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{"id":2752,"date":"2015-04-12T10:27:16","date_gmt":"2015-04-12T10:27:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/?p=2752"},"modified":"2015-04-12T10:27:16","modified_gmt":"2015-04-12T10:27:16","slug":"hayvan-ciftligi-george-orwell","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/yazilar\/hayvan-ciftligi-george-orwell\/","title":{"rendered":"Hayvan \u00c7iftli\u011fi – George Orwell"},"content":{"rendered":"

B<\/span>ir \u00e7iftlikte ya\u015fayan hayvanlar\u0131n bir g\u00fcn bir domuz taraf\u0131ndan k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131lmas\u0131yla beraber ya\u015famlar\u0131 pahas\u0131na ortaya koyduklar\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck m\u00fccadelesi ve bu hakka sahip olduktan sonra da aralar\u0131nda ne gibi entrikalar\u0131n d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Olaylar \u0130ngiltere\u2019de bir \u00e7iftlikte cereyan eder. Hayvanlar, \u00e7iftlik sahibi zalim Bay Jones\u2019un boyunduru\u011fu alt\u0131nda k\u00f6le gibi ya\u015famaktad\u0131rlar. Ya\u015fl\u0131 domuz Koca Reis, buna kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmak i\u00e7in bir devrim planlar ve hayvanlar\u0131 gizli bir toplant\u0131ya \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131r. Toplant\u0131da t\u00fcm hayvanlara art\u0131k k\u00f6le gibi ya\u015famalar\u0131n\u0131n sonunun gelmesi gerekti\u011finden ve g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bir r\u00fcyadan bahseder. \u00dc\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonra da \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Kendisinden geriye konu\u015fma esnas\u0131nda s\u00f6yledi\u011fi \u0130ngiltere Hayvanlar\u0131 adl\u0131 \u015fiiri kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Fakat konu\u015fmas\u0131 da \u00e7oktan di\u011fer hayvanlarda ufuklar a\u00e7maya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sahipleri Bay Jones\u2019un yem saatlerini unuttu\u011fu bir g\u00fcnde \u00f6nceden planlanm\u0131\u015f olmamas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n aniden ,isyan patlak verir ve bu devrim umduklar\u0131ndan da k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7erisinde tamamlan\u0131r. \u00c7iftli\u011fin sahibi Bay Jones \u00e7iftlikten uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Art\u0131k en zeki olarak tan\u0131mlanan domuzlar di\u011ferlerine \u00f6nderlik yapmaya ba\u015flarlar. \u0130lk i\u015f \u00e7iftli\u011fin ad\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmektir. \u0130sim kolayca bulunur. Bu sahibi sadece kendileri olan \u00e7iftli\u011fin ad\u0131 bundan sonra \u201cHAYVAN \u00c7\u0130FTL\u0130\u011e\u0130\u201d<\/strong> dir.<\/p>\n

S\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7erisinde iki domuz \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kar: Nopolyon ve Snowball. Napolyon iri yar\u0131, iyi konu\u015famayan ancak otorite sahibi; Snowball ise etkili konu\u015fan, parlak zekaya sahip biridir. \u0130kisi birlikte koca Reis\u2019in fikirlerinden yola \u00e7\u0131karak \u201canimalizm\u201d<\/strong> ad\u0131nda bir \u00f6\u011freti ortaya koyarlar. Ard\u0131ndan da kam\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131, gemleri, burun halkalar\u0131n\u0131, zincirleri yok ederler ve ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn \u201cyedi Emir\u201d<\/strong> i yaz\u0131p ah\u0131r\u0131n kap\u0131s\u0131na asarlar.<\/p>\n

