Warning: include_once(wp-content\plugins\wp-super-cache/wp-cache-phase1.php): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/advanced-cache.php on line 20

Warning: include_once(): Failed opening 'wp-content\plugins\wp-super-cache/wp-cache-phase1.php' for inclusion (include_path='.:/opt/cpanel/ea-php70/root/usr/share/pear') in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/advanced-cache.php on line 20

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; ads125_widget has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-ads.php on line 8

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; ads120_90_widget has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-ads.php on line 129

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; ads120_60_widget has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-ads.php on line 250

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; ads120_600_widget has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-ads.php on line 372

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; ads120_240_widget has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-ads.php on line 493

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; ads160_600_widget has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-ads.php on line 613

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; ads300_600_widget has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-ads.php on line 721

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; ads250_250_widget has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-ads.php on line 830

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; ads300_100_widget has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-ads.php on line 942

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; ads300_250_widget has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-ads.php on line 1054

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; tie_video_widget has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-video.php on line 7

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; tie_posts_list has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-posts.php on line 6

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; tie_login_widget has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-login.php on line 6

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; tie_google_widget has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-google.php on line 7

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; tie_widget_tabs has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-tabbed.php on line 7

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; tie_flickr_photos has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-flickr.php on line 7

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; tie_author_widget has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-author.php on line 7

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; author_post_widget has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-author.php on line 68

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; tie_social_widget has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-social.php on line 6

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; tie_search has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-search.php on line 6

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; tie_slider has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-slider.php on line 6

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; TIE_WeatherWidget has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-weather.php on line 220

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; tie_youtube_widget has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-youtube.php on line 7

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; tie_Latest_Tweets has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-twitter.php on line 7

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; tie_timeline_widget has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-timeline.php on line 6

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; tie_facebook_widget has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-facebook.php on line 7

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; tie_categort_posts has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-category.php on line 6

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; tie_news_pic has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-news-pic.php on line 6

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; tie_text_html has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-text-html.php on line 6

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; tie_feedburner_widget has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-feedburner.php on line 6

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; tie_soundcloud has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-soundcloud.php on line 6

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; tie_author_custom has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-author-custom.php on line 6

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; tie_Author_Bio has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-custom-author.php on line 6

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; tie_authors_posts has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-authors-posts.php on line 6

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; tie_comments_avatar has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/widgets/widget-comments-avatar.php on line 6

Deprecated: Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; arqam_lite_counter_widget has a deprecated constructor in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/themes/sahifa/framework/functions/arqam-lite.php on line 736

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/advanced-cache.php:20) in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1794

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/advanced-cache.php:20) in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1794

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/advanced-cache.php:20) in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1794

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/advanced-cache.php:20) in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1794

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/advanced-cache.php:20) in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1794

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/advanced-cache.php:20) in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1794

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/advanced-cache.php:20) in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1794

