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{"id":2948,"date":"2015-06-23T12:08:52","date_gmt":"2015-06-23T12:08:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/?p=2948"},"modified":"2015-06-23T12:08:52","modified_gmt":"2015-06-23T12:08:52","slug":"hz-peygamber-a-s-doneminde-ramazanda-sosyo-kulturel-hayat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/yazilar\/hz-peygamber-a-s-doneminde-ramazanda-sosyo-kulturel-hayat\/","title":{"rendered":"Hz. Peygamber (a.s.) D\u00f6neminde Ramazan\u2019da Sosyo-K\u00fclt\u00fcrel Hayat"},"content":{"rendered":"H<\/span>z. Peygamber d\u00f6neminde ramazan deyince, d\u00f6nemin sosyo-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00f6zelliklerinin g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131n\u0131p incelenmesi gerekir. Bu d\u00f6nemde ramazan ay\u0131nda toplumda meydana gelen baz\u0131 \u00f6nemli hadiseler, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel olaylar, ya\u015fanan sosyal durumlar bu ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda incelenmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ramazan Ay\u0131nda Do\u011fanlar<\/strong><\/p>\n

Baz\u0131 kaynaklarda Hz. Peygamber\u2019in bizzat kendisinin de ramazan ay\u0131nda do\u011fdu\u011fu ile ilgili bilgiler mevcuttur. Mesela \u0130bn Kesir\u2019de ge\u00e7en bir rivayete g\u00f6re, Hz. Peygamber\u2019in, Ramazan\u0131n on ikinci g\u00fcn\u00fc do\u011fdu\u011fu belirtilir. \u00c7o\u011fu rivayette annesinin Hz. Peygamber\u2019e Muharrem\u2019in onuncu g\u00fcn\u00fc hamile kald\u0131\u011f\u0131; fil olay\u0131ndan \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l sonra o y\u0131l\u0131n Ramazan ay\u0131n\u0131n on ikisinde do\u011fdu\u011fu nakledilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber d\u00f6neminde ramazan ay\u0131nda meydana gelen do\u011fumlar\u0131n en \u00f6nemlisi, Hz.Peygamber\u2019in torunu, Ali b. Eb\u00fb Talib\u2019in o\u011flu Hasan<\/strong>\u2019\u0131n, hicretin 3.y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Ramazan ay\u0131nda do\u011fmu\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hicretin ikinci y\u0131l\u0131nda Bedir muharebesi d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc Hz. Fat\u0131ma ile Hz. Ali evlenmi\u015flerdi. Evlili\u011fin ilk senesinde Hz. Hasan d\u00fcnyaya gelmi\u015ftir. Peygamber (a.s) Onun do\u011fumuna \u00e7ok sevinmi\u015f ve mutlu olmu\u015ftur. Hz. Hasan\u2019\u0131n do\u011fumundan sonra iki ko\u00e7u akika kurban\u0131 olarak kesmi\u015f;\u00a0\u00a0 tra\u015f ederek sa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131nca g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn fakirlere da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 emretmi\u015ftir.\u00a0 \u00c7ocu\u011fa ne isim koymay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sorusuna Hz. Ali, Harb veya Hamza koymay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6ylemi\u015fse de Hz. Peygamber Cahiliye devrinde bilinmeyen Hasan ad\u0131n\u0131 vererek kula\u011f\u0131na ezan okumu\u015f ve Araplarda adet oldu\u011fu \u00fczere ona Eb\u00fb Muhammed k\u00fcnyesini vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Ramazan Ay\u0131nda Vefat Edenler<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber d\u00f6neminde Ramazan ay\u0131nda baz\u0131 \u00fcz\u00fcc\u00fc hadiseler de ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f; kimi k\u0131ymetli \u015fahsiyetler bu ayda hayata veda etmi\u015flerdir. Mesela, bunlardan Hz.Muhammed (a.s)\u2019\u0131n her zaman koruyup kollay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olan amcas\u0131 Eb\u00fb Talib<\/strong>\u2019in, n\u00fcb\u00fcvvetin 10. y\u0131l\u0131 Ramazan ay\u0131nda, (Peygamber\u2019in) kendi e\u015finden 3 g\u00fcn \u00f6nce vefat etmesi bunlardan biridir. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde Hz. Hatice, n\u00fcb\u00fcvvetin 10. y\u0131l\u0131nda Kurey\u015f\u2019in boykotunun sona ermesinden k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra, hicretten 3 y\u0131l \u00f6nce Ramazan ay\u0131nda 65 ya\u015f\u0131nda iken vefat etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber\u2019in k\u0131z\u0131 Rukiye<\/strong> de ramazan ay\u0131nda vefat etmi\u015ftir. Hz. Osman\u2019la evli olan Hz. Rukiyye, Bedir Seferine haz\u0131rl\u0131k yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131rada hastalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. E\u015fi Hz. Osman, Hz. Peygamber\u2019in emriyle ona bakmak \u00fczere Medine\u2019de b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Zeyd b.Harise, Bedir zaferinin haberini Medine\u2019ye getirdi\u011fi s\u0131rada Hz. Rukiyye vefat etmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Ramazan ay\u0131nda vefat eden bir di\u011fer ki\u015fi de, Hz. Peygamber\u2019in Mariye\u2019den olan o\u011flu \u0130brahim<\/strong>\u2019dir. \u0130brahim, Hz. Peygamber\u2019in Teb\u00fck d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde vefat etmi\u015ftir. \u0130brahim vefat etti\u011fi g\u00fcn g\u00fcne\u015f tutulmu\u015f ve bir k\u0131s\u0131m insan, g\u00fcne\u015fin \u0130brahim\u2019in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden dolay\u0131 tutuldu\u011funu sanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Hz. Peygamber de onlar\u0131 uyararak, onlara ay\u0131n ve g\u00fcne\u015fin Allah\u2019\u0131n ayetlerinden oldu\u011funu, bir insan\u0131n do\u011fumu veya \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden dolay\u0131 tutulmayacaklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir.