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{"id":2903,"date":"2015-06-11T07:01:21","date_gmt":"2015-06-11T07:01:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/?p=2903"},"modified":"2015-06-11T07:01:21","modified_gmt":"2015-06-11T07:01:21","slug":"hz-peygamberin-ornek-ahlaki-ve-sahsiyeti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/yazilar\/hz-peygamberin-ornek-ahlaki-ve-sahsiyeti\/","title":{"rendered":"Hz. Peygamberin \u00d6rnek Ahl\u00e2k\u0131 ve \u015eahsiyeti"},"content":{"rendered":"

K<\/span>u\u015fkusuz hem ferd\u00ee hem de sosyal bak\u0131mdan \u0130sl\u00e2m’\u0131n ideal ve \u00f6rnek insan\u0131 Hz. Muhammed’dir (sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem).<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nitekim Kur’\u00e2n-\u0131 Ker\u00eem Res\u00fblullah’\u0131n hayat ve \u015fahsiyetini m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar i\u00e7in \u00f6rnek olarak g\u00f6stermi\u015f (el-Ahz\u00e2b 33\/21); bu sebeple ash\u00e2b-\u0131 kir\u00e2m onun hayat\u0131n\u0131 titizlikle izlemi\u015fler; bu hayat\u0131 hem bizzat kendi ya\u015fay\u0131\u015flar\u0131na \u00f6rnek alm\u0131\u015flar hem de sonraki nesillere b\u00fcy\u00fck bir gayret ve itina ile nakletmi\u015flerdir. Onun ahl\u00e2k\u0131 ve \u015fahsiyeti hakk\u0131nda en \u00f6nemli kaynak Kur’\u00e2n-\u0131 Ker\u00eem’dir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, Hz. \u00c2i\u015fe’nin belirtti\u011fi gibi (M\u00fcslim, \u201cM\u00fcs\u00e2fir\u00een\u201d, 139) \u201cOnun ahl\u00e2k\u0131 Kur’an’d\u0131r.\u201d Hadis k\u00fclliyat\u0131yla siyer, \u015fem\u00e2il ve hilye kitaplar\u0131 Hz. Peygamber’in hayat\u0131n\u0131, beden\u00ee \u00f6zelliklerini ve ahl\u00e2k\u00ee ki\u015fili\u011fini anlatan hadis ve haberleri ihtiva eder.<\/p>\n

Bu kaynaklar\u0131n verdi\u011fi m\u00e2lumat, yaln\u0131zca Peygamberimiz’in ahl\u00e2k\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131tmak bak\u0131m\u0131ndan de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda hem Asr-\u0131 sa\u00e2det toplumunun genel karakteri hakk\u0131nda bize fikir vermesi hem de bir m\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u0131n ahl\u00e2k\u00ee ki\u015fili\u011finin nas\u0131l olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini g\u00f6stermesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan son derece \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

Res\u00fblullah bir defas\u0131nda kendisini \u015f\u00f6yle tan\u0131tm\u0131\u015ft\u0131: \u201cRabbimin kat\u0131nda benim on ismim var: Ben Muhammed\u2019im; Ahmed\u2019im; M\u00e2h\u00ee\u2019yim, yani Allah benim vas\u0131tamla inkarc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 mahvedecektir; ben H\u00e2\u015fir\u2019im, yani Allah kullar\u0131n\u0131 benim izimde toplayacakt\u0131r; ben rahmet Peygamber\u2019iyim, t\u00f6vbe Peygamberiyim, kahramanl\u0131k Peygamber\u2019iyim. Ben Mukaff\u00ee\u2019yim, yani b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar\u0131 Allah yoluna y\u00f6neltirim. Nihayet ben (insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131) kemale erdirenim\u201d (M\u00fcslim, \u201cFez\u00e2il\u201d, 126).<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kusursuz bir ifade kabiliyetine sahip olan Res\u00fblullah, hayat\u0131 boyunca sadece ger\u00e7e\u011fi s\u00f6ylemi\u015f ve s\u00f6ylediklerini harfi harfine ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. O, daima tatl\u0131 dilli, g\u00fcler y\u00fczl\u00fc ve toleransl\u0131 olmu\u015f; bununla beraber s\u00f6zlerini sayg\u0131 ile dinletmeyi de ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Peygamberimiz toplulukta yemek yemeyi severdi. Yeme\u011fe besmele ile ba\u015flar, sa\u011f elini kullan\u0131r, t\u0131ka basa doymadan sofradan kalkar, yemekten \u00f6nce ve sonra ellerini y\u0131kard\u0131. Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa zararl\u0131 ve dinen haram olan veya kokusuyla \u00e7evresindekileri rahats\u0131z edecek \u015feyleri yemez; bunlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir yemek i\u00e7in \u201csevmiyorum\u201d demezdi. Sofra kurallar\u0131na mutlaka uyar, bu konuda \u00e7evresindekileri de sab\u0131rla ve nezaketle e\u011fitirdi.<\/p>\n

