynaklanan incitici tav\u0131rlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda en ufak bir sars\u0131nt\u0131 ya\u015famadan onlarla samimi ve engin bir anlay\u0131\u015fla meseleyi konu\u015fmu\u015ftur. B\u00fct\u00fcn i\u00e7tenli\u011fiyle, onlarla empati kurarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcklerini, hatta ak\u0131llar\u0131na bile gelmeyeni bizzat kendisi a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde ifade ederek onlara hitap etmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hak ve Adalet Duygusu:<\/strong> Hz. Muhammed\u2019in (s.a.s.) hicretiyle Medine Arap yar\u0131madas\u0131n\u0131n merkezlerinden birisi haline geldi. Peygamberimiz, g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcn Medinelilere neler kazand\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 soru cevap y\u00f6ntemiyle ve beli\u011f bir \u00fcslupla kendilerine anlatt\u0131. Ensar, dinledikleri yal\u0131n ger\u00e7ekleri \u015fu \u00f6zl\u00fc s\u00f6zle tasdik ettiler:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cEvet. Allah ve Res\u00fblu en b\u00fcy\u00fck l\u00fctuf ve ihsan sahibidir. \u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Peygamberimizin hakikati vurgulamak ad\u0131na sordu\u011fu sorular, ilk etapta minnet duygusu olu\u015fturmaya y\u00f6nelik oldu\u011fu hissi uyand\u0131rabilir. Ancak s\u00f6z\u00fcn devam\u0131nda muhataplar\u0131n\u0131n en muar\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n bile ancak akl\u0131na gelebilecek, kendisine yap\u0131lan iyilikleri de \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k bir bi\u00e7imde sayarak aralar\u0131ndaki yak\u0131nl\u0131k ve fedak\u00e2rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 vurgulamak istedi\u011fini anl\u0131yoruz. Res\u00fblullah \u00fcst\u00fcn bir vefa duygusuyla, hakk\u0131, hi\u00e7 kimsenin akl\u0131nda en ufak bir \u015f\u00fcpheye yer b\u0131rakmayacak bir adalet anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde anlatarak aralar\u0131ndaki ortak duyguyu peki\u015ftiriyor:<\/p>\n

\u201cFakat e\u011fer isteseydiniz \u015f\u00f6yle diyebilirdiniz bu durumda hem do\u011fru s\u00f6ylemi\u015f oludunuz hem de benim taraf\u0131mda muhakkak tasdik edilirdiniz… \u201d<\/p>\n

Hatibe ve dinleyicilere g\u00fc\u00e7 veren bu ortak zemin ve tecr\u00fcbe hak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcleri dahilinde belirtildikten ve tasdik edildikten sonra ileti\u015fim elbette \u00e7ok daha kolayla\u015facakt\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc s\u00f6zdeki y\u00fccelik dinleyiciler taraf\u0131ndan a\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f gibi onlarda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir co\u015fku ve heyecan meydana getirir.\u00a0 Peygamberimiz, bu yumu\u015fak ve kadir\u015finas tutumuyla onlar ad\u0131na soru sormas\u0131 ve bunlara cevaplar vermesi kalplerdeki b\u00fct\u00fcn \u015f\u00fcpheleri izale eden bir kuvvete sahiptir.<\/p>\n

Muhatap A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Hutbenin \u00d6zellikleri<\/strong><\/p>\n