Yedi emir \u00fczerine kurdular devrimi: Yedi Emir \u015f\u00f6yledir<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0130ki ayak \u00fcst\u00fcnde y\u00fcr\u00fcyen herkesi d\u00fc\u015fman bileceksin.<\/strong><\/li>\n
  2. D\u00f6rt ayak \u00fcst\u00fcnde y\u00fcr\u00fcyen ya da kanatlar\u0131 olan herkesi dost bileceksin.<\/strong><\/li>\n
  3. Hi\u00e7bir hayvan giysi giymeyecek.<\/strong><\/li>\n
  4. Hi\u00e7bir hayvan yatakta yatmayacak.<\/strong><\/li>\n
  5. Hi\u00e7bir hayvan i\u00e7ki i\u00e7meyecek.<\/strong><\/li>\n
  6. Hi\u00e7bir hayvan ba\u015fka bir hayvan\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeyecek.<\/strong><\/li>\n
  7. B\u00fct\u00fcn hayvanlar e\u015fittir.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    B\u00fct\u00fcn bu kuralar t\u00fcm hayvanlar taraf\u0131ndan benimsenmi\u015f ve beklenen devrim ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Ancak zamanla Napoleon ve Snowball birbirini \u00e7ekememeye ba\u015flay\u0131p, ikisi de yeni d\u00fczenin tek adam\u0131 olmak istememektedir. Snowball \u00e7iftlikte elektrik \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in bir yel de\u011firmeni yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi\u011finde Napolyon\u2019un k\u00f6pekleri taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7iftlikten s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Ama buna ra\u011fmen yel de\u011firmeni \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ba\u015flan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Burada Napeleon ba\u015fta savunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi sonralar\u0131 ne yap\u0131p edip kendisinin de bunu savundu\u011fu ancak Snowball\u2019u \u00e7iftlikten g\u00f6ndermek i\u00e7in b\u00f6yle s\u00f6yledi\u011fine inand\u0131r\u0131r. Devrimin ama\u00e7lar\u0131ndan da h\u0131zla uzakla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r; ba\u015flarda vaadedilen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatlerinin azalaca\u011f\u0131 yiyeceklerin artaca\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki s\u00f6zler gitmi\u015f aksine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatleri artm\u0131\u015f, verilen yiyecekler azalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Bu arada domuzlar da h\u0131zla \u015fi\u015fmanlamaktad\u0131rlar. Hatta yatakta yatmakta, i\u00e7ki i\u00e7mektedirler. Hayvanlar\u0131n e\u015fitli\u011fi ilkesine uymayan bu davran\u0131\u015flar zamanla duvardan de\u011fi\u015ftirilerek domuzlar taraf\u0131ndan kendilerine uygun hale getirilir.<\/p>\n

    \u00d6rne\u011fin domuzlar\u0131n yatakta yatmalar\u0131 ve i\u00e7ki i\u00e7meleri konusunda “Hi\u00e7 bir hayvan yatakta yatmayacakt\u0131r” ilkesini hat\u0131rlay\u0131p hayrete kap\u0131l\u0131yorlar. Hep beraber duvar\u0131n yan\u0131na gidiyorlar, ancak duvarda: “Hi\u00e7 bir hayvan \u00e7ar\u015fafl\u0131 yatakta yatmayacakt\u0131r” yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyorlar, hepsi, bu ilkeyi yanl\u0131\u015f hat\u0131rlad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor, bu ilkenin sonradan de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f oldu\u011funu anlayam\u0131yorlar bile. T\u00fcm hayvanlar\u0131n e\u015fitli\u011fi ilkesi Koca Reisle birlikte topra\u011fa g\u00f6m\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr k\u0131sacas\u0131.<\/p>\n

    K\u0131\u015f aylar\u0131nda \u00e7iftlikte k\u0131tl\u0131k ba\u015f g\u00f6steriyor. Bu\u011fday azal\u0131yor, patatesler so\u011fuktan donuyor ve yenilemeyecek hale geliyor. A\u00e7l\u0131ktan dolay\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmler ba\u015fg\u00f6steriyor. B\u00fcy\u00fck domuz, bu haberlerin \u00e7iftlik d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in \u00f6nlemler al\u0131yor, \u00e7iftli\u011fe gelen ziyaret\u00e7ilere, erzak depolar\u0131n\u0131n dolu oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor ve onlara, \u00fczerini bu\u011fday ve yiyecekle \u00f6rtt\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kum y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 erzak diye g\u00f6steriyor…<\/p>\n

    B\u00fcy\u00fck domuz, ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir kararla, tavuklar\u0131n yumurtalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7iftlik d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda sat\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, tavuklar\u0131n kulu\u00e7kaya yatmalar\u0131n\u0131 yasaklad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilan ediyor, buna kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan tavuklar\u0131, yeti\u015ftirdi\u011fi k\u00f6peklere \u00f6ld\u00fcrt\u00fcyor… Bunun \u00fczerine hayvanlar; “hi\u00e7bir hayvan di\u011fer bir hayvan\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeyecektir”<\/strong> ilkesini hat\u0131rl\u0131yorlar. Hemen bu ilkelerin yaz\u0131l\u0131 bulundu\u011fu duvar\u0131n yan\u0131na gidiyorlar. Ancak duvarda: “Hi\u00e7 bir hayvan di\u011fer bir hayvan\u0131 bir sebep olmadan \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeyecektir”<\/strong> yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyorlar, bu ilkeyi de yanl\u0131\u015f ezberlemi\u015f olduklar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorlar!.<\/p>\n