\u0130pek elbise giymez, alt\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fck takmazd\u0131. Giyiminde temizli\u011fe ve sadeli\u011fe \u00f6nem verir, pejm\u00fcrdelikten ho\u015flanmazd\u0131. Temizli\u011fi \u201ciman\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131\u201d sayard\u0131. Bizzat kendisi temiz oldu\u011fu gibi bu al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 etraf\u0131ndakilere de kazand\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. L\u00fcks ve ihti\u015fama \u00f6nem vermez, ge\u00e7ici s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 tasa edinmezdi. Di\u011fer m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara da kanaatk\u00e2r olmay\u0131, hayata daima iyimser bakmay\u0131 telkin ederdi.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6nl\u00fc zengindi. Affetmeyi sever, kimseyi incitmez, d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131n\u0131n dahi iyili\u011fini isterdi. Kur’\u00e2n-\u0131 Ker\u00eem’de onun bu meziyetinden \u00f6vg\u00fcyle bahsedilir ve \u015f\u00f6yle buyurulur: \u201cE\u011fer kaba, kat\u0131 kalpli olsayd\u0131n, muhakkak ki insanlar \u00e7evrenden da\u011f\u0131l\u0131r giderlerdi…\u201d (\u00c2l-i \u0130mr\u00e2n 3\/159).<\/strong> O, insanlar\u0131n kusurlar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fczlerine vurmaz, tenkitlerini isim vermeden yapard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bir \u00f6\u011f\u00fcnl\u00fck yeme\u011fini olmayana verdi\u011fi i\u00e7in kendisinin ve ailesinin a\u00e7 sabahlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 geceler \u00e7ok olmu\u015f; fakat kendisi ve ailesi, a\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131n s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 iyilik yapman\u0131n ve Allah’\u0131n ho\u015fnutlu\u011funu kazanman\u0131n verdi\u011fi mutlulukla altetmeyi bilmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

Yeri gelince e\u015fsiz bir yi\u011fit, yeri gelince de son derece halim selim idi. Adaleti titizlikle korur; insanlara s\u0131rf mevki ve makamlar\u0131na g\u00f6re muamele etmezdi. Aksine fakirlerin, kimsesizlerin, yetimlerin, hastalar\u0131n, gariplerin, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n daha \u00e7ok ilgi ve mutlulu\u011fa muhta\u00e7 olduklar\u0131n\u0131 bilir ve bunu onlardan esirgemezdi.<\/p>\n