Muhatab\u0131 Tan\u0131mak ve Ona De\u011fer Vermek: <\/strong>Peygamberimizin hitap etti\u011fi ki\u015fiyi tan\u0131ma prensibine daha \u00f6nce de\u011finmi\u015ftik. Bu hutbe i\u00e7in Ensar\u2019\u0131 toplamakla g\u00f6revlendirdi\u011fi Sa\u2019d b. \u2018Ubade\u2019ye hutbe mahalline onlardan ba\u015fka kimseyi almamas\u0131n\u0131 tembihledi. Kendisi de hitap i\u00e7in gitti\u011finde: <\/span>\u201cAran\u0131zda sizin d\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131zda kimse var m\u0131?\u201d<\/strong> sorusunu sordu ve Ensar\u2019dan ba\u015fka kimsenin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olduktan sonra konu\u015fmas\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu hutbede onlara mahsus bir konu konu\u015fulacakt\u0131. Allah\u2019a hamd ve senadan sonra dinleyicilerini tan\u0131mlayan ve onlar\u0131 onurland\u0131ran<\/span>, \u2018Ey Ensar toplulu\u011fu!\u2019<\/strong> nidas\u0131yla ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmas\u0131 boyunca bu ifadeyi tekrarlad\u0131. Onlar\u0131n faziletlerini sayarak onlar\u0131n \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019a ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 ve sadakatleri sebebiyle kendi yan\u0131ndaki konumlar\u0131n\u0131 ve de\u011ferlerini onlara hat\u0131rlatt\u0131 ve bu konuma uygun olarak onlara hitap etti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Muhataplar\u0131n\u0131 Toplamak:<\/strong> Peygamberimiz, s\u00f6zlerinin ve duygular\u0131n\u0131n daha iyi anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve samimi bir ileti\u015fim ortam\u0131 olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in Ensar\u2019\u0131n bir \u00e7ad\u0131rda toplanmas\u0131n\u0131 istedi. Dinleyicilerin toplu bir \u015fekilde durmas\u0131 hatibin duygular\u0131n\u0131 daha co\u015fkulu bir \u015fekilde onlara aktarmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu\u011funu hat\u0131rlamakta fayda vard\u0131r. Sadece Ensar\u2019\u0131n ileri gelenlerini de\u011fil, bu hutbenin \u00eerad\u0131na neden olan ku\u015fku ve \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fcy\u00fc ta\u015f\u0131yan gen\u00e7 veya ya\u015fl\u0131 herkesi bu mek\u00e2nda bir araya getirdi. Diyalo\u011fun s\u0131hhatine zarar verecek veya yanl\u0131\u015f anlamalara mahal verebilecek farkl\u0131 hi\u00e7 kimsenin ortamda bulunmas\u0131na izin vermedi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bel\u00e2gat A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Hutbenin \u00d6zellikleri<\/strong><\/p>\n