\u00a0 B\u00f6yle durumlarda Allah\u2019\u0131 zikredip, namaz k\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131 tavsiye etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber\u2019in en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u0131z\u0131 Hz. Fat\u0131ma<\/strong> da babas\u0131n\u0131n vefat\u0131ndan k\u0131sa bir m\u00fcddet sonra hicretin 11. (632) y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Ramazan ay\u0131n\u0131n 3. g\u00fcn\u00fc 29 ya\u015f\u0131nda iken hayata veda etmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Benzer \u015fekilde Hz. Peygamber\u2019in Hayber sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonra safiy hakk\u0131 olarak al\u0131p azat ederek evlendi\u011fi Hz. Safiyye bint Huyey b. Ahtab<\/strong> da 50 veya 52 ya\u015flar\u0131nda (50\/671) Ramazan ay\u0131nda vefat etmi\u015f ve Bak\u00ee mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na defnedilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Rasulullah\u2019\u0131n e\u015fi Hz. Ai\u015fe<\/strong> de hicretin 58. (678) y\u0131l\u0131 Sal\u0131 gecesi Ramazan\u2019dan 17 gece ge\u00e7ince vefat etti. Cenaze namaz\u0131n\u0131 Eb\u00fb Hureyre k\u0131ld\u0131 ve Bak\u00ee mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na defnedildi.<\/p>\n

Ramazan ay\u0131nda vefat edenlerden biri Peygamberimizin damad\u0131 Hz. Ali<\/strong>\u2019dir. Hz. Ali, hicretin 35. (656) y\u0131l\u0131nda, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc halifesi olmu\u015f;\u00a0 hicretin 40. (661) y\u0131l\u0131nda ramazan ay\u0131nda sabah namaz\u0131na giderken, Abdurrahman b. M\u00fclcem taraf\u0131ndan, ba\u015f\u0131na vurulan ve aln\u0131ndan beynine kadar i\u015fleyen k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 darbesi ile a\u011f\u0131r \u015fekilde yaralanarak iki gece sonra \u015fehit olarak vefat etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Ramazan Ay\u0131nda Yap\u0131lan Evlilikler<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ramazan ay\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen \u00f6nemli sosyo-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel olaylardan biri de bu aya denk gelen evliliklerdir. Hz. Peygamber\u2019in bizzat kendisinin baz\u0131 evlilikleri ramazan ay\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Hz. Peygamber n\u00fcb\u00fcvvetin 10. y\u0131l\u0131 (620) Ramazan ay\u0131nda Osman b. Maz\u2019un\u2019un zevcesi Havle bint H\u00e2kim es-S\u00fclemiyye\u2019nin teklifi ile Hz. Eb\u00fbbekir\u2019in k\u0131z\u0131 Ai\u015fe ve Zem\u2019a\u2019n\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131 Sevde\u2019ye talip olmu\u015ftur. Rivayetlere g\u00f6re bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 \u015f\u00f6yle i\u015flemi\u015ftir: Havle bir g\u00fcn Hz. Peygamber\u2019in evine gelerek ona Hatice\u2019nin yoklu\u011funun hissedildi\u011fini, bu y\u00fczden de Peygamber\u2019in evlenip evlenmek istemedi\u011fini sormu\u015ftur. Hz. Peygamber de b\u00f6yle bir eksikli\u011fin kiminle giderilece\u011fini sorunca Havle ona, Hz. Eb\u00fbbekir\u2019in k\u0131z\u0131 Ai\u015fe ile Zem\u2019a\u2019n\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131 Sevde\u2019yi tavsiye etmi\u015ftir. Bunun \u00fczerine Hz. Peygamber ondan durumu kendileri ile konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015ftir. Havle, ilk olarak Eb\u00fbbekir\u2019in evine giderek durumu onlarla payla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hz. Eb\u00fbbekir, \u00a0Ai\u015fe\u2019nin Hz. Peygamber\u2019in din karde\u015finin k\u0131z\u0131 oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle b\u00f6yle bir evlili\u011fin Hz. Peygamber i\u00e7in helalli\u011fi konusundaki \u015f\u00fcphelerini dile getirmi\u015ftir. Havle Hz. Peygamber\u2019in yan\u0131na d\u00f6nerek Eb\u00fbbekir\u2019in \u00e7ekincesini iletmi\u015ftir. Bunun \u00fczerine Hz. Peygamber, onunla aras\u0131ndaki karde\u015fli\u011fin kan ve s\u00fctkarde\u015fli\u011fi de\u011fil, din karde\u015fli\u011fi oldu\u011funu; bu y\u00fczden b\u00f6yle bir durumun evlili\u011fe engel olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftir. Havle d\u00f6n\u00fcp durumu Hz. Eb\u00fbbekir\u2019e bildirince, o, Mut\u2019im b. Adiy\u2019in o\u011flu C\u00fcbeyr\u2019e ni\u015fanlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ai\u015fe hakk\u0131nda konu\u015fmak \u00fczere Mut\u2019im\u2019in yan\u0131na gitmi\u015ftir. Onun, \u0130slam aleyhine ileri-geri konu\u015fmaya ba\u015flamas\u0131 \u00fczerine ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecek bir evlili\u011fin uygun olmayaca\u011f\u0131na kanaat getiren Hz. Eb\u00fbbekir, ni\u015fan\u0131 atm\u0131\u015f; ard\u0131ndan da Hz. Peygamber\u2019i evine davet ederek Hz. Ai\u015fe\u2019yi kendisine ni\u015fanlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