Kibirlenmekten nefret eder, kibirle iman\u0131n bir kalpte birle\u015femeyece\u011fini s\u00f6yler; kimseye kar\u015f\u0131 ululuk taslamaz; fakat d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda da ezilip k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmezdi. Otoritesini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in sun\u00ee ve zorlama tedbirlere ba\u015fvurmaz; meclislerde bo\u015f buldu\u011fu yere otururdu. Dalkavukluktan nefret ederdi. Kendisine bir il\u00e2h g\u00f6z\u00fcyle bak\u0131lmas\u0131na asla raz\u0131 olmaz; kendisinin de bir insan oldu\u011funu, sadece Allah’\u0131n korumas\u0131yla hata ve g\u00fcnahtan kurtulabilece\u011fini -hi\u00e7bir kayg\u0131ya kap\u0131lmadan- samimiyetle ifade ederdi. Halk\u0131n aras\u0131na kat\u0131l\u0131r; insanlarla olan ili\u015fkilerini herhangi bir insan gibi s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcr; hastalar\u0131, dostlar\u0131n\u0131, kom\u015fular\u0131n\u0131 ziyaret eder; m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n ac\u0131 ve tatl\u0131 g\u00fcnlerini payla\u015fmaktan geri kalmazd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Res\u00fblullah’\u0131n aile hayat\u0131 son derece muntazamd\u0131. E\u015flerine sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterir; haklar\u0131na riayet eder; hatta geceleyin ibadet etmek istedi\u011fi zaman bile e\u015finden izin alma inceli\u011fini g\u00f6sterirdi. Aile bireyleriyle \u015fakala\u015fmay\u0131 sever, n\u00e2diren vuku bulan aile i\u00e7i tats\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131 anlay\u0131\u015fla kar\u015f\u0131lar, ikazlar\u0131n\u0131 incitmeden, meden\u00eece yapard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Din ve d\u00fcnya i\u015fleri aras\u0131nda ideal bir uyum kurmas\u0131, onun en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelliklerinden ve ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n sebeplerinden biridir. Bir h\u0131ristiyan olan m\u00fcste\u015frik M. G. Demombynes, Muhammed (s. 599-600) isimli \u00f6nemli eserinde, \u0130sl\u00e2miyet’in H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011fa \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve Hz. Peygamber’in ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n sebeplerini \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131yor: \u201c\u00ces\u00e2’n\u0131n vaaz\u0131nda \u00f6b\u00fcr d\u00fcnya i\u00e7in haz\u0131rl\u0131k, bu d\u00fcnyan\u0131n nimetlerinden vazge\u00e7mekle ba\u015flar. \u0130sl\u00e2m’da ise kesinlikle b\u00f6yle bir \u015fey yoktur… \u0130sl\u00e2m’a g\u00f6re, iyi bir \u015fekilde kullanmak \u015fart\u0131yla hi\u00e7bir nimet k\u00f6t\u00fc de\u011fildir. \u201d<\/p>\n