H\u00fcsn-\u00fc \u0130btida:<\/strong> Ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir hutbenin en belirgin \u00f6zelliklerinden birisinin etkileyici bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftik. Hutbeye g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir giri\u015fin \u015fartlar\u0131 \u015f\u00fcphesiz konuya, yere ve muhataplar\u0131n durumuna g\u00f6re k\u0131sacas\u0131 muktazay-\u0131 hale g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterebilir. Peygamberimiz, genellikle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi Allah\u2019a hamd ve senadan sonra muhataplar\u0131n\u0131n akl\u0131n\u0131, duygular\u0131n\u0131 ve vicdan\u0131n\u0131 harekete ge\u00e7iren \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 sorularla hitab\u0131na ba\u015flamaktad\u0131r. Muhataplar\u0131n\u0131n sorularda dile getirdi\u011fi hakikatlerle bulu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi onlar\u0131n ge\u00e7ici hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan uyanmalar\u0131na neden oldu. Hz. Muhammed (s.a.s.), bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n cevaplar\u0131n\u0131 bizzat kendisinin verdi\u011fi sorularla son derece kibar bir \u015fekilde Ensar\u2019\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 duygu ve ku\u015fkular\u0131n aralar\u0131ndaki sa\u011flam ba\u011flara kar\u015f\u0131 bir vefas\u0131zl\u0131k oldu\u011funu da ihsas ediyor. Zira akl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir m\u00fcmin peygamberi vesilesiyle hidayete ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve Medine halk\u0131n\u0131n kendi aralar\u0131ndaki kin ve d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bitti\u011fini, daha \u00f6nce s\u0131radan bir \u015fehirken \u0130sl\u00e2m devletinin makarr-\u0131 saltanat\u0131 oldu\u011funu tasdik edecektir. B\u00f6ylece bu sorular ve cevaplar daha sonra s\u00f6ylenecek \u00f6nemli fikirler i\u00e7in onlar\u0131 tamamen haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmekteyiz. Unutmamal\u0131 ki, hatibin dinleyiciler taraf\u0131ndan ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 muhtemel sorular\u0131 do\u011fal bir bi\u00e7imde ortaya koyarak onlara cevap vermesi hitabetin ikna g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc ve y\u00fcceli\u011fini peki\u015ftirir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Husn-u \u0130ntiha:<\/strong> Ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir hutbeyi sonland\u0131ran s\u00f6z veya s\u00f6zler dinleyicilerin akl\u0131nda uzun s\u00fcre kalabilecek d\u00fczeyde \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 ve veciz olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu hutbenin son s\u00f6zlerine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda peygamberimizin yaln\u0131z Ensar\u2019\u0131n \u015f\u00fcphesini gidermekle iktifa etmedi\u011fini g\u00f6rmekteyiz. Onlara yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 dua, orada mevcut olanlar\u0131 kapsayacak \u015fekilde b\u00fct\u00fcn Ensar\u2019a hatta onlar\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 ve torunlar\u0131n\u0131 da i\u00e7ine almaktad\u0131r. Hz. Muhammed (s.a.s.), sadece Ensar\u2019\u0131 de\u011fil onlar\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 ve torunlar\u0131n\u0131 da sevdi\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir. Peygamberin duas\u0131 onlara s\u00fck\u00fbnet ve sek\u00eenet bah\u015fetmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c…ve onlara dua et. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc senin duan onlar i\u00e7in s\u00fck\u00fbnettir (Onlar\u0131n kalplerini yat\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.) Allah, hakk\u0131yla i\u015fitendir, hakk\u0131yla bilendir. \u201d (Tevbe: 103)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Duadan hemen \u00f6nceki s\u00f6z de kalblere nak\u015folabilecek kadar onurland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u015eayet b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar bir y\u00f6ne, Ensar taifesi bir y\u00f6ne giderse \u015f\u00fcphesiz ben Ensar toplulu\u011funun yolundan giderim. \u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu s\u00f6zler ba\u015fta Ensar olmak \u00fczere ona \u015fahit olan Enes b. Malik taraf\u0131ndan gelecek nesillere aktar\u0131larak \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u0130kna G\u00fcc\u00fc ve Y\u00fcksek Fikirler:<\/strong> Aristo\u2019ya g\u00f6re hitabetin \u00fc\u00e7 sacaya\u011f\u0131ndan birincisi, tasdiki hedefleyen ikna faaliyeti ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak delillerle fikirler olu\u015fturabilmektir. \u0130kincisi, bu do\u011frultuda geli\u015fen bir dil ve \u00fcslup in\u015fas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan hutbeye bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda \u015funu g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. Hz peygamber dinleyicilerinin akl\u0131na, kalbine, duygular\u0131na en g\u00fczel hitabet ve bel\u00e2gat unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak hitap ediyor. Olduk\u00e7a veciz bir konu\u015fmayla onlar\u0131n ku\u015fkular\u0131n\u0131 izale ediyor ve g\u00f6n\u00fcllerini kazan\u0131yor.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ensar\u2019\u0131 endi\u015felendiren ve \u00f6fkelendiren iki ana saik vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

Ganimetten pay almay\u0131, manevi konumun ve peygambere yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir yans\u0131mas\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirmeleri ve Peygamberimizin Kurey\u015f mensuplar\u0131na ganimetten y\u00fcksek pay vermesini, onun tekrar Mekke\u2019ye yerle\u015febilece\u011finin bir i\u015fareti olarak de\u011ferlendirmeleridir.<\/p>\n

Hz. Muhammed (s.a.s.), ilk d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerinin yersizli\u011fini, fazla ganimetin kalpleri \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019a \u0131s\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lmaya muhta\u00e7 ki\u015filere verildi\u011fini, sadakatleri ve manevi dereceleri y\u00fcksek olanlar\u0131n buna muhta\u00e7 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirttikten sonra Ensar\u2019\u0131n yararl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 sayd\u0131. \u0130kinci endi\u015fenin ge\u00e7ersizli\u011fini de \u015fu muhte\u015fem benzetmeyle anlatt\u0131:<\/p>\n

\u201cEy Ensar toplulu\u011fu! \u0130nsanlar, koyunlar ve develerle giderken siz Allah\u2019\u0131n Res\u00fbluyle yurdunuza d\u00f6nmekten raz\u0131 de\u011fil misiniz?\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylece kalplerindeki \u00f6fke, keder ve ku\u015fkular\u0131 k\u00f6k\u00fcnden s\u00f6k\u00fcp ald\u0131. Bu ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n en a\u00e7\u0131k g\u00f6stergesi, muhataplar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6z\u00fcn sonunda sakallar\u0131 \u0131slan\u0131ncaya kadar a\u011flamalar\u0131 ve \u015f\u00f6yle demeleridir:<\/p>\n