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-content/advanced-cache.php:20) in /home/cihans5/kocar.org/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1794
{"id":2724,"date":"2015-04-08T09:31:01","date_gmt":"2015-04-08T09:31:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/?p=2724"},"modified":"2015-04-08T09:31:01","modified_gmt":"2015-04-08T09:31:01","slug":"medineden-lozana-taha-akyol","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/yazilar\/medineden-lozana-taha-akyol\/","title":{"rendered":"Medineden Lozana – Taha Akyol"},"content":{"rendered":"\u0130<\/span>slamc\u0131 kesimden baz\u0131 yazarlar, \u201c\u00e7ok hukuklu sistem\u201d<\/strong> istiyorlar ve bunu da Peygamberimizin \u201cMedine S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u201d<\/strong>ne dayand\u0131r\u0131yorlar; Bug\u00fcn de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de dindarlar, laikler, aleviler, s\u00fcnniler, h\u0131ristiyanlar, museviler, ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 \u201chukuk topluluklar\u0131\u201d haline getirilmeli ve \u201ckendi hukuklar\u0131n\u0131\u201d ya\u015famak \u00fczere b\u00f6yle bir s\u00f6zle\u015fme yapmal\u0131d\u0131rlar! Medine S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019nden Lozan Antla\u015fmas\u0131na kadar hukuk nas\u0131l bir de\u011fi\u015fim \u00e7izgisi izledi? Tanzimat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n, Mecelle yazar\u0131 Ahmet Cevdet Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n, Abd\u00fclhamit\u2019in, \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7izgisi nedir? \u0130slam\u2019da i\u00e7tihat, \u00e7ok e\u015fli evlenme ve din hukuk ili\u015fkisi hangi boyutlarda? Lozan\u2019da Venizalos ile \u0130smet Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n \u201chukuk\u201dsava\u015f\u0131? Devleti, \u201chukuk kabileleri federasyonuna\u201d d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek ne gibi sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furur. \u0130\u015fte bu kitap b\u00fct\u00fcn bu meselelere elden geldi\u011fince tarih \u00e7izgisinde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler getirmeye ve irdelemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamberin Medine\u2019deki Yahudi ve m\u00fc\u015frik (putperest) kabilelerle imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Medine Vesikas\u0131 ile imzac\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn taraflara kendi hukukuna g\u00f6re ya\u015fama hakk\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. \u00d6yleyse, \u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda da etnik, dini, ideolojik gruplara da kendi hukuklar\u0131n\u0131 se\u00e7me \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131yarak \u201cbir arada ya\u015faman\u0131n form\u00fcl\u00fc\u201d ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilir mi?<\/p>\n

Bu ger\u00e7ek Medine S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019nde \u015fu \u015fekilde ifade edilmi\u015ftir; \u201cYahudi\u2019lerin dinleri kendilerine, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n dinleri kendilerine\u201d <\/strong>denmektedir. Bu, Mekke\u2019de inmi\u015f olan \u201csizin dininiz size, bizim dinimiz bize\u201d<\/strong> ayetine de paraleldir.<\/p>\n

Meselenin F\u0131khi ve Dini Boyutu ve \u0130slam\u2019da \u0130\u00e7tihad:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015eeriatin emretmedi\u011fi, yasaklamad\u0131\u011f\u0131, sadece izin verdi\u011fi bir konuda devlet \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re rasyonel d\u00fczenlemeler yapabilir mi? Hatta \u015eeriatin emretti\u011fi yahut yasaklad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00fcnyevi konuda devlet \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re farkl\u0131 bir d\u00fczenleme yapabilir mi? Bu konuda Hukuk-u Aile Kararnamesinin (HAK)\u2019\u0131n mazbatas\u0131nda \u201ccaizde devletin tasarrufu\u201d savunulurken verilen bir \u00f6rnek, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcklerin velileri taraf\u0131ndan evlendirilmesi konusudur. \u015eeriat buna izin veriyordu. HAK ise k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcklerin evlendirilmesini yasaklam\u0131\u015f ve Ulemadan da bir itiraz gelmemi\u015ftir. \u00d6yleyse, \u015feriatin izin verdi\u011fi \u00e7ok e\u015fli evlenmeyi de devletin yasaklamas\u0131 neden m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmas\u0131n?!<\/p>\n

