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{"id":3253,"date":"2015-12-29T15:52:20","date_gmt":"2015-12-29T13:52:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/?p=3253"},"modified":"2015-12-31T15:57:31","modified_gmt":"2015-12-31T13:57:31","slug":"insani-yukseltme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/yazilar\/insani-yukseltme\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 Ba\u015fyaz\u0131lar\u0131: \u0130nsan\u0131 Y\u00fckseltme"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/header>\n
\n

S<\/span>enin m\u00e2hiyetin hatta meleklerden de ulv\u00eedir.
\nAv\u00e2lim sende p\u00fcnhand\u0131r, cihanlar sende matv\u00eedir.<\/strong> M.A.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsan, her felsef\u00ee ve ilm\u00ee g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn temel mevzuudur. O hesaba kat\u0131lmadan ne bir felsefe yapmak, ne de ilimlere ge\u00e7mek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Fizi\u011fiyle, metafizi\u011fiyle ilimlere mevzu odur ve onun d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki her \u015feyin, onunla m\u00fcnasebeti nispetinde bir a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve k\u0131ymeti vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130limler kol kol onun etraf\u0131nda k\u00fcmelenir ve onun \u00e7e\u015fitli y\u00f6nlerinden bahisler a\u00e7arlar. Kitaplar ona ko\u015far, onunla dolar ve etrafa nur sa\u00e7arlar.<\/p>\n

V\u00fcc\u00fbdunun bi\u00e7imi ve fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fckemmel ayarlanmas\u0131yla, inan\u0131lmayacak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ide\u00e2l bir yap\u0131 olan bu varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn, uzuvlar\u0131ndan hangisinin anatomisine e\u011filirsek e\u011filelim, kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda hayranl\u0131k duymamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Ya i\u00e7 \u00e2lemindeki derinlik ve devaml\u0131 buutla\u015fabilme istid\u00e2d\u0131… Kompleks bir beyin ve madd\u00ee \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcler i\u00e7inde bulan\u0131k bir mahiyet arz eden ruh; sonra bu iki s\u0131rl\u0131 varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n tam bir \u00e2henk i\u00e7indeki m\u00fcnasebeti… Bunlar\u0131n her birerleri, o muhte\u015fem \u00e2bidenin ta\u00e7 tabakas\u0131ndaki renklerden, bill\u00fbrla\u015fan man\u00e2lard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Biz \u015fimdilik, ne \u015fu muhte\u015fem z\u00e2hire, ne de bu men\u015furla az bu\u00e7uk sezebildi\u011fimiz b\u00e2t\u0131na temas etmeyecek ve sadece onu y\u00fckselten bir-iki istidat ve kabiliyetinden s\u00f6z edece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsan her \u015feyi ile anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 bir varl\u0131kt\u0131r. Gariplik ve tuhafl\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00fcnyaya geli\u015fiyle ba\u015flar ve devam eder. Onun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda her canl\u0131 d\u00fcnyaya ayak basarken, ba\u015fka bir \u00e2lemde yeti\u015ftirilmi\u015f gibi, hayat kanunlar\u0131na \u00e2\u015fina ve en m\u00fckemmel insiyaklarla gelir. O ise, en muhte\u015fem ve m\u00fcbeccel bir varl\u0131k olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, b\u00fct\u00fcn bu insiyaklardan ve hayat i\u00e7in gerekli fonksiyonlardan mahrum olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kar. Onun hayvan\u00ee mevcudiyetinin mekanik nizam\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fan her \u015fey, ak\u0131l, zihin, irade, h\u00fcrriyet, his ve i\u00e7 m\u00fc\u015fahede sayesinde burada te\u015fekk\u00fcl eder. \u0130\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne bu suretle kavu\u015fur ve benli\u011fine de ancak bu yolla erer.<\/p>\n