N\u00fcb\u00fcvvetin 10. y\u0131l\u0131 (620) Ramazan ay\u0131nda \u00a0ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen ni\u015fandan sonra Hz. Peygamber Ai\u015fe ile d\u00f6rt sene sonra Medine\u2019ye hicretin 1. (622) y\u0131l\u0131 \u015eevval ay\u0131nda Medine\u2019de evlenmi\u015flerdir. Baz\u0131 kaynaklarda Hz. Peygamber\u2019in Ai\u015fe ile evlili\u011finin 623 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ramazan ay\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fine dair rivayetler vard\u0131r. Bu evlilik, Hz. Peygamber\u2019in 3. evlili\u011fi idi. Hz. Ai\u015fe d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ile ilgili olarak evde bulundu\u011fu s\u0131rada Peygamber Efendimizin yan\u0131nda Ensardan baz\u0131 kimselerle geldi\u011fini, annesinin kendisini al\u0131p odaya g\u00f6t\u00fcrerek sa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 tarad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, elini-y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc y\u0131kad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ondan sonra da Hz. Peygamber\u2019in bulundu\u011fu odaya g\u00f6t\u00fcrerek ona \u201ci\u015fte e\u015finiz budur; m\u00fcbarek olsun\u201d dedi\u011fini anlat\u0131r. Hz. Ai\u015fe, Sa\u2019d b. Ubade\u2019nin g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi bir k\u00e2se s\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn yeme\u011fi oldu\u011funu, yokluk sebebiyle bir koyun dahi kestirilmedi\u011fini esefle ifade etmi\u015ftir. Hz. Peygamber o s\u00fctten i\u00e7tikten sonra, i\u00e7mesi i\u00e7in Hz. Ai\u015fe\u2019ye ikram etmi\u015f; ancak Ai\u015fe utand\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nce i\u00e7memi\u015f; ancak Hz. Peygamber\u2019in \u0131srar\u0131 \u00fczerine s\u00fct\u00fc al\u0131p i\u00e7mi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Yukar\u0131da da ifade edildi\u011fi \u00fczere, Havle, Ai\u015fe\u2019ye d\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckten sonra, Sevde bint Zem\u2019a\u2019n\u0131n yan\u0131na giderek ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde Peygamber\u2019in evlenme talebini kendisine bildirdi. Sevde ise Havle\u2019ye durumu babas\u0131 ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmesinin daha iyi olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmi\u015ftir. \u00c7ok ya\u015fl\u0131 olan baba Zem\u2019a, Hz. Peygamber\u2019in \u00e7ok \u015ferefli biri oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015f ve k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n konuyla ilgili g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc sormu\u015ftur. Sevde ise onunla nik\u00e2hlanmak istedi\u011fini ancak vefat eden kocas\u0131ndan kalan 5-6 \u00e7ocu\u011fu oldu\u011funu belirterek Hz. Peygamber\u2019e k\u00fclfet olabilece\u011fi endi\u015fesini dile getirmi\u015ftir. Hz. Peygamber\u2019in bu durumun kendisi i\u00e7in problem olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmesi \u00fczerine evlilik ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Hatice\u2019den sonra Hz. Peygamber\u2019in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu ilk evlilik n\u00fcb\u00fcvvetin 10. (620) y\u0131l\u0131 Ramazan ay\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber\u2019in ba\u015fka baz\u0131 evlilikleri de yine Ramazan ay\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Hicretin 3. (625) y\u0131l\u0131 Ramazan ay\u0131nda Zeynep bint Huzeyme ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 evlilik bunlardan biridir. Peygamberimizin e\u015fleri i\u00e7erisinde \u201cUmm\u00fc\u2019l-Mesakin\u201d (Miskinkerin annesi) olarak \u015f\u00f6hret bulan Zeynep bint Huzeyme\u2019nin Hz. Peygamber ile evlili\u011fi ancak 2 veya 3 ay s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Ramazan ay\u0131nda yap\u0131lan evliliklerden biri de Allah Rasul\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn k\u0131z\u0131 Fat\u0131ma ile Ali\u2019nin evlili\u011fidir. Hz. Ali ile Fat\u0131ma\u2019n\u0131n nik\u00e2hlar\u0131 hicretin 2. (624) y\u0131l\u0131 ramazan ay\u0131nda k\u0131y\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnleri ise ayn\u0131 senenin Zilhicce ay\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber\u2019in Ramazan Ay\u0131ndaki Tutum ve Davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber (a.s) ramazan ay\u0131nda topluma \u00f6rnek olacak baz\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar sergiler; toplumda yerle\u015fmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bu \u015fekilde davranmas\u0131n\u0131n sebeplerini de insanlara izah ederdi. Mesela bir g\u00fcn Hz. Safiye itik\u00e2fta olan Hz. Peygamber\u2019i g\u00f6rmeye gelmi\u015f, d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fte de e\u015fi onu u\u011furlamak \u00fczere ona biraz e\u015flik etmi\u015fti. Onlar\u0131 gece vakti g\u00f6ren 2 ki\u015fi h\u0131zl\u0131ca y\u00fcr\u00fcmeye ba\u015flay\u0131nca, Hz. Peygamber onlar\u0131 durdurarak kendilerine yan\u0131ndaki ki\u015finin e\u015fi Safiye oldu\u011funu bildirmi\u015f, a\u00e7\u0131klama yapma sebebini de, \u015feytan\u0131n insan\u0131n damarlar\u0131ndaki kan gibi insan v\u00fccudunda dola\u015farak insana vesvese vermesi \u015feklinde izah etmi\u015ftir. Hz. Peygamber\u2019in ba\u015f\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en bu olay, yanl\u0131\u015f anla\u015f\u0131lmaya mahal olabilecek baz\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n, insanlar\u0131n akl\u0131nda \u015f\u00fcphe b\u0131rakmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber\u2019in Ramazan aylar\u0131nda, senenin di\u011fer aylar\u0131nda oldu\u011fundan daha fazla c\u00f6mert oldu\u011fu belirtilir. O, Ramazan ay\u0131 gelince esirleri serbest b\u0131rak\u0131r; insanlar\u0131n me\u015fru taleplerini de asla geri \u00e7evirmezdi.