    B\u00fcy\u00fck domuz, \u00e7iftlik i\u00e7erisindeki hayvanlar aras\u0131nda: “liderimiz” ,”Hayvanlar babas\u0131” , “Koyunlar h\u00e2misi” , “Yavru hayvanlar\u0131n dostu” gibi \u00fcst\u00fcn s\u0131fatlarla an\u0131l\u0131yor ve her t\u00fcrl\u00fc g\u00fczellikler ona atfedilmeye ba\u015flan\u0131yor; mesala: genellikle tavuklar, “liderimiz sayesinde alt\u0131 g\u00fcnde be\u015f yumurta yumurtlad\u0131m” , havuzdan su i\u00e7en inekler: “liderimiz sayesinde bu suyun tad\u0131 ne kadar g\u00fczelmi\u015f” diyorlar…<\/p>\n

    Bir g\u00fcn \u00e7iftli\u011fe d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan sald\u0131r\u0131lar oluyor… Yabanc\u0131 hayvanlar \u00e7iftli\u011fe giriyor, iki sene gibi uzun bir zaman i\u00e7erisinde b\u00fct\u00fcn hayvanlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck gayretleri sonucu yapt\u0131klar\u0131 ve b\u00fcy\u00fck domuzun ad\u0131n\u0131n verildi\u011fi Yel De\u011firmenini y\u0131k\u0131p harap ediyorlar..\u00e7iftlikteki b\u00fct\u00fcn hayvanlar yaralan\u0131yor, baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcyor…<\/p>\n

    Bir m\u00fcddet sonra bir t\u00fcfek sesi duyuluyor. A\u011f\u0131r yaral\u0131 bir hayvan yan\u0131ndaki bir domuza: “Neden t\u00fcfek at\u0131l\u0131yor” diye soruyor. Domuz: “Zaferimizi kutlamak i\u00e7in”cevab\u0131n\u0131 veriyor. Yaral\u0131 hayvan; “Hangi zafer” diye hayret ediyor. Domuz; “Ne demek hangi zafer, d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 topraklar\u0131m\u0131zdan kovmad\u0131k m\u0131” diyor. “Ama iki y\u0131l u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z de\u011firmeni yok ettiler” kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 veriyor…Domuz: “Ne \u00f6nemi var, bir de\u011firmen daha yapar\u0131z, istersek daha fazla yapar\u0131z, yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fumuz muazzam i\u015fleri takdir etmiyorsun, \u015fimdi \u015fu bast\u0131\u011f\u0131n topraklar d\u00fc\u015fman i\u015fgalindeydi, ama liderimiz sayesinde her kar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 geri ald\u0131k” diyor…Biraz sonra B\u00fcy\u00fck Domuz, kendisine takt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ka\u00e7 madalya ve ni\u015fanla \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p b\u00fct\u00fcn hayvanlar\u0131, elde ettikleri zaferden dolay\u0131 kutluyor, tebrik ediyor…Hayvanlar\u0131n hepsi b\u00fcy\u00fck zafer kazand\u0131klar\u0131na b\u00f6ylece inanm\u0131\u015f oluyorlar…<\/p>\n

    Bir gece \u00e7iftlikte bir g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc oluyor, hayvanlar ah\u0131rdan f\u0131rlay\u0131p ko\u015fuyorlar… \u00e7iftlik ilkelerinin yaz\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fu duvar\u0131n dibinde k\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015f bir merdiven g\u00f6r\u00fcyorlar, domuzlardan birinin orada sersem sersem dola\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, yan\u0131nda bir fener, bir boya kutusu ve bir de f\u0131r\u00e7a oldu\u011funu fark ediyorlar. Hayvanlar duvara bakt\u0131klar\u0131nda, duvardaki ilkelerden birinin daha kendi ezberledikleri gibi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 fark ediyorlar!?..<\/p>\n