Baz\u0131 sah\u00e2b\u00eeler, ebed\u00ee kurtulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 kazanabilmek i\u00e7in geceleri hep namaz k\u0131lacaklar\u0131n\u0131, g\u00fcnd\u00fczleri oru\u00e7 tutacaklar\u0131n\u0131, evlenmeyeceklerini, evli olanlar e\u015flerine yakla\u015fmayacaklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015flerdi. Hz. Peygamber bu geli\u015fmeyi duyunca onlar\u0131 \u015fu s\u00f6zlerle uyard\u0131: \u201cSizin \u015f\u00f6yle \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00f6yledi\u011finizi duyuyorum. Bak\u0131n, yemin ederim ki ben, Allah\u2019a hepinizden daha \u00e7ok sayg\u0131l\u0131y\u0131m. Bununla birlikte oru\u00e7 tuttu\u011fum g\u00fcnler de olur, tutmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m g\u00fcnler de. Namaz da k\u0131lar\u0131m, uyku da uyurum. Kad\u0131nlarla da evlenirim… Kim benim s\u00fcnnetimden (yolumdan) y\u00fcz \u00e7evirirse benden y\u00fcz \u00e7evirmi\u015f olur\u201d (Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, \u201cNik\u00e2h\u201d, 1). \u201cD\u00fcnyada z\u00fchd i\u00e7inde olmak, hel\u00e2li haram saymak de\u011fildir\u201d (Tirmiz\u00ee, \u201cZ\u00fchd\u201d, 29).<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kur’an Allah el\u00e7isini \u201cg\u00fczel \u00f6rnek\u201d<\/strong> olarak g\u00f6steriyor. Muhammed Ham\u00eedullah’\u0131n dedi\u011fi gibi, \u201c\u015eayet Hz. Muhammed, insan\u0131n d\u00fcnya hayat\u0131n\u0131, zevklerini tamamen reddeden, bunlardan uzak kalan bir melek hayat\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek isteseydi, onun s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bu hayat, insanlar i\u00e7in \u00f6l\u00fc do\u011fmu\u015f bir kural olarak kalacakt\u0131\u201d (Isl\u00e2m Peygamberi, II, 664). Nitekim Roma’n\u0131n barbarla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131k d\u00fcnyaya h\u00e2kim olsa bile, \u00ces\u00e2’ya nisbet edilen H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131k kilise hatta m\u00e2nast\u0131rlar\u0131n duvarlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015famam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Res\u00fblullah’\u0131n di\u011fer bir \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelli\u011fi, Kur’an’\u0131n deyimiyle \u201cinsan-peygamber\u201d olu\u015fudur (el-\u0130sr\u00e2 17\/93). Onun ebed\u00ee mesaj\u0131na g\u00f6re, kendisi de dahil olmak \u00fczere, \u201cB\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar hata eder; hata edenlerin en hay\u0131rl\u0131s\u0131 ise t\u00f6vbe edenlerdir\u201d (Tirmiz\u00ee, \u201cK\u0131y\u00e2met\u201d, 49).<\/strong> En m\u00fckemmel insan\u0131n hayat\u0131nda bile iyilik-k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck m\u00fccadelesinin bitti\u011fi bir son nokta yoktur. O sebepledir ki, kendisine \u201cYa\u015fland\u0131n\u0131z, y\u00e2 Res\u00fblellah!\u201d denildi\u011finde o, \u201cBeni H\u00fbd ve \u015e\u00fbr\u00e2 s\u00fbreleri ya\u015fland\u0131rd\u0131\u201d (Tirmiz\u00ee, \u201cTefs\u00eer\u201d, 56, 6) buyurmu\u015flard\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc her iki s\u00fbrede de, \u201cSana buyuruldu\u011fu gibi dosdo\u011fru ol!\u201d (H\u00fbd 11\/112; e\u015f- \u015e\u00fbr\u00e2 42\/15) <\/strong>denilmektedir. Fahreddin er-R\u00e2z\u00ee’nin de belirtti\u011fi gibi bu \u00e2yet, ahl\u00e2k\u00ee hayat\u0131n kolay olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Zira bir \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu do\u011fruluk \u00e7izgizinden sapmadan ilerlemek, Kur’an’\u0131n deyimiyle, bu \u201csarp yoku\u015fu t\u0131rmanabilmek\u201d zor, zor oldu\u011fu kadar da kutsal bir \u00e7abad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130sl\u00e2m dini prensip olarak H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131k’ta oldu\u011fu gibi, Hz. Peygamber de dahil olmak \u00fczere, hi\u00e7bir insan\u0131 il\u00e2hl\u0131k mertebesinde hatas\u0131z kabul etmemi\u015ftir. Bu y\u00fczden Peygamberimiz, s\u0131k s\u0131k t\u00f6vbe ve isti\u011ffar etti\u011fini s\u00f6yler; iyilik yolunda sebat ettirmesi, ahl\u00e2k\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fczelle\u015ftirmesi i\u00e7in Allah’a dua ederdi (mesel\u00e2 bk. M\u00fcslim, \u201cM\u00fcs\u00e2fir\u00een\u201d, 201; Nes\u00e2\u00ee, \u201c\u0130ftit\u00e2h\u201d, 16, 17).<\/p>\n

Hz. Muhammed, Allah taraf\u0131ndan ebed\u00ee ris\u00e2letle g\u00f6revlendirilmi\u015f olmak bak\u0131m\u0131ndan en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015feref ve imtiyaza mazhar olmu\u015ftur. Bunun yan\u0131nda o hem bir insan ve kul olarak hem de kendi deyimiyle \u201cahl\u00e2k\u00ee g\u00fczellikleri tamamlamak i\u00e7in g\u00f6nderilmi\u015f\u201d<\/strong> bir rehber olarak b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc erdemli ya\u015famaya adam\u0131\u015f olmak bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da en se\u00e7kin insand\u0131r ve bu y\u00fczden \u201c\u00fcsve-i hasene\u201d (g\u00fczel \u00f6rnek)dir.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Onun en y\u00fcksek ve \u00f6rnek faziletlerinden biri de kendisini kanunlar \u00fcst\u00fc g\u00f6rmemesidir. Kur’\u00e2n-\u0131 Kerim’de defalarca ona, kendisine vahyedilene uymas\u0131 emredilmi\u015ftir. Z\u00fcmer s\u00fbresinin 12. \u00e2yetinde ona verilen bir t\u00e2limat olan, \u201cBen m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n ilki olmakla emrolundum\u201d<\/strong> \u015feklindeki ifade, onun ahl\u00e2k ve fazilette de \u00f6nc\u00fc ve \u00f6rnek olmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir. Bu sebepledir ki, Kur’\u00e2n-\u0131 Ker\u00eem’deki pek \u00e7ok emir ve yasak do\u011frudan ona hitap eder.<\/p>\n