Bir di\u011fer \u00f6rnek ise; eski \u00e7a\u011flar\u0131n \u015fartlar\u0131nda \u015eeriat k\u00f6leli\u011fi \u201ccaiz\u201d saym\u0131\u015f, ama \u00e7ok e\u015fli evlenmede oldu\u011fu gibi, \u201c k\u00f6leli\u011fin kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 tahdit edip k\u00f6le sahibi olmay\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131rarak\u201d, k\u00f6lelere yeni haklar tan\u0131yarak ve k\u00f6le azad\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck sevap sayarak asl\u0131nda k\u00f6lelikten ar\u0131nmay\u0131 tavsiye etmi\u015ftir. Osmanl\u0131da da k\u00f6lelik yasakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman hi\u00e7bir \u015eer\u2019i itirazla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u201cCaizde devletin tasarruf yetkisi\u201d bak\u0131m\u0131ndan Hz. \u00d6mer\u2019in bir d\u00fczenlemesi de \u00e7ok ilgin\u00e7tir: Kur\u2019an\u0131 Kerim, Maide suresinin 6.ayetinde M\u00fcslaman erkeklerin H\u0131ristiyan ve Yahudi kad\u0131nlarla evlenmelerinin \u201chelal\u201d oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir. Bu ayete ra\u011fmen Hz. \u00d6mer, gayrim\u00fcslim kad\u0131nlarla evlenmeyi yasaklam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve bunu yaparken de ba\u015fka bir dini kurala de\u011fil, s\u0131rf de\u011fi\u015fen sosyal \u015fartlara dayanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hatta Hz. \u00d6mer, ganimet konusundaki Kur\u2019an ayetini, de\u011fi\u015fen \u015fartlar\u0131 dikkate alarak uygulamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ayet, \u201ccaiz\u201d bile de\u011fil, emir niteli\u011findeydi. Ama Hz. \u00d6mer, yeni d\u00fcnyevi ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 gerek\u00e7e g\u00f6stermi\u015f ve ganimet olarak elde edilen Irak arazisini ayete g\u00f6re gazilere da\u011f\u0131tmam\u0131\u015f, \u201cmaslahat\u201d\u0131, yani kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zeterek, \u2018ikta\u2019 etmi\u015ftir, yani oldu\u011fu gibi eski sahiplerine b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015f ve vergiye ba\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 Deneyi:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Fatih\u2019in sistemle\u015ftirip devlet i\u00e7in bir \u2018esas te\u015fkilat hukuku\u2019 kaidesi haline getirdi\u011fi \u201cmillet\u201d (dini cemaat) \u201c\u00e7ok hukuklu sistem\u201d idi; her dini cemaat dini y\u00f6netim te\u015fkilat\u0131na sahipti, kendi dini liderleri taraf\u0131ndan dini kurallara g\u00f6re idare ediliyordu. Yarg\u0131 meselesi ve hukuk da dinlere g\u00f6re farkl\u0131la\u015f\u0131yordu. \u2018Millet\u2019 denilen dini cemaatlerin ruhani reisleri devlet taraf\u0131ndan atan\u0131yor, cemaatin devletle olan ili\u015fkileri bu kanalla y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n

Fakat tarihin belli laboratuvar \u015fartlar\u0131ndan Osmanl\u0131 i\u00e7in bir g\u00fc\u00e7 ve sosyal dayanak fakt\u00f6r\u00fc olan \u201cmillet\u201d sistemi yani \u00e7ok hukuklu sistem zamanla ciddi sorunlar\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Ger\u00e7ekten bir d\u00f6nem itibariyle Osmanl\u0131 devletinin geli\u015ftirip kurumla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 dini cemaat \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Devlet-I Aliyenin 500 y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn en temel sebeplerinden biridir. Ancak bu durum Frans\u0131z ihtilali kebirinin b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyaya yayd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ulus fikrinin zamanla Osmanl\u0131y\u0131 da etkilemesi sonucu \u201cmillet\u201d sistemi yani \u201c\u00e7ok hukuklu sistem\u201d H\u0131ristiyan tebaan\u0131n ve di\u011fer az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n ayr\u0131 birer ulus olma yolunda haz\u0131r bir temel zemin haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f ve Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n par\u00e7alanmas\u0131nda en belirgin fakt\u00f6r olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Kapit\u00fclasyonlar ve \u00c7ok Hukuk:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 devletinin tasfiyesi, topraklar\u0131n\u0131n payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrklerin Avrupa\u2019dan at\u0131lmas\u0131\u2026 Bu sorunlara Bat\u0131 siyasi literat\u00fcr\u00fcnde \u201c\u015eark Meselesi\u201d (Do\u011fu Sorunu) denilmi\u015ftir.\u201d\u015eark Meselesi\u201d tabirini ilk defa \u00c7ar Aleksand\u0131r, 1815\u2019teki Viyana Kongresi\u2019nde kulland\u0131. Napolyon sonras\u0131 Avrupa\u2019ya verilecek yeni d\u00fczenin konu\u015fuldu\u011fu kongrede \u00c7ar, \u201cOsmanl\u0131 devletinin idaresinde ya\u015fayan H\u0131ristiyan halk\u0131n durumuyla ilgilenilmesini\u201d ve b\u00f6ylece \u201c\u015eark Meselesi\u201dnin bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme ba\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 istedi. O g\u00fcnden beri, Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 bu yolda az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n durumu \u201c\u015eark Meselesi\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