    B\u00fcy\u00fck Domuz, ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 son kararla; arpalar\u0131n bundan sonra sadece domuzlara<\/p>\n

    tahsis edilece\u011fini ve gazdan tasarruf etmek i\u00e7in ah\u0131rlardaki fenerlerin kald\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, hi\u00e7 bir domuzun \u00e7iftlikteki i\u015flerle u\u011fra\u015fmay\u0131p, sadece y\u00f6netimle ilgilenece\u011fini, domuzlardan ba\u015fka, hi\u00e7 bir hayvan\u0131n y\u00f6netim i\u015flerine kar\u0131\u015famayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, domuzlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki b\u00fct\u00fcn hayvanlar\u0131n A\u011fustos ay\u0131nda pazar g\u00fcnleri dahi \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayan\u0131n yiyece\u011finin yar\u0131ya inece\u011fini ilan ediyor.<\/p>\n

    Hayvanlar, “B\u00fct\u00fcn hayvanlar e\u015fittir”<\/strong> ilkesini hat\u0131rlay\u0131p, “bu nas\u0131l e\u015fitlik” diye kendi kendilerine s\u00f6ylenmeye ba\u015fl\u0131yorlar. Hemen, ilkelerin yaz\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fu duvar\u0131n yan\u0131na gidiyorlar, duvardaki yaz\u0131lar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f oldu\u011funu, ilk defa, fark ediyorlar, duvardaki b\u00fct\u00fcn yaz\u0131lar silinmi\u015f, sadece \u015f\u00f6yle yaz\u0131yor:<\/p>\n

    “B\u00fct\u00fcn hayvanlar e\u015fittir FAKAT Baz\u0131 hayvanlar \u00f6tekilerden daha fazla e\u015fittir.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. K\u0130TABIN ANA F\u0130KR\u0130 :<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Akl\u0131n\u0131 kullanmayan hi\u00e7bir varl\u0131k i\u00e7in \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn de\u011feri yoktur.<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. K\u0130TAPTAK\u0130 \u015eAHISLARIN DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RMES\u0130 :<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Bay Jones (insan):<\/strong> \u00c7iftli\u011fin sahibi olan bay Jones hakk\u0131nda hayvanlar aras\u0131nda bir insan ve ayn\u0131 zamanda hayvan \u00e7iftli\u011finin eski sahibi olmas\u0131 nedeniyle de pek sevilmeyen birisidir. Hayvanlar onun kendilerini s\u00f6m\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmektedirler.<\/p>\n

        Koca Major (domuz):<\/strong> Sayg\u0131n ve s\u00f6z\u00fc dinlenen bir hayvand\u0131r. Roman\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmas\u0131yla hayvanlar\u0131n ayaklanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130yi niyetli bir ki\u015fili\u011fe sahiptir. \u015ei\u015fman ve ya\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r \u00e7ok az \u00f6mr\u00fc kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler.<\/p>\n

        Napeleon (domuz): <\/strong>Koca Major \u00d6ld\u00fckten sonra bayra\u011f\u0131 onun elinden alm\u0131\u015f Snowball\u2019I da saf d\u0131\u015f\u0131 etmeyi ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hain ve sinsidir. Di\u011fer hayvanlar\u0131 kand\u0131rmay\u0131 \u00e7ok iyi ba\u015far\u0131r. Kendisini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr ve her zaman iktidar i\u00e7in her t\u00fcrl\u00fc k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yapmaya haz\u0131rd\u0131r. Ba\u015fka varl\u0131klar\u0131n zaaflar\u0131ndan yararlanmay\u0131 da \u00e7ok iyi bilir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn, kendisi iyili\u011fi i\u00e7in her t\u00fcrl\u00fc k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yapmaya haz\u0131r insan\u0131n\u0131 sembolize eder.<\/p>\n

        Snowball(domuz):<\/strong> Ba\u015flarda Napoleon\u2019un s\u0131k\u0131 dostu olan bu domuz sonralar\u0131 Napeleon\u2019un d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerine ters d\u00fc\u015fer; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc onun ki\u015fili\u011finde olumlu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek ve sadece kendisini de\u011fil yan\u0131nda sorumlu oldu\u011fu t\u00fcm varl\u0131klar\u0131 da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr. \u0130yi olan bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi asla saklamaz ve iyi niyetlidir. Romanda sonralar\u0131 \u00e7iftlikten kovulur ve \u00e7iftlikte bundan sonra geli\u015fen her t\u00fcrl\u00fc k\u00f6t\u00fc olayda Napeleon taraf\u0131ndan onun bir parma\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu dedikodusu yay\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