Herkesin kabul etti\u011fi \u00fczere k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fcklerin en fenas\u0131, bir insan\u0131n inanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc savunmas\u0131, yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir i\u015fi emretmesidir. Kur’an’da da, \u201cYapmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z bir \u015feyi s\u00f6ylemeniz Allah kat\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6fkeye sebep olur\u201d (es-Saf 61\/3) <\/strong>buyurulmu\u015ftur. M\u00fcnaf\u0131klar\u0131n \u201ccehennemin en dibinde\u201d g\u00f6sterilmesi de bundand\u0131r (en-Nis\u00e2 4\/145). Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan, Hz. Peygamber’in inanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya ya\u015famad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, bir i\u015fi buyurdu\u011funa, kendi kendisiyle \u00e7eli\u015fti\u011fine dair tek bir \u00f6rnek yoktur. Bu y\u00fczden d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan bile \u201cMuhammed\u00fc’l-em\u00een\u201d diye an\u0131lm\u0131\u015f; ris\u00e2letine ilk inananlar, kendisini en iyi tan\u0131yan yak\u0131nlar\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Tarihte ilkeler koyan nice d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrler unutulup gitmi\u015f; fakat yaln\u0131z peygamberler, \u00e7a\u011flar boyunca hak, d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck, iyilik ve fazilet \u00f6rne\u011fi olarak sayg\u0131yla izlenmi\u015flerdir. \u00d6zellikle, hayat\u0131n\u0131 ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131yla tan\u0131ma baht\u0131na erdi\u011fimiz yeg\u00e2ne peygamber olan Allah Resul\u00fc’n\u00fcn, getirdi\u011fi evrensel ilkeler yan\u0131nda, bir \u00e7ocu\u011fun ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ok\u015famas\u0131, k\u0131zmas\u0131 beklenen bir k\u00fcstahl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tebess\u00fcmle kar\u015f\u0131lamas\u0131, s\u0131radan insanlar\u0131n meseleleriyle i\u00e7tenlikle ilgilenmesi gibi basit g\u00f6r\u00fcnen faziletli davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 bile e\u015fsiz bir ahl\u00e2k kahraman\u0131n\u0131n, fazilet \u00e2bidesinin zengin ahl\u00e2k\u00ee ki\u015fili\u011fini olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Kur’\u00e2n-\u0131 Kenm’in birka\u00e7 \u00e2yetinde Hz. Peygamber, baz\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yan\u0131lg\u0131lar\u0131 sebebiyle ikaz edilmi\u015ftir. Bu \u00e2yetler onun bir il\u00e2h gibi kabul edilmemesi gerekti\u011fini g\u00f6stermesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir. Fakat, bundan daha \u00f6nemlisi \u015fudur ki, Res\u00fblullah bu \u00e2yetleri, en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir komplekse kap\u0131lmadan, a\u00e7\u0131k y\u00fcreklilikle halka okumu\u015f, duyurmu\u015f; dahas\u0131 namazlarda okunmas\u0131na izin vermi\u015ftir. Tarihte kendisini ele\u015ftiren s\u00f6zleri okumay\u0131 ibadet sayacak kadar ahl\u00e2kta ve fazilette y\u00fccelmi\u015f olan bir ba\u015fka \u015fahsiyet yoktur. \u0130\u015fte bundan dolay\u0131 o, insanl\u0131\u011fa \u00f6rnek, \u00e2lemlere rahmettir.<\/p>\n

Allah Resul\u00fc, davet etti\u011fi insanlara, \u00e2hiret kurtulu\u015fundan ba\u015fka hi\u00e7bir pe\u015fin \u00e7\u0131kar vaad etmiyordu. Aksine, bu yolun uzun, \u00e7etin ve dikenli oldu\u011funu, onlara, g\u00f6klerin, yerin ve da\u011flar\u0131n bile ta\u015f\u0131yamayaca\u011f\u0131 bir emanet getirdi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor; fakat samimi bir m\u00fcmin, lekesiz bir insan olarak her t\u00fcrl\u00fc b\u00e2t\u0131llardan, edepsiz ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131l\u0131k davran\u0131\u015flardan kurtularak, do\u011fru ve samimi imana, faziletlerle s\u00fcsl\u00fc insanl\u0131\u011fa \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131yordu. Bizzat kendi ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f\u0131yla da bu iman\u0131n ve faziletin zengin \u00f6rne\u011fini sergiliyordu. Nitekim Mekke’de m\u00fc\u015friklerin dayan\u0131lmaz boyutlara ula\u015fan bask\u0131s\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Habe\u015fistan’a s\u0131\u011f\u0131nan m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n s\u00f6zc\u00fcs\u00fc Cafer b. Eb\u00fb T\u00e2lib’in, Habe\u015f h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131n\u0131n huzurunda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmada \u015fu \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 ifadeler yer al\u0131yordu:<\/p>\n