21 Temmuz 1774\u2019te imzalanan K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Kaynarca<\/strong> antla\u015fmas\u0131 ile K\u0131r\u0131m, Osmanl\u0131dan ayr\u0131lacak, s\u00f6zde ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olacak ama K\u0131r\u0131m M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 \u201cdiyani\u201d bak\u0131mdan Osmanl\u0131 Halifesine ba\u011fl\u0131 kalacaklar. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, Osmanl\u0131 Ortodoks tebaas\u0131 ve Ortodoks kiliseleride Rus \u00c7ar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u201cdiyani\u201d himayesi alt\u0131nda bulunacakt\u0131. Rusya bu \u00f6nemli maddeyi kabul ettirerek i\u00e7 i\u015flerimize tam anlam\u0131yla m\u00fcdahele zeminini haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f bulunuyordu.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte en m\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcl bir problem haline gelen bu durumu Cevdet Pa\u015fa \u015fu \u015fekilde anlat\u0131r; Cevdet Pa\u015fa, yabanc\u0131lar\u0131n kendi hukuklar\u0131na ve mahkemelerine t\u00e2bi olmas\u0131 demek olan kapit\u00fclasyonlar\u0131n \u201cDevleti Aliyyece\u201d en m\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcl bir i\u015f ve alel husus, yarg\u0131lama bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ecnebilerin imtiyaz\u0131n\u0131n kabul edilmez bir keyfiyet ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtir ve \u00f6rnek verir; \u201c\u015eahid istenilir ve \u015eer\u2019iye mahkemeleride H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n \u015fahidli\u011fi dinlenmedi\u011finden, B\u00e2b\u0131\u00e2linin gayet sak\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u015fahitlik meselesi meydana \u00e7\u0131kar ve bu t\u00fcrl\u00fc davalar i\u00e7in ecnebiler \u015eer\u2019iye mahkemelerine gitmezler.\u201d<\/p>\n

Devletin genel zaaf\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda, kapit\u00fclasyonlar\u0131n (adli) konsoloslara ve Avrupa\u2019l\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ilere tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 yetkiler ve \u00e7ok hukuklu sistemden kaynaklanan sorunlar\u0131, Osmanl\u0131 devletinin egemenlik haklar\u0131n\u0131 yok mertebesine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Mecelle ve Yarg\u0131 Birli\u011fine Do\u011fru: <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte bu m\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcllerden sonra Osmanl\u0131 devlet adamlar\u0131 kendileri bir hukuk ve yarg\u0131 birli\u011fine gitme yollar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flar ve bu meselinin halli i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli tedbirler alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bunlardan ilki klasik \u0130slam hukukundaki \u201cfetva\u201d (doktrin) ve \u201ckaza\u201d (yarg\u0131lama) sisteminin art\u0131k yetersiz kalmas\u0131, \u00e7o\u011fu ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na cevap vermemesi\u2026Nitekim Mecelle, \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda, belli fas\u0131llar ve maddeler halinde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f ilk kanun derlemesi, yani kodifikasyondur; m\u00fcdevvanat\u2019t\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci olarak; Kanunlar\u0131n \u015fahsili\u011fi ilkesine, yani \u015fah\u0131slar\u0131n inan\u00e7lar\u0131na dayanan \u201c\u00e7ok hukuklu sistem\u201d yerine, m\u00fclkilik (\u00fclke) prensibine dayanan ve din fark\u0131 g\u00f6zetmeden \u2018\u00fclke\u2019deki herkes i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olacak kanun derlemesine (kodifikasyon) ihtiya\u00e7 duyulmu\u015ftur. Nitekim Mecelle, din ayr\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6zetmeden b\u00fct\u00fcn Osmanl\u0131 \u201cvatanda\u015f\u201dlar\u0131 i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli bir kanundur.<\/p>\n