        Boxer(araba beygiri):<\/strong> \u00c7al\u0131\u015fkan ve itaatkar bir hayvan olup hep \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 seven ve ba\u015fka hayvanlar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ikna etme yoluna gider. Onun i\u00e7in iyili\u011finde k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn de kayna\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakt\u0131r. Nitekim iyi niyetlidir ve bu onun sonunun bir kasapta bitmesine neden olur.<\/p>\n

        Benjamin(E\u015fek):<\/strong> As\u0131k suratl\u0131 ve ya\u015fl\u0131 olan bu e\u015fek her \u015feye olumsuz bir g\u00f6zle bakar onun i\u00e7in iyi veya k\u00f6t\u00fc diye bir \u015fey yoktur. Her zaman her \u015fey olumsuz ve yarars\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

        Kitapta bu kahramanlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Napeleon\u2019un \u00f6zel olarak yeti\u015ftirdi\u011fi ve sonradan \u00f6zel g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 9 tane k\u00f6pek bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda Jessie ve Pincer ad\u0131nda iki tane daha bu 9 k\u00f6pe\u011fin ailesi, sonralar\u0131 bay Jones ile ka\u00e7acak olan Moses \u2013ki bu karga di\u011fer hayvanlar taraf\u0131ndan dedikoducu oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in hi\u00e7 sevilmemektedir- vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

        Yorum(Eda K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7): http:\/\/klceda.tumblr.com\/post\/22650424460<\/a><\/p>\n

        Bir peri masal\u0131 gibi ba\u015flayan ancak masallara yak\u0131\u015fmayan bir sona ula\u015fan Orwell\u2019\u0131n \u201cHayvan \u00c7iftli\u011fi\u201d asl\u0131nda insano\u011flunun mak\u00fbs talihini hayvanlar nezdinde g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne sermi\u015f ve asl\u0131nda bu ba\u011flamda Marxizmin ve Leninizmin \u2013sosyalizmin- a\u00e7mazlar\u0131n\u0131 Sovyet Rusya diktat\u00f6r\u00fc Stalin \u00f6rne\u011finden yola \u00e7\u0131karak \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde aktarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hayvan tasvirleriyle fabl, ele\u015ftirileriyle ise hiciv niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yan hikaye, her ya\u015fa ula\u015fabilme ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Kald\u0131 ki romanda yer alan \u00e7izimler nedeniyle i\u00e7eri\u011fi bilmeyen bir okuyucunun hikayeyi \u00e7ocuklara \u00f6zg\u00fc sanmas\u0131 muhtemeldir. Kullan\u0131lan dilin sadeli\u011fi, anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ak\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 asl\u0131nda ideolojilerin, entelekt\u00fcellerin tekelinden s\u0131yr\u0131lmas\u0131 ve t\u00fcm kesimler taraf\u0131ndan okunabilmesini sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

        Orwell\u2019\u0131n 1945 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 roman, asl\u0131nda 1949 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanacak olan 1984\u2019e giri\u015f say\u0131labilir. Her iki roman\u0131nda birbiriyle ortak yanlar\u0131 vard\u0131r ancak \u201cHayvan \u00c7iftli\u011fi\u201d, hayvanlar\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir \u00e7iftlikte kurdu\u011fu cumhuriyeti ele al\u0131rken, \u201c1984\u201d, d\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki \u00fc\u00e7 s\u00fcper g\u00fc\u00e7ten biri olan bir \u00fclkeyi anlatmaktad\u0131r. Gerek co\u011frafya gerekse ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar ve \u00fctopik anlat\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u201cHayvan \u00c7iftli\u011fi\u201dnin, \u201c1984\u201de nazaran \u00f6zet niteli\u011finde oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek san\u0131r\u0131m yanl\u0131\u015f olmayacakt\u0131r. Elbette incelenecek olan, bu tarz bir kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma de\u011fildir. Ancak aradaki ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 ortaya koyman\u0131n gereklili\u011fi Orwell\u2019\u0131n d\u00fcnya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc anlamak a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yerinde olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