\u201cBiz vaktiyle C\u00e2hiliye halk\u0131 olarak putlara tapar, \u00f6l\u00fc hayvan eti yerdik. Bir s\u00fcr\u00fc edepsizlikler yapard\u0131k; yak\u0131nlar\u0131m\u0131za ilgisiz kal\u0131r, kom\u015fular\u0131m\u0131za k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck ederdik. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olanlar\u0131m\u0131z zay\u0131flan ezerdi. \u0130\u015fte Allah bize Peygamberimiz’i g\u00f6ndermezden \u00f6nceki halimiz bu idi… O Peygamber bize do\u011frulu\u011fu \u00f6\u011fretti; emanete sad\u0131k kalmay\u0131, akrabam\u0131za ilgi g\u00f6stermeyi, kom\u015fular\u0131m\u0131za iyi davranmay\u0131, insanlar\u0131n haklar\u0131na ve hayatlar\u0131na sayg\u0131l\u0131 olmay\u0131 emretti. \u00c7irkin davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131, yalanc\u0131 \u015fahitli\u011fi, yetim mal\u0131 yemeyi, namuslu kad\u0131nlara iftira atmay\u0131 yasaklad\u0131.\u201d (Ahmed b. Hanbel, M\u00fcsned, II, 202)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Res\u00fblullah’\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131, onu, atalar\u0131n\u0131n dinini terketti\u011fi, \u015fair, mecnun sihirbaz oldu\u011fu gibi iddialar ve sa\u00e7mal\u0131klarla halk\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fcnden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar. Fakat, bir h\u0131ristiyan il\u00e2hiyat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n da dedi\u011fi gibi, \u201cHz. Muhammed’in \u00e7a\u011fda\u015flar\u0131 onda hi\u00e7bir ahl\u00e2k\u00ee kusur g\u00f6remediler\u201d (M. Watt, Hz. Muhammed, s. 246);<\/strong> bu sebeple de ona asla ger\u00e7ek bir kusur isnat edemediler. Sadece, her zaman ve her devirde b\u00fct\u00fcn zalimlerin ba\u015fvurdu\u011fu yollar\u0131 izlediler; yani onunla ve ona inananlarla alay ettiler, hakaret ettiler, zulmettiler, abluka alt\u0131na al\u0131p a\u00e7l\u0131\u011fa mahk\u00fbm ettiler. Ancak otoritesini ve sayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 zorbal\u0131ktan de\u011fil, getirdi\u011fi il\u00e2h\u00ee prensiplerden, dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 do\u011frulardan, ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 erdemlerden alan Allah el\u00e7isinin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda zalimlerin direni\u015fi sadece bir \u00e7ocukluk devresi kadar s\u00fcrebildi. En sonunda Allah ona, haks\u0131zl\u0131kla \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kutsal yurdu Mekke’ye muzaffer olarak d\u00f6nme mutlulu\u011funu ya\u015fatt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Mekke fethedilince Res\u00fblullah, b\u00fct\u00fcn su\u00e7lular\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 il\u00e2n etti. O vakte kadar, Eb\u00fb Cehil’den sonra m\u00fc\u015friklerin lideri ve \u0130sl\u00e2m’\u0131n en yaman d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 olan Eb\u00fb S\u00fcfy\u00e2n \u0130sl\u00e2m kararg\u00e2h\u0131na geldi\u011finde, Hz. Peygamber onu sayg\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131lam\u0131\u015f; hatta evinin dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, oraya s\u0131\u011f\u0131nanlar\u0131n g\u00fcvence i\u00e7inde oldu\u011fu t\u00e2limat\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015fti. Bu tav\u0131r bize, e\u015fsiz bir cesarete sahip muzaffer bir kumandan\u0131n, ayn\u0131 zamanda al\u00e7ak g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc, kinden uzak ve ba\u011f\u0131\u015flay\u0131c\u0131 olmas\u0131 l\u00e2z\u0131m geldi\u011fini g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2hiliye d\u00f6neminde Araplar \u00e2cizlik, pasiflik ve korkakl\u0131ktan nefret eder; cesaret ve yi\u011fitlikten ho\u015flan\u0131rlard\u0131. Ancak g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve yi\u011fit oldu\u011fu halde \u00f6fkesini ve gururunu yenenlere de b\u00fcy\u00fck sayg\u0131 duyarlard\u0131. E\u011fer Hz. Peygamber’in a\u011f\u0131r ba\u015fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve yumu\u015fakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e2cizlikten ileri gelseydi; veya tersine, yi\u011fitlik ve cesareti kendisine gurur ve kibir verseydi asla sevilmez ve taraftar bulamazd\u0131. Hz. \u00c2i\u015fe, onun \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli iki \u00f6zelli\u011fini \u015fu s\u00f6zlerle anlat\u0131r: \u201cAllah Resul\u00fc, iki durumdan birini se\u00e7mek gerekti\u011finde, e\u011fer k\u00f6t\u00fc de\u011filse, mutlaka kolay olan\u0131n\u0131 se\u00e7erdi (insanlar\u0131n i\u015flerini zorla\u015ft\u0131rmazd\u0131)… Bir de Allah Resul\u00fc, kendisiyle ilgili k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fcklerden dolay\u0131 asla intikam pe\u015finde olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Fakat Allah\u2019\u0131n bir kanunu ihl\u00e2l edilince mutlaka bunun cezas\u0131n\u0131 verirdi\u201d (Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, \u201cEdeb\u201d, 80).<\/strong><\/p>\n