\u00a0 Bu davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131yla ashab\u0131na da \u00f6rnek olurdu.<\/p>\n

Ramazan Ay\u0131nda Ya\u015fanan Baz\u0131 Toplumsal Olaylar<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber d\u00f6neminde ramazan ay\u0131nda baz\u0131 \u00f6nemli toplumsal olaylar da meydana gelmi\u015ftir. Mesela, \u00a0\u0130sra ve Mira\u00e7, Muhacir-Ensar karde\u015fli\u011fi (mu\u00e2h\u00e2t) gibi toplumsal a\u00e7\u0131dan fevkalade \u00f6nemli baz\u0131 olaylar, Ramazan ay\u0131na denk gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Ramazan ay\u0131nda meydana gelen kurakl\u0131k ile bunun sonucu olarak ya\u011fmur duas\u0131na \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131 da, bu ayda ya\u015fanan toplumsal olaylar aras\u0131nda say\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

\u0130sra ve Mira\u00e7 Hadisesi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber\u2019in 3 y\u0131l s\u00fcren boykotun ard\u0131ndan (616-619) e\u015fi ile amcas\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmesinden sonra uzak akrabalar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu Taife gitmesi ve orada da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tepkiyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131, kendisini son derece \u00fczm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Bu olaylardan sonra Allah\u2019\u0131n bir m\u00fck\u00e2fat\u0131 olmak \u00fczere onu kendi huzuruna \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rmas\u0131 ve ona Mescid-i Aks\u00e2, seman\u0131n katlar\u0131, Cennet ve Cehennem gibi kutsal yerleri g\u00f6stermesi olay\u0131 olan \u0130sra ve Mira\u00e7\u00a0 hadisesinin de baz\u0131 kaynaklarda n\u00fcb\u00fcvvetin 12. y\u0131l\u0131 (621) Ramazan ay\u0131n\u0131n 17. veya 29. g\u00fcn\u00fc\u00a0 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi ifade edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u0130sra ve Mira\u00e7 olay\u0131n\u0131n, Hz. Peygamber\u2019i teselli etmesi yan\u0131nda toplumsal a\u00e7\u0131dan da pek \u00e7ok etkileri oldu\u011fu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Konumuz Hz. Peygamber d\u00f6neminde Ramazan oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, bu ayda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi kabul edilen s\u00f6z konusu olay\u0131n sosyo-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel a\u00e7\u0131dan etkisi de \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Konuyla ilgili b\u00fct\u00fcn tart\u0131\u015fmalar Ramazan ay\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Bilindi\u011fi gibi semav\u00ee yolculu\u011fun d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde Hz. Peygamber, bu gece yolculu\u011fu s\u0131ras\u0131nda ruhi-manevi alanda ba\u015f\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en durum ve olaylar\u0131 etraf\u0131ndakilere anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, kendisini dinleyenlerin g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi tepkilerin de\u011fi\u015fik \u015fekillerde tez\u00e2h\u00fcr etti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bunlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 kendisini alaya alm\u0131\u015flar ve ondan Kud\u00fcs \u015fehrinin g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f ve durumunu anlatmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015flerdi. Di\u011fer bir k\u0131sm\u0131, g\u00fcnlerdir gelmesini bekledikleri ticaret kervanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u015fimdi nerede bulundu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemesini talep etmi\u015flerdi. Yine bu olay\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne tahamm\u00fcl edememi\u015f, \u0130slam\u2019a yeni girmi\u015f baz\u0131 ki\u015filerin dinden \u00e7\u0131kmalar\u0131 da , bu olay\u0131n toplumda yaratm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu etkileri g\u00f6rmemize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir. Hz. Peygamber\u2019e ba\u011fl\u0131 olan insanlar\u0131n ise, Hz. Eb\u00fbbekir gibi, olay kendilerine anlat\u0131l\u0131nca bizzat Peygamber\u2019den duymad\u0131klar\u0131 halde \u201co s\u00f6ylediyse mutlaka do\u011frudur\u201d diyerek, Peygamber\u2019e olan g\u00fcven ve sad\u00e2katlerini ifade etmeleri de toplumun dini a\u00e7\u0131dan farkl\u0131 bir kesiminin durumunu g\u00f6stermesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan dikkat \u00e7ekmekte