Mecelle\u2019de hukuk ve yarg\u0131 birli\u011fine do\u011fru \u00f6nemli reformist maddeler getirilmi\u015ftir. Bu konuda g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz \u0130slam hukuk\u00e7usu Hayrettin Karaman HAK\u2019\u0131n bu \u00f6zelli\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekerek \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6ylemektedir;<\/p>\n

\u201cKararname, kanunla\u015ft\u0131rma sahas\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi, asr\u0131n i\u00e7tim\u00e2i ve iktisadi ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak \u00fczere getirdi\u011fi yeni h\u00fck\u00fcmler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da ileri bir merhaleyi temsil etmektedir.\u201d<\/p>\n

Nitekim 18 ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 doldurmam\u0131\u015f erke\u011fin ve 17 ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 doldurmam\u0131\u015f k\u0131z\u0131n evlenmesi, mahkeme iznine ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Eskiden k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckleri koruyucu b\u00f6yle bir h\u00fck\u00fcm yoktu. HAK\u2019ta \u00e7ok e\u015flili\u011fe bir s\u0131n\u0131rlama olmak \u00fczere, nikah s\u0131ras\u0131nda kad\u0131n taraf\u0131ndan kocas\u0131na tek e\u015flilik \u015fart\u0131n\u0131n ko\u015fulabilece\u011fi h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn getirilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir ad\u0131md\u0131r. \u0130slam hukukunda yer almayan ni\u015fanl\u0131l\u0131k h\u00fck\u00fcmleri ve nikahtan \u00f6nce ifa mecburiyeti de hukukumuza ilk defa HAK ile girmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Bu yenilikleri sayan Karaman diyor ki; \u201cZaman\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesi ile h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinde de\u011fi\u015febilece\u011fi, devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131n tercih etti\u011fi mezhep h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn tatbik edilebilece\u011fi gibi kaidelerden istifade edilerek tanzim edilmi\u015f, \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n ruhuna uygun maddelerdir. \u00c7ok-e\u015fli evlenmeye s\u0131n\u0131rlama getirirken HAK\u2019\u0131n dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 f\u0131khi gerek\u00e7e, dinin m\u00fcsaade etti\u011fi (caiz sayd\u0131\u011f\u0131) bir konuda da devletin yasak getirebilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesidir. Buna, \u201ccaizde devletin tasarruf yetkisi\u201d denilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Patrikhane ve Yarg\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Patrikhane aile hukuku alan\u0131ndaki yarg\u0131 yetkisiyle yetinmemi\u015f, Me\u015frutiyetten hemen sonra, sanki devlet i\u00e7inde devlet gibi geni\u015f bir yarg\u0131 hakk\u0131na sahip olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini savunmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ve \u0130\u015fgal Kuvvetleri: HAK, sadece kanun birli\u011fi sa\u011flamakla kalmam\u0131\u015f, aile hukuku sahas\u0131nda patrikhanenin yetkisini de kald\u0131rarak yarg\u0131 birli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131nda \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir ad\u0131m\u0131 te\u015fkil etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Rum ve Ermeni patrikhanelerinin bu alandaki yarg\u0131 yetkisi \u015eer\u2019iye mahkemelerine verilmi\u015f fakat mahkemeler \u015eeyh\u00fclislaml\u0131ktan al\u0131n\u0131p Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, genel yarg\u0131 sistemine ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu durum az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck tepkisini \u00e7ekmi\u015f ve HAK\u2019\u0131n sonunu haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131 sava\u015fta ma\u011flup olmu\u015f \u0130ttihat ve Terakki iktidardan d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f ve yerine H\u00fcrriyet ve \u0130ttifak gelmi\u015ftir. Bu ortamda i\u015fgal kuvvetleri HAK\u2019\u0131 \u0130stanbul\u2019da t\u00fcmden y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131r\u0131rken Suriye\u2019de sadece ruhani reislerin yarg\u0131 yetkisini iptal eden maddeleri y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131rmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir ve yarg\u0131 yetkisinin ne kadar stratejik oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