End\u00fcl\u00fcsl\u00fc \u00fcnl\u00fc \u00e2lim \u0130bn Hazm (\u00f6. 456\/1064), her c\u00fcmlesi bir hikmet de\u011feri ta\u015f\u0131yan el-Ah\u00e2k ve\u2019s-siyer adl\u0131 ahl\u00e2k kitab\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle der: \u201c\u00c2hiret iyili\u011fini, d\u00fcnya bilgeli\u011fini, d\u00fczg\u00fcn ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f\u0131, b\u00fct\u00fcn ahl\u00e2k g\u00fczelliklerini, b\u00fct\u00fcn faziletleri kazanmak isteyen ki\u015fi, Hz. Muhammed’i \u00f6rnek als\u0131n\u201d (s. 19-20). \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u201cRes\u00fblullah b\u00fct\u00fcn hay\u0131rlarda en ileridedir. Allah onun ahl\u00e2k\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6vm\u00fc\u015f, faziletleri en m\u00fckemmel \u015fekliyle onda toplam\u0131\u015f ve onu her t\u00fcrl\u00fc kusurlardan ar\u0131nd\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u201d (s. 50).<\/p>\n

Diyanet Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u201c\u0130lmihal II, \u0130sl\u00e2m ve Toplum\u201d dan al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ku\u015fkusuz hem ferd\u00ee hem de sosyal bak\u0131mdan \u0130sl\u00e2m’\u0131n ideal ve \u00f6rnek insan\u0131 Hz. Muhammed’dir (sallallahu aleyhi ve sellem). Nitekim Kur’\u00e2n-\u0131 Ker\u00eem Res\u00fblullah’\u0131n hayat ve \u015fahsiyetini m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar i\u00e7in \u00f6rnek olarak g\u00f6stermi\u015f (el-Ahz\u00e2b 33\/21); bu sebeple ash\u00e2b-\u0131 kir\u00e2m onun hayat\u0131n\u0131 titizlikle izlemi\u015fler; bu hayat\u0131 hem bizzat kendi ya\u015fay\u0131\u015flar\u0131na \u00f6rnek alm\u0131\u015flar hem de sonraki nesillere b\u00fcy\u00fck bir gayret …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2904,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,5],"tags":[662,1004,103,132,1002,223,1003,1001],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2903"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2903"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2903\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2905,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2903\/revisions\/2905"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2904"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2903"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2903"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2903"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}