ve olay\u0131n yank\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Zaten Allah da, bu olay \u00fczerine indirmi\u015f oldu\u011fu ayetlerde, Peygamberine g\u00f6stermi\u015f oldu\u011fu r\u00fcyan\u0131n insanlar aras\u0131nda muhakkak bir fitne ve kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k hali olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Muhacir- Ensar Karde\u015fli\u011fi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber d\u00f6neminde Ramazan ay\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen, dini ve sosyo\u00ack\u00fclt\u00fcrel fevkalade \u00f6nemli bir di\u011fer olay da Mekke\u2019den hicret edip gelen muhacir ile Medineli ensar\u0131n karde\u015f ilan edilmeleridir. Hz. Peygamber, toplum i\u00e7indeki birlik ve beraberli\u011fi sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 karde\u015fle\u015ftirme yoluna gitmi\u015ftir. Bu sebeple Ramazan ay\u0131nda mescide giren Hz. Peygamber, insanlar\u0131 isim isim sayarak yan\u0131na toplam\u0131\u015f; daha sonra da onlara, Allah\u2019\u0131n melekleri karde\u015fle\u015ftirdi\u011fi gibi kendisinin de onlar\u0131 karde\u015fle\u015ftirece\u011fini ilan ederek ba\u015fta Eb\u00fbbekir ve \u00d6mer olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm sahabileri karde\u015f ilan etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Karde\u015fle\u015ftirilen kimselerin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 45\u2019er ki\u015fiden 90 veya 50\u2019\u015fer ki\u015fiden 100 ki\u015fi oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylendi\u011fi gibi, ensardan biriyle karde\u015fle\u015ftirilmeyen hi\u00e7bir muhacirin kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 da rivayet edilmektedir. Karde\u015fle\u015ftirilen ki\u015filerle ilgili kaynaklarda geni\u015f olarak bilgiler verilmekle birlikte biz burada birka\u00e7 \u00f6rnek vermekle yetinece\u011fiz. Bunlardan Eb\u00fb Bekir ile H\u00e2rice b. Zeyd, Abdullah b. Mes\u2019ud ile Mu\u00e2z b. Cebel, Mus\u2019ab b. Umeyr ile Ka\u2019b b. M\u00e2lik, Zeyd b. Harise ile Hz. Hamza, Eb\u00fb H\u00fbzeyfe\u2019nin azatl\u0131s\u0131 S\u00e2lim ile Eb\u00fb Ubeyde b. Cerrah, Bilal-i H\u00e2be\u015fi ile Ubeyde b. H\u00e2ris karde\u015fle\u015ftirilen ki\u015filer aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi Ramazan ay\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen bu faaliyet, rastgele se\u00e7ilen 2 ki\u015finin bir araya getirilmesiyle olu\u015fturulmam\u0131\u015f, bilakis hicretten itibaren 6 ay\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda Peygamber\u2019in M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 iyice tan\u0131yarak, durumlar\u0131n\u0131 inceleyerek ve her \u00e7ift aras\u0131nda ortak vas\u0131flar bularak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Okuma-Yazma Hususuna \u00d6nem Verilmesi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber d\u00f6neminde, Ramazan ay\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen Bedir Sava\u015f\u0131 sonucu ele ge\u00e7irilen Mekkeli m\u00fc\u015friklerden yoksul olanlar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z, okuma-yazma bilenlerin ise on M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u2019a okuma-yazma \u00f6\u011fretmeleri \u015fart\u0131yla serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lmalar\u0131, \u0130slam k\u00fclt\u00fcr tarihi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir olayd\u0131r. Bu olay, ayn\u0131 zamanda M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumun ilme verdi\u011fi \u00f6neme ve Peygamber d\u00f6neminde Ramazan ay\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen k\u00fclt\u00fcrel olaylara da \u00f6rnek te\u015fkil etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Asayi\u015f Problemlerinin Azalmas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber d\u00f6neminde Ramazan ay\u0131nda asayi\u015f problemlerine pek rastlanmazd\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Peygamber (a.s), M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara, orucun bir kalkan oldu\u011funu ve oru\u00e7lunun k\u00f6t\u00fc s\u00f6z s\u00f6ylememesi gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6ylerdi. Oru\u00e7lu kimseyle iti\u015fmek ve dala\u015fmak isteyen olursa, oru\u00e7lu olundu\u011funun ifade edilmesini ve kavga edilmemesini tenbih ederdi. Bu ve benzeri nasihatler, Ramazan ay\u0131nda M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara farkl\u0131 bir davran\u0131\u015f duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ramazan ay\u0131, sadece Hz. Peygamber d\u00f6neminde de\u011fil, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bile pek \u00e7ok olumsuz davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n daha az sergilendi\u011fi bir ay olarak dikkat \u00e7ekmektedir.<\/p>\n