Sevr Yolunda \u00c7ok Hukuk:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 itilaf devletlerinin zaferiyle sonu\u00e7lan\u0131nca galipler bar\u0131\u015f i\u00e7in dayatacaklar\u0131 \u015fartlar\u0131 haz\u0131rlamak i\u00e7in Paris\u2019te, Londra\u2019da ve San Remo\u2019da bir dizi konferans d\u00fczenlediler. Sonunda ortakla\u015fa bir karara vararak Sevr antla\u015fmas\u0131na \u015fu maddenin konulmas\u0131 \u00f6nerilir;<\/p>\n

Padi\u015fahlar\u0131n gayrim\u00fcslim topluluklara \u201caz\u0131nl\u0131klara\u201d \u00f6zel ferman ve beratlarla verdikleri ve 1839 Tanzimat Ferman\u0131, 1856 Islahat Ferman\u0131 gibi padi\u015fah iradesiyle teyid edilen kilise, okul ve yarg\u0131 i\u015flemlerine ili\u015fkin ayr\u0131cal\u0131k ve ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131n tekrar verilmesi.\u201d<\/p>\n

Lozan\u2019da Adli Kapit\u00fclasyonlar:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kapit\u00fclasyonlar Lozan\u2019da \u00e7ok tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hatta m\u00fczakerelerin kesilmesinde kapit\u00fclasyonlar konusundaki anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck rol\u00fc olmu\u015ftur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc kapit\u00fclasyonlar konusu hem \u00fclkelerin b\u00fcy\u00fck iktisadi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 ile ilgiliydi hem T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in yakla\u015f\u0131k bir as\u0131rd\u0131r m\u00fccadele etti\u011fi bir egemenlik sorunuydu.<\/p>\n

Lozan\u2019da \u0130ngiltere ve M\u00fcttefikleri kapit\u00fclasyonlar\u0131n art\u0131k savunulamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmi\u015fler ama onun yerine \u0130smet Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n deyimiyle \u201cad\u0131 kapit\u00fclasyon olmayan ama kapit\u00fclasyonlarda bile g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f h\u00fck\u00fcmler ta\u015f\u0131yan\u201d bir rejimi savunurken iki gerek\u00e7e ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015flerdir:<\/p>\n

1.T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de adalet sistemi k\u00f6t\u00fc, hakimlerin bilgisi yetersiz,<\/p>\n

2.T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ya\u015fayanlar \u015feriata dayan\u0131yor eksik ve yetersiz,<\/p>\n

M\u00fcsl\u00fcman yasalar\u0131na h\u0131ristiyanlar t\u00e2bi tutulamaz.<\/p>\n

Bu iki gerek\u00e7eyle \u0130ngiltere ve M\u00fcttefikleri kapit\u00fclasyonlardaki \u201cKonsolos Mahkemeleri\u201d ve adliyedeki \u201cterc\u00fcmanlar\u201d sultas\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na, bunlar\u0131n yerine \u201cAvrupal\u0131 Yarg\u0131\u00e7lar\u0131n\u201d konulmas\u0131n\u0131 istemektedirler.<\/p>\n