Onda bir niyet ve gelece\u011fin b\u00fcy\u00fck adam\u0131 olma remzinden ibaret olan bu istid\u00e2tlar, ancak talim ve terbiye ile inki\u015faf ettirilir. \u0130\u00e7 m\u00fc\u015fahede ve mur\u00e2kabe ile buutla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Onu insiyaklar\u0131na terk etmek ise, en m\u00fckemmel \u015fey olma yolundaki bir n\u00fcveyi veya n\u00fcveler toplulu\u011funu, en pesp\u00e2ye, en sefil ve en ac\u0131nacak h\u00e2lde b\u0131rakmak demektir.<\/p>\n

Aslan, kendisi i\u00e7in gerekli olan pen\u00e7esiyle, s\u0131\u011f\u0131r boynuzuyla, k\u00f6pek de di\u015fiyle d\u00fcnyaya geldikleri h\u00e2lde, insan; b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fcdafaa ve taarruz vas\u0131talar\u0131n\u0131 kendi haz\u0131rlama durumunda buraya g\u00f6nderilir.<\/p>\n

Hayat\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli olan her \u015feyi celp etmede, zararl\u0131 her \u015feyi de defetmede, basiret ve zek\u00e2s\u0131yla; irade ve akl\u0131yla, icat etti\u011fi \u015feyleri kullanacak ve bunlarla ferd\u00ee ve insan\u00ee d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131.. huzur dolu insan\u00ee d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 kuracakt\u0131r. Sonra da meydana getirdi\u011fi eserleri, g\u00f6n\u00fcl ve fikir d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda kurdu\u011fu, ya\u015fatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferleri gelecek nesillere b\u0131rakacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6yle yapacakt\u0131r; zira o, sadece i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu \u00e2n\u0131 ya\u015famamaktad\u0131r. Ge\u00e7mi\u015f ve gelecek zamanlar, onun nazar\u0131nda diri ve mevcudiyetinden birer par\u00e7ad\u0131rlar. Onun i\u00e7indir ki, ge\u00e7mi\u015ften bug\u00fcne tefekk\u00fcr ve ilim hayat\u0131m\u0131za hizmet edenler, say ve gayretlerinin semerelerini bizzat g\u00f6rmemelerine ra\u011fmen, f\u00fctur getirmemi\u015f ve nemel\u00e2z\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa d\u00fc\u015fmemi\u015flerdir. \u0130nsanl\u0131k i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f, didinmi\u015f, ilim ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr ad\u0131na y\u0131\u011f\u0131n y\u0131\u011f\u0131n miras b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. E\u011fer b\u00f6yle olmasayd\u0131, bug\u00fcn yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde ne ilimden, ne de medeniyetten s\u00f6z etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130lim, hars ve medeniyet miras\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda, m\u00fckemmel ve faziletli insan da, yine be\u015fer\u00ee say ve cehtin semeresidir. Onun istid\u00e2tlar\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirme, davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 pl\u00e2nlama; iyiye ve fazilete sevk etme, hep kendi nev’inin eliyle olmu\u015ftur. B\u00fct\u00fcn tarih boyunca, bir nesil, di\u011fer bir neslin terbiyesini derpi\u015f etmi\u015f ve bunu kendine vazife bilmi\u015ftir… Bu itibarla, \u00f6ncekilerin sonrakilere en b\u00fcy\u00fck arma\u011fan\u0131 da, iyi bir terbiye olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Terbiye; insan\u0131n, hayvan\u00ee tem\u00e2y\u00fclleri dolay\u0131s\u0131yla gayesinden, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ayr\u0131lmas\u0131na m\u00e2ni olur. Hareket ve faaliyetlerinin hududunu tayin ederek ba\u015f\u0131bo\u015f b\u0131rak\u0131lmamas\u0131n\u0131 ve yozla\u015fmamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Ayn\u0131 zamanda terbiye; insan\u0131n, beraberinde d\u00fcnyaya getirdi\u011fi kabiliyetleri de inki\u015faf ettirir ve insan r\u00fbhunda mekn\u00ee ve sakl\u0131 potansiyelin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na yard\u0131m eder.