K\u0131tl\u0131k ve Ya\u011fmur Duas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ramazan ay\u0131nda ya\u015fanan ba\u015fka bir sosyo-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel olay da hicretin 6. (628) y\u0131l\u0131nda Medine\u2019de ba\u015f g\u00f6steren \u015fiddetli bir kurakl\u0131kt\u0131r. Hz. Peygamber, bu durum \u00fczerine insanlarla birlikte ya\u011fmur duas\u0131na \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sesli olarak 2 rek\u00e2t namaz k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, k\u0131bleye y\u00f6nelmi\u015f ve elbisesini ters \u00e7evirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Yard\u0131mla\u015fma<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber d\u00f6neminde sosyo-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel olaylar aras\u0131nda yard\u0131mla\u015fma konusu da muhakkak zikredilmelidir. Toplumsal bir olay olan yard\u0131mla\u015fma insanlar aras\u0131nda kayna\u015fmaya ve dayan\u0131\u015fmaya yol a\u00e7an bir eylemdir. Sosyal boyutunun yan\u0131nda dini bir boyutu da olan f\u0131t\u0131r sadakas\u0131 ile onun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda verilen sadakalar, Ramazan ay\u0131n\u0131n en dikkat \u00e7eken yard\u0131mla\u015fma faaliyetleridir.<\/p>\n

Sadaka-i F\u0131t\u0131r<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber, Ramazan orucunun farz k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131yla birlikte f\u0131t\u0131r sadakas\u0131 vererek di\u011fer M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara da vermeleri konusunda emirler vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

F\u0131t\u0131r, s\u00f6zl\u00fckte \u201corucu a\u00e7mak\u201d, dilimize \u201cfitre\u2019\u2019 olarak ge\u00e7en f\u0131tra da \u201cyarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u201d anlam\u0131na gelir. F\u0131k\u0131h kitaplar\u0131nda \u201cF\u0131t\u0131r sadakas\u0131\u201d dini bir terim olarak \u201cRamazan bayram\u0131na kavu\u015fan ve temel ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda belli bir miktar mala sahip olan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n kendileri ve velayetleri alt\u0131ndaki ki\u015filer i\u00e7in yerine getirmekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc olduklar\u0131 m\u00e2li bir ibadettir.\u201d \u015feklinde tarif edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

F\u0131t\u0131r sadakas\u0131, Ramazan orucunun farz k\u0131l\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 hicri ikinci y\u0131lda zorunlu k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hz. Peygamber f\u0131t\u0131r sadakas\u0131n\u0131 1 sa\u2019 hurma veya 1 sa\u2019 arpa olmak \u00fczere kad\u0131n, erkek, h\u00fcr ve k\u00f6le her M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u2019a farz oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Peygamber Efendimiz bu sadakay\u0131 bayram namaz\u0131ndan \u00f6nce verir, f\u0131t\u0131r sadakas\u0131n\u0131n insanlar hen\u00fcz bayram namaz\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kmadan \u00f6nce verilmesini emrederdi.\u00a0 Hz. Peygamber zaman\u0131nda sadaka-i f\u0131t\u0131r, oru\u00e7luyu bo\u015f ve anlams\u0131z s\u00f6z ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n kir ve pas\u0131ndan ar\u0131nd\u0131rmak, hay\u00e2 d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u015feylerin is ve izinden temizlemek ve miskinlere ekonomik anlamda destek olmak amac\u0131yla farz k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Fakirin bayrama haz\u0131rl\u0131k yapabilmesi i\u00e7in de fitrenin bayramdan \u00f6nce verilmesi makbul kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Bayram namaz\u0131ndan sonra verenler i\u00e7in de sadakalardan bir sadaka oldu\u011fu ifade edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamberin emri ve de toplumsal dayan\u0131\u015fma a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemine binaen sahabiler de k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck-b\u00fcy\u00fck, h\u00fcr-k\u00f6le herkes i\u00e7in f\u0131t\u0131r sadakas\u0131 verirlerdi. \u00c7e\u015fitli vesilelerle sahabilere tavsiyede bulunan Hz. Peygamber bir g\u00fcn, verecek bir \u015feyi olmayan Zeyd b. Sabit\u2019e, \u00f6nemsiz bir \u015fey dahi olsa, halkla birlikte f\u0131t\u0131r sadakas\u0131 vermesini tavsiye etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Sadaka<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber, her daim insanlara yard\u0131m eder, sadaka verir ve verilmesini de emrederdi. O, kendisinden bir \u015fey isteyen olursa, hi\u00e7 kimseyi geri \u00e7evirmezdi. Peygamber (a.s), sadaka verme hususunda ashab\u0131n\u0131 da te\u015fvik eder; Allah yolunda \u00e7ift sadaka veren kimsenin, cennetin muhtelif kap\u0131lar\u0131ndan \u201cEy Allah\u2019\u0131n sevgili kulu! Burada hay\u0131r ve bereket vard\u0131r.\u201d diye \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcjdelerdi.<\/p>\n

Peygamber (a.s)\u2019a, hangi sadakan\u0131n daha efd\u00e2l oldu\u011fu soruldu\u011funda Ramazanda verilen sadaka oldu\u011funu haber vermi\u015ftir.\u00a0 Bir defas\u0131nda Hz. Peygamber, Ramazan bayram\u0131 sabah\u0131nda, bayram namaz\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131ld\u0131rd\u0131ktan sonra erkeklerin saflar\u0131n\u0131 yararak kad\u0131nlar\u0131n yan\u0131na gitmi\u015f, onlara verdikleri biat\u0131 hat\u0131rlatt\u0131ktan sonra sadaka vermelerini emretmi\u015ftir. Kad\u0131nlar da elbisesini yayan Bilal\u2019in kuca\u011f\u0131na halkalar\u0131n\u0131, y\u00fcz\u00fcklerini atarak onun sadaka ile ilgili emrine riayet etmi\u015f, bu konuda ne kadar hassas olduklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