\u201cBiz nasibimiz ve pay\u0131m\u0131z olarak Res\u00fblullah\u2019a raz\u0131 olduk\u201d.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Buradaki ikna \u00e7abas\u0131nda, y\u00fcksek fikirler ve edebi \u00fcslubun yan\u0131nda as\u0131l etkili olan hi\u00e7 ku\u015fkusuz peygamberimizin iman, sadakat, samimiyet, vefa, m\u00fcminlere kar\u015f\u0131 engin \u015fefkat ve merhamet gibi ahl\u00e2ki faziletleridir.<\/p>\n

\u0130stifham:<\/strong> Soru sormak, hatibin h\u00e2kimiyetini artt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi dinleyenlerin zihinsel ve duygusal olarak konuya odaklanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yor. B\u00f6ylece muhataplar\u0131 hitab\u0131n hedefi do\u011frultusunda y\u00f6nlendirilmeleri kolayla\u015f\u0131yor. Ama\u00e7l\u0131 olarak sorulan sorulara verilen ikna edici cevaplar, muhatab\u0131n konuyu daha net anlamas\u0131 ve kalben mutmain olmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 oluyor. Peygamberimiz hutbenin ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren bir\u00e7ok soru soruyor. Olumsuz kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 imk\u00e2ns\u0131z sorular. Sadece kendisi ad\u0131na de\u011fil muhataplar\u0131 ad\u0131na da adil bir bi\u00e7imde hedefli sorular sorarak cevaplar\u0131n\u0131 da onlar\u0131n tasdikiyle bizzat kendisi veriyor. Soru tekrar\u0131n\u0131n ve sorularda olu\u015fan mukabele ve ahengin, dinleyiciler \u00fczerinde b\u00fcy\u00fcleyici bir etki meydana getirdi\u011fi net bir bi\u00e7imde anla\u015f\u0131labiliyor.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u201cSize geldi\u011fimde yolunuzu \u015fa\u015f\u0131rm\u0131\u015f bir haldeyken Allah size do\u011fru yolu g\u00f6stermedi mi? Fakirken Allah sizi zenginle\u015ftirmedi mi? Birbirinize d\u00fc\u015fman oldu\u011funuz halde Allah kalplerinizi birle\u015ftirmedi mi?\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kasem:<\/strong> Peygamberimizin s\u00f6z ve \u00fcslup \u00f6zelliklerini anlat\u0131rken Kasem\u2019in \u00f6nemine de\u011finmi\u015ftik. Bu hutbede nebev\u00ee bel\u00e2gatta s\u0131k rastlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bir kina\u00ee yemin ifadesi vard\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cMuhammed\u2019in can\u0131 elinde olan (Allah)\u2019a yemin olsun ki\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu yemin ifadesinde lafzatullah ge\u00e7memektedir. Onun yerine, \u201cMuhammed\u2019in can\u0131 elinde olan\u201d kina\u00ee ifadesiyle yaratan ve ya\u015fatan Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2 kastedilmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u00dcsmetullah Sami \u201cArap Dili Bel\u00e2gat\u0131 Ve Retorik A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Hz. Muhammed (S.A.S.)\u2018\u0130n Hutbeleri\u201d adl\u0131 Y.lisans tezinden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Peygamber Efendimiz Hz. Muhammed (s.a.s.), Huneyn sava\u015f\u0131nda elde edilen ganimeti Kurey\u015fin de i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu Arap kabilelerine da\u011f\u0131tm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ganimetten kendilerine pay verilmeyen Ensar grubu bu durumdan rahats\u0131z olmu\u015f ve bu konuda Hz. Peygamberi t\u00f6hmet alt\u0131nda b\u0131rakacak \u015fekilde kendi aralar\u0131nda dedikodu yapmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131. \u0130\u015f Peygamberimizin kendi kabilesi olan Kurey\u015f\u2019i kay\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyecek noktaya vard\u0131. Baz\u0131 gen\u00e7leri: \u201cK\u0131l\u0131\u00e7lar\u0131m\u0131zdan h\u00e2l\u00e2 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2702,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,5],"tags":[801,761,779,800,392,103,213],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2701"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2701"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2701\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2703,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2701\/revisions\/2703"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2702"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2701"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2701"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2701"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}