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsanda hep iyinin ve g\u00fczelin n\u00fcveleri vard\u0131r. K\u00f6t\u00fcn\u00fcn ve \u00e7irkinli\u011fin n\u00fcveleri yoktur. \u015eehvet, \u00f6fke ve intikam gibi \u015feyler bile bir bak\u0131ma, dolayl\u0131 g\u00fczellikler i\u00e7in fidanl\u0131klar h\u00fckm\u00fcndedir. Ancak, \u015furas\u0131 da unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r ki, m\u00fcspet-menfi her \u015feyde g\u00f6r\u00fclen g\u00fczellik, bir terbiye mahs\u00fbl\u00fc oldu\u011fu gibi, bizzat insan\u0131n insan olmas\u0131 da yine, bir terbiyeye m\u00fcsteniddir. Ak\u0131l, irade ve i\u00e7 m\u00fc\u015fahedeye b\u00fct\u00fcn fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131 eda ettirecek bir terbiyeye… \u0130nsan\u0131, hayvan\u00ee mevcudiyetin fevkine \u00e7\u0131karan, onu ill\u00ee kanunlara g\u00f6re cereyan eden tabiat kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda otonom yapan, sonra da onu, ‘Mutlak, H\u00fcr ve Muhtar’ olan bir mevcuda ba\u011flayan ay\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6zellik onun akl\u00ee bir varl\u0131k olmas\u0131nda, irade ve i\u00e7 m\u00fc\u015fahedeye m\u00e2lik bulunmas\u0131nda aranmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ak\u0131l, felsef\u00ee tarifiyle: ‘Kanun ve prensiplerden hareket ederek, umum\u00ee olandan husus\u00ee h\u00e2lleri \u00e7\u0131karan bir kabiliyettir.’ Hayvanla insan aras\u0131ndaki mahiyet fark\u0131n\u0131n temelinde de, bilhassa bu faal ak\u0131l g\u00f6z\u00fckmektedir ki, bu da insanl\u0131\u011fa has bir nimettir.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsan\u0131, insan yapan \u00e2millerin ba\u015f\u0131nda ak\u0131l gelir; ne var ki o, m\u00fckemmelle\u015ftirilmi\u015f \u015fekli ve olgunla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f h\u00e2liyle de\u011fil de, basit ve kapal\u0131 olarak insana verilmi\u015ftir. \u0130nsan, kendisi ile hayvan aras\u0131ndaki bu mahiyet fark\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirerek, inki\u015faf ettirme mecburiyetindedir. Ak\u0131l, i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnya aras\u0131nda kordon durumuna gelip, vicdanla birle\u015fince apayr\u0131 bir h\u00fcviyet al\u0131r. Buna \u015fayet (bulunu\u015fla) (bulu\u015fun) birle\u015fmesi denecekse, vicdan da, amel\u00ee bak\u0131mdan h\u00fck\u00fcm veren, hareket ve istik\u00e2metimizi g\u00f6steren (ak\u0131l) durumuna gelir. Akl\u0131n zihinle\u015fip, kendi vazifesini eda etmesinde en son gaye, en ulv\u00ee ide\u00e2l ise, ALLAH marifetine ermektir. Bu marifete eren ak\u0131l veya zihin, kem\u00e2le vas\u0131l olmu\u015f ve vicdan\u00ee m\u00fckellefiyetlerin de alt\u0131na girmi\u015f demektir.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsan\u0131 insan yapan hususlardan biri de onun h\u00fcrriyetidir: Yani, kendi hareketlerini kendinin tayin etmesi, faal bir akla, ‘otonomiye’ malik olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu sayede insan, canl\u0131-cans\u0131z b\u00fct\u00fcn tabiat\u0131n fevkine \u00e7\u0131kar; hareketlerini kontrol etme ve hesab\u0131n\u0131 verme kabiliyetini kazan\u0131r. \u0130nsan\u0131 makina g\u00f6ren ve onun iradesini ink\u00e2r edenlerle, \u00e7ok sath\u00ee ve banal g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc bir k\u0131s\u0131m pozitivist ve materyalist \u00e7evrelerin, kayda de\u011fmeyen m\u00fctal\u00e2alar\u0131 bertaraf edilecek olursa, h\u00fcrriyet ve insan iradesi hesaba kat\u0131lmadan, ne ahl\u00e2k\u00eeli\u011fi, ne de l\u00e2ahl\u00e2k\u00eeli\u011fi izah etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Demek ki, insanda h\u00fcr ve muhtar bir y\u00f6n\u00fcn, yani, tabiattaki kanunlar taraf\u0131ndan tayin edilmeyen bir cihetin mevcut oldu\u011funu ve bunun da ahl\u00e2ka mesnet te\u015fkil etti\u011fini kabul etmek, bir y\u00fcce \u00e2leme muhatap olma, sonra da b\u00f6yle bir muhatap olmaya terett\u00fcp eden m\u00fckellefiyetleri yerine getirme; d\u0131\u015f telkin ve i\u00e7 m\u00fc\u015fahede ile iyiyi, k\u00f6t\u00fcy\u00fc tefrik etme gibi durumlardan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc zaruri g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