        Romanda verilen ana fikir ;Aradan ge\u00e7en y\u0131llarda ayaklanmay\u0131 g\u00f6ren bir \u00e7ok hayvan \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f hayatta kalanlar ise mevcut durumun \u00f6ncekinden iyi mi k\u00f6t\u00fc m\u00fc oldu\u011funu an\u0131msamakta zorlan\u0131r hale gelmi\u015ftir. K\u00f6t\u00fcyse bile durum, kendilerine ait olan topraklardad\u0131rlar ve umut doludurlar. Ne de olsa b\u00fct\u00fcn hayvanlar e\u015fittir. Hepsi d\u00f6rt aya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde y\u00fcr\u00fcyordur. Bu umut yerini bir g\u00fcn hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na b\u0131rak\u0131r. T\u00fcm domuzlar art\u0131k iki ayak \u00fczerinde y\u00fcr\u00fcyorlard\u0131r. \u201cB\u00fct\u00fcn hayvanlar e\u015fittir, ama baz\u0131 hayvanlar \u00f6b\u00fcrlerinden daha e\u015fittir.\u201d Yedi Emirin yerinde yazan bu tek c\u00fcmle her \u015feyi anlat\u0131yordur. Animalizm bitmi\u015ftir art\u0131k yerini ise Napoleon\u2019un \u00f6\u011fretileri alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. E\u015fitlik bozulmu\u015f, t\u0131pk\u0131 Marx\u2019a y\u00f6neltilen ele\u015ftirilerde oldu\u011fu gibi sosyalizm kendi i\u00e7erisinde se\u00e7kinler s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015f ve iktidar sevdas\u0131 t\u00fcm ilkeleri tersine \u00e7evirmi\u015ftir. Sonunda di\u011fer t\u00fcm \u00e7iftlik sahipleri gibi olmu\u015ftur Napoleon ve arkada\u015flar\u0131. Di\u011fer iktidar sahiplerinden ve di\u011fer y\u00f6netim bi\u00e7imlerinden farklar\u0131 kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri prangalar\u0131 olan hayvanlar ise bunu hen\u00fcz fark ediyorlard\u0131r. Mutlak e\u015fitlik ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck bir hayalden ibarettir.<\/p>\n

        Can Yay\u0131nlar\u0131<\/p>\n

        <\/div>
        \"\"

        About the author<\/h3>\n\t\t\tGeorge Orwell<\/strong>, as\u0131l ad\u0131 ile Eric Arthur Blair<\/strong> (d. 25 Haziran 1903, Bihar; \u00f6. 21 Ocak 1950, Londra) , 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l \u0130ngiliz edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen kalemleri aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bin Dokuz Y\u00fcz Seksen D\u00f6rt adl\u0131 roman\u0131 ve bu romanda yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Big Brother (B\u00fcy\u00fck Birader) kavram\u0131 ile tan\u0131n\u0131r. Eserlerinde yer alan netlik, zeka, sosyal adaletsizli\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 fark\u0131ndal\u0131k ve totalitarizme kar\u015f\u0131 duru\u015fu onun imzas\u0131 niteli\u011findedir. Orwell’in hayat\u0131, sonradan yaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 etkileyecek olan deneyimlerle doludur. Burslu okudu\u011fu Eton Koleji’nden mezun olduktan sonra, o s\u0131rada bir \u0130ngiliz s\u00f6m\u00fcrgesi olan Burma’da bulunmu\u015f; k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli\u011fine buran\u0131n polis te\u015fkilat\u0131nda g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu memuriyet d\u00f6neminde \u015fahit oldu\u011fu ac\u0131mas\u0131z uygulamalar, emperyalizme kar\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi derin \u00f6fkeye katk\u0131da bulunmu\u015ftur. Gen\u00e7lik d\u00f6neminde Fransa’da bulunmu\u015f, t\u00fcrl\u00fc mesleklerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f, para s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 gerek yazarl\u0131\u011fa ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce, gerekse ilk yap\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131llarda yakas\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rakmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Bir \u00e7iftlikte ya\u015fayan hayvanlar\u0131n bir g\u00fcn bir domuz taraf\u0131ndan k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131lmas\u0131yla beraber ya\u015famlar\u0131 pahas\u0131na ortaya koyduklar\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck m\u00fccadelesi ve bu hakka sahip olduktan sonra da aralar\u0131nda ne gibi entrikalar\u0131n d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Olaylar \u0130ngiltere\u2019de bir \u00e7iftlikte cereyan eder. Hayvanlar, \u00e7iftlik sahibi zalim Bay Jones\u2019un boyunduru\u011fu alt\u0131nda k\u00f6le gibi ya\u015famaktad\u0131rlar. Ya\u015fl\u0131 domuz Koca Reis, buna kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmak i\u00e7in …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2753,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,540],"tags":[876,875,878,877],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2752"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2752"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2752\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2754,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2752\/revisions\/2754"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2753"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2752"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2752"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2752"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}