Ve Sona Do\u011fru:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yeni T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin liderleri Avrupa\u2019dan bir medeni kanun almay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrken i\u00e7inde bulunduklar\u0131 ortam \u015fudur: Az\u0131nl\u0131k temsilcilerinin kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 karma komisyonlarda az\u0131nl\u0131klar i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 kanunlar haz\u0131rlan\u0131yor; bu konuda son s\u00f6z\u00fc Avrupal\u0131 \u201c\u00fcst hakem\u201d s\u00f6yleyecektir\u2026Avrupal\u0131 dan\u0131\u015fmanlar T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin hukuk d\u00fczenini incelemek i\u00e7in \u00fclkemize gelmi\u015f, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ortamda Milli M\u00fccadele\u2019nin i\u00e7inden \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f yeni liderler bunlara s\u00fcratle bir son vermek i\u00e7in din ve mezhepleri ne olursa olsun b\u00fct\u00fcn vatanda\u015flar hakk\u0131nda ge\u00e7erli olacak, bat\u0131n\u0131n siyasi m\u00fcdahelelerine meydan vermeyecek bir medeni kanun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorlar. Tercihleri \u0130svi\u00e7re Medeni Kanunu\u2019dur.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 gelene\u011finde Fransa\u2019dan Ticaret ve Ceza Kanunlar\u0131 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminde mesela; ceza kanunu \u0130talya\u2019dan, ticaret kanunu Almanya\u2019dan al\u0131nd\u0131. Medeni kanun i\u00e7inde \u0130svi\u00e7re medeni kanunu terc\u00fcmesine ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kanunun terc\u00fcme ve kabul edili\u015fi s\u00fcrecinde az\u0131nl\u0131klar dilek\u00e7e vererek Lozan\u2019\u0131n 42. maddesindeki \u00f6zel hukuktan vazge\u00e7tiklerini bildirmi\u015flerdir.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tarih laboratuvar\u0131n\u0131n verdi\u011fi ders \u015fudur: Bir toplum i\u00e7inde dini veya etnik az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n \u201ckendi hukuklar\u0131na\u201d t\u00e2bi olmalar\u0131, Roma\u2019n\u0131n par\u00e7alamas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan Avrupa\u2019da daha da yayg\u0131nla\u015fm\u0131\u015f, \u201cRomal\u0131 Romal\u0131\u2019n\u0131n, Gotlu Gotlu\u2019nun yarg\u0131c\u0131\u201d olmu\u015ftur. Ha\u00e7l\u0131 seferleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ve H\u0131ristiyanlar m\u00fctekabiliyet ilkesiyle, kendi \u00fclkelerindeki \u00f6teki din mensuplar\u0131na \u201ckendi hukuklar\u0131na uyma\u201d hakk\u0131 tan\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131 gibi, b\u00f6yle bir mukaveleye dayanmadan, mesela, Fetihten 60 sene \u00f6nce Bizans \u0130stanbul\u2019da \u0130slam hukukuna g\u00f6re yarg\u0131 yapan bir kad\u0131 idaresinde M\u00fcsl\u00fcman cemaat olu\u015fturulmas\u0131na ve cami in\u015fas\u0131na m\u00fcsaade etmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fin \u00f6z\u00fc, o zamanlarda b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada \u201ckanunlar\u0131n \u015fahsili\u011fi\u201d ilkesinin ge\u00e7erli olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Sosyal ve ekonomik geli\u015fme s\u00fcrecinde, zamanla \u201chukukun m\u00fclkili\u011fi\u201d yani \u201c\u00fclke\u201dye g\u00f6re belirlenmesi ilkesi ge\u00e7erli olmaya ba\u015flad\u0131k\u00e7a, din, \u0131rk fark\u0131 g\u00f6zetmeden \u00fclkenin t\u00fcm\u00fcnde ge\u00e7erli olacak kanunlar gerekmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Yatay sosyal ili\u015fkilerin fazla yo\u011fun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 eski toplumlarda g\u00f6r\u00fclen bu \u2018her cemaatin kendi hayat\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015famas\u0131na dayal\u0131 ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0130slam imparatorluklar\u0131nda son derece geli\u015fti\u011fi ve tarihen emsalsiz oldu\u011fu muhakkakt\u0131r; Farkl\u0131 dinlere ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fc ve cemaat idarelerine dokunmama \u0130slam\u2019da bir dini kural olarak da ifade edildi\u011fi i\u00e7in, daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir tatbikat bulmu\u015f; M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar gayrim\u00fcslimlere bu haklar\u0131 tan\u0131rken kendi imanlar\u0131n\u0131n gere\u011fini yerine getirmenin bilinciyle davranm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Din olarak \u0130slam, bu ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcy\u00fc te\u015fvik etmi\u015ftir. Fatih, \u2018Bosna Rahipleri\u2019 i\u00e7in \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 fermanda, onlar\u0131 rahats\u0131z