Bayram<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber d\u00f6neminde sosyo-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel faaliyetler aras\u0131nda bayram, bayram sevinci ve bayramda yap\u0131lan kutlamalar da \u00f6nemli bir yer tutmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Peygamber (a.s), Ramazan ay\u0131nda oru\u00e7 tutan m\u00fc\u2019minler i\u00e7in bir nevi m\u00fck\u00e2fat olan bayram\u00a0 gecelerini de ibadetle ge\u00e7irir; bu \u015fekilde ge\u00e7irmelerini ashab\u0131na da tavsiye ederdi. Bayram, nefsin k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fckleri de\u011fil, iyilikleri devam ettirme kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sevinci oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in Hz. Peygamber bu gecelerde inanarak ve sevab\u0131n\u0131 Allah\u2019tan umarak ibadet edenlerin, kalplerin \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00fcnde kalplerinin \u00f6lmeyece\u011fini m\u00fcjdelemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Ramazan bayram\u0131, ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanm\u0131\u015f olman\u0131n bir sevin\u00e7 i\u015faretidir. Bu ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanma m\u00fcjdesini insanlara melekler vermi\u015ftir. Rasulullah (a.s), Ramazan bayram\u0131 sabah\u0131 meleklerin yollara d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara, keremi bol olan Rablerinin rahmetine ko\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc onun bol iyilik ve ihsan sahibi oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylediklerini haber verirdi. Meleklerin M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara, gece ibadeti ile me\u015fgul olmalar\u0131, oru\u00e7 tutmalar\u0131 ve Rablerine itaat etmeleri dolay\u0131s\u0131yla m\u00fck\u00e2fat alacaklar\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcjdelediklerini de bildirirdi. Bayram namaz\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131ndan sonra da meleklerden bir m\u00fcnadinin M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 m\u00fcjdeleyerek Rablerinin onlar\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu g\u00fcn\u00fcn m\u00fck\u00e2fat g\u00fcn\u00fc oldu\u011funu hayk\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirirdi.<\/p>\n

Peygamber, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar i\u00e7in bir nevi m\u00fck\u00e2fat olan bu bayram g\u00fcnlerinde oru\u00e7 tutmaz ve oru\u00e7 tutmaktan men ederdi.\u00a0 Ayr\u0131ca O, Ramazan bayram\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fc sabahleyin tek say\u0131da bir \u015fey, birka\u00e7 taze hurma yemeden namaza \u00e7\u0131kmazd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber \u00e7o\u011fu zaman Hz. Ali, Hasan, H\u00fcseyin, Fadl, karde\u015fi Abdullah b. Abbas, Usame, karde\u015fi Eymen ve babas\u0131 Zeyd ile birlikte bayram yerine giderdi.<\/p>\n

Efendimiz ve yan\u0131ndakiler namaz k\u0131l\u0131nacak yere gidinceye kadar yol boyunca \u201cAllah-u ekber, Allah-u ekber\u201d diyerek y\u00fcksek sesle tekbir getirirdi.<\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber Ramazan bayram\u0131n\u0131n ilk g\u00fcn\u00fcnde musallaya \u00e7\u0131kar; evvela namaz\u0131 k\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131. Namaz\u0131 k\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131p selam verince, cemaat namaz k\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 yerde otururken aya\u011fa kalkar ve insanlara d\u00f6nerdi. Sonra Bilal\u2019e dayanarak ayak\u00fcst\u00fc durup Allah\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 takva \u00fczere bulunulmas\u0131n\u0131 emrederek Allah\u2019a itaate te\u015fvik bab\u0131nda halka vaaz ve nasihatte bulunurdu. \u015eayet bir askeri birlik g\u00f6nderilmesi g\u00fcndemde ise, bunu insanlara hat\u0131rlat\u0131r ya da g\u00fcndemde ba\u015fka bir konu varsa bunu insanlara a\u00e7ar ve onlarla isti\u015farede bulunurdu.\u00a0 Hz. Peygamber, daha sonra kad\u0131nlar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu tarafa giderek onlara da benzer \u015fekilde vaaz ve nasihatlerde bulunurdu.\u00a0 Bir defas\u0131nda hutbeden sonra yan\u0131nda Bilal oldu\u011fu halde kad\u0131nlar\u0131n saflar\u0131na kadar giderek, \u201cEy Peygamber! M\u00fc\u2019min kad\u0131nlar sana bey \u2019atla\u015fmaya geldikleri zaman bey \u2019atlar\u0131n\u0131 kabul et, onlar i\u00e7in ma\u011ffiret isteyiver. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Allah \u00e7ok ma\u011ffiret edici, \u00e7ok merhamet eyleyicidir.