Daha sonra, d\u0131\u015f \u00e2lemle al\u00e2kal\u0131 kavray\u0131\u015flar ve i\u00e7 imtis\u00e2slar -man\u00e2lar\u0131n nurdan h\u00fczmeler h\u00e2linde vicdanda makes bulmas\u0131 ve do\u011frulanmas\u0131- imk\u00e2n \u00e2leminin ver\u00e2s\u0131na menfezler a\u00e7ar ki, bu devrede insan, i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 mek\u00e2n buutlar\u0131ndan yukar\u0131lara do\u011fru y\u00fckselme hisseder. Akl\u0131n cevel\u00e2n\u0131, iradenin kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve m\u00fc\u015fahedenin sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re ‘mi’rac’ diyece\u011fimiz b\u00f6yle bir husus, her ferd i\u00e7in bahis mevzuudur ve her ferd elindeki k\u00e2se ve i\u00e7indeki kevsere g\u00f6re bundan hissed\u00e2r olur.<\/p>\n

Bunun \u00f6tesinde ise, en k\u00e2mil dima\u011flar\u0131n, en muhte\u015fem iradelerin ve en derin i\u00e7 m\u00fc\u015fahede ve zevk sahiplerinin ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir nokta vard\u0131r ki; o da, varl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z arkas\u0131nda varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, irademizde iradesini, hissimizde bildirip erdirmesini bize duyuran ve bizi bu ne\u015fveye erdiren muhte\u015fem Yarat\u0131c\u0131’n\u0131n e\u015fsiz g\u00fczelli\u011fini m\u00fc\u015fahede etmektir.<\/p>\n

As\u0131rlardan beri insan\u0131m\u0131z, bu ulv\u00ee yolculu\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 yabanc\u0131 ve big\u00e2nedir. Onu, mahiyetinin marifetine erdirmek; akl\u0131n\u0131 inki\u015faf ettirip iradesine fer getirmek, his \u00e2lemini durula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p tabiat\u0131n m\u00e2ver\u00e2s\u0131yla temas\u0131n\u0131 temin etmek, b\u00fcy\u00fck terbiyecilerimizin vazifesidir.<\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn terbiyecilere bir kere daha seslenip il\u00e2n ediyoruz ki; makina \u00e7arklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda makinala\u015fan neslimize, onu insan k\u0131lacak terbiyeyi vermede, \u015fayet biraz daha gecikecek olursan\u0131z, tarih \u00f6n\u00fcnde b\u00fct\u00fcn bir yamyamla\u015fman\