edecek herkes i\u00e7in Allah\u2019\u0131n lanetini dilemektedir. M\u00fcsl\u00fcman, bir gayrim\u00fcslimin ibadet h\u00fcrriyetine ve cemaat hayat\u0131na m\u00fcdahale etti\u011fi zaman, kendi inand\u0131\u011f\u0131 dini kurallar\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etmi\u015f olmaktad\u0131r. \u0130slam devletlerinde dini ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn, devrin \u015fartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re, en ileri boyutlarda olmas\u0131n\u0131n temelinde bu iman vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Evet, \u201cMedine Vesikas\u0131\u201d ger\u00e7ekten bir toplumsal s\u00f6zle\u015fmedir. Ama hem dini olarak hem tarihi olarak \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde, gayrim\u00fcslimlerin konumu \u201cs\u00f6zle\u015fme\u201dden \u00e7\u0131karak bir \u201citaat\u201d stat\u00fcs\u00fc olan \u201czimmet\u201d (z\u0131mnilik) konumuna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Tarihin b\u00fcy\u00fck prati\u011fine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, \u0130slamiyet \u201cs\u00f6zle\u015fme\u201dden bir itaat stat\u00fcs\u00fc olan \u201cz\u0131mmi\u201dye ge\u00e7meseydi, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130slam imparatorluklar\u0131 kurulmaz, imparatorluk i\u00e7indeki g\u00fcvenli\u011fin sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 iktisadi, sosyal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ili\u015fkiler, bilimsel faaliyetler geli\u015fmez, yani \u0130slam medeniyeti do\u011fmazd\u0131: Nitekim, gerekli tarihi- k\u00fclt\u00fcrel malzeme haz\u0131r oldu\u011fu halde, \u0130slam imparatorluklar\u0131ndan \u00f6nce ayn\u0131 co\u011frafyada b\u00f6yle bir m\u00fc\u015fterek medeniyet hamlesi ya\u015fanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Zaten \u201cs\u00f6zle\u015fme\u201d stat\u00fcs\u00fc o \u00e7a\u011flarda bile y\u00fcr\u00fcmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in, g\u00fc\u00e7lenen \u0130slam devleti \u201czimmi\u201d stat\u00fcs\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda art\u0131k \u201citaat\u201d istemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Ancak tarihi seyir i\u00e7inde dinler-aras\u0131 ticari ve sosyal ili\u015fkiler yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a, \u201czimmi\u201d stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc de ila nihaye s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Teknoloji, ticaret, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ihtiya\u00e7lar nas\u0131l insano\u011flunun \u201cklan\u201d\u0131, \u201csite\u201dyi, \u201ckabile\u201d ve \u201cfeodalite\u201dyi a\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmi\u015fse, ayn\u0131 dinamikler belli bir yo\u011funlu\u011fa ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, d\u00fcnyevi i\u015flerde \u201ccemaat\u201dI de a\u015fmay\u0131 ve hukuk birli\u011fine y\u00f6nelmeyi \u201czaruret\u201d haline getirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Taha Akyol, Do\u011fan\u00a0Yay\u0131nlar\u0131<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130slamc\u0131 kesimden baz\u0131 yazarlar, \u201c\u00e7ok hukuklu sistem\u201d istiyorlar ve bunu da Peygamberimizin \u201cMedine S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u201dne dayand\u0131r\u0131yorlar; Bug\u00fcn de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de dindarlar, laikler, aleviler, s\u00fcnniler, h\u0131ristiyanlar, museviler, ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 \u201chukuk topluluklar\u0131\u201d haline getirilmeli ve \u201ckendi hukuklar\u0131n\u0131\u201d ya\u015famak \u00fczere b\u00f6yle bir s\u00f6zle\u015fme yapmal\u0131d\u0131rlar! Medine S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019nden Lozan Antla\u015fmas\u0131na kadar hukuk nas\u0131l bir de\u011fi\u015fim \u00e7izgisi izledi? Tanzimat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n, Mecelle yazar\u0131 Ahmet Cevdet …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2725,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,540],"tags":[840,841,213,262,839],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2724"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2724"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2724\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2726,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2724\/revisions\/2726"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2725"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2724"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2724"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2724"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}