\u201d ayetini okuyarak onlara, bu bey\u2019atlerini tutup tutumad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 sormu\u015f; i\u00e7lerinden bir kad\u0131n (ki kad\u0131nlar i\u00e7inde ondan ba\u015fkas\u0131 Peygamber\u2019e cevap vermemi\u015ftir), \u201cevet\u201d, deyince Peygamber (as) onlara sadaka vermelerini emretmi\u015f, onlar da hemen \u00fczerlerindeki ziynetleri Peygamber Efendimizin yan\u0131nda bulunan Bilal\u2019in ete\u011fine atmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber d\u00f6neminde kad\u0131nlarla birlikte, \u00e7ocuklar da bayram namaz\u0131na kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Allah\u2019\u0131n el\u00e7isi \u00e7ocuklara ilgi g\u00f6sterir, selam verir, ba\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 ok\u015far, \u015fakala\u015f\u0131r ve sevindirmek amac\u0131yla kendilerine hediyeler verirdi. Ayr\u0131ca o, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n kabirlerini de ziyaret eder, duada bulunur ve buralardan ibret al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 isterdi.<\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber d\u00f6neminde bayramlarda tebrikle\u015fme de vard\u0131. Herkes birbirinin bayram\u0131n\u0131 tebrik eder, sevin\u00e7 g\u00f6sterilerinde bulunurdu.\u00a0 Bayram, gen\u00e7 sahabilerden Semure b. C\u00fcnd\u00fcb\u2019\u00fc \u00e7ok heyecanland\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131. Bunun i\u00e7in bayram\u0131n gelmesini \u00f6zlemle bekler, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sevin\u00e7le bayram namaz\u0131na ko\u015fard\u0131. Semure, Hz. Peygamber ile k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bayram namazlar\u0131nda Efendimiz\u2019in \u201c Sebbih ismi Rabbikel A\u2019la\u201d ve \u201cHel etake hadis\u00fc\u2019l-\u011fa\u015fiye\u201d surelerini okudu\u011funu s\u00f6ylerdi.<\/p>\n

Hz. Ai\u015fe de Hz. Peygamber hayatta iken bayramda e\u011flenmek i\u00e7in d\u00fczenledikleri oyun ve g\u00f6sterileri anlatarak bizzat ba\u015f\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en baz\u0131 olaylar\u0131 payla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mesela Hz. Ai\u015fe, bir bayram g\u00fcn\u00fc siyahilerin kalkan ve m\u0131zraklar\u0131 ile g\u00f6steri yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, Peygamber\u2019in izin vermesiyle kendisinin de yoruluncaya kadar Hz. Peygamber\u2019in arkas\u0131nda durup bu g\u00f6steriyi izleyip e\u011flendi\u011fini anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hatta siyah\u00eeler g\u00f6steri yaparken Peygamber\u2019in onlar\u0131 te\u015fvik edici s\u00f6zler s\u00f6yledi\u011fini de ilave etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Hz. Ai\u015fe\u2019nin bayramla ilgili ba\u015fka bir an\u0131s\u0131 daha kaynaklara yans\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bayramda e\u011flenmek i\u00e7in evine 2 cariye geldi\u011fini belirten Ai\u015fe, bunlar\u0131n def \u00e7al\u0131p Medinelilerin yapt\u0131klar\u0131 Buas Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131 anlatan \u015fiirler okuduklar\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131r. Hatta cariyeler evde iken Hz. Peygamber\u2019in eve geldi\u011fini, onlar\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc halde bir \u015fey demeden \u00f6rt\u00fcye b\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcp yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bir m\u00fcddet sonra ise babas\u0131 Eb\u00fbbekir\u2019in gelip onlara k\u0131zd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131r. Bunun \u00fczerine Peygamber (a.s), Eb\u00fbbekir\u2019e bu \u015fekilde davranmamas\u0131n\u0131, di\u011fer milletlerin bayram\u0131 gibi, bug\u00fcn\u00fcn de M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n bayram\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirterek bu t\u00fcr e\u011flencelerin bir sak\u0131ncas\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Nazan Atalay, Marmara \u00dcniv. Hz. \u201cPeygamber D\u00f6nemi Ramazan G\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u201d adl\u0131 Y\u00fcksek Lisans Tezinden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hz. Peygamber d\u00f6neminde ramazan deyince, d\u00f6nemin sosyo-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00f6zelliklerinin g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131n\u0131p incelenmesi gerekir. Bu d\u00f6nemde ramazan ay\u0131nda toplumda meydana gelen baz\u0131 \u00f6nemli hadiseler, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel olaylar, ya\u015fanan sosyal durumlar bu ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda incelenmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Ramazan Ay\u0131nda Do\u011fanlar Baz\u0131 kaynaklarda Hz. Peygamber\u2019in bizzat kendisinin de ramazan ay\u0131nda do\u011fdu\u011fu ile ilgili bilgiler mevcuttur. Mesela \u0130bn Kesir\u2019de ge\u00e7en bir …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2949,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,6],"tags":[321,103,306,614,53,186],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2948"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2948"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2948\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2951,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2948\/revisions\/2951"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2949"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2948"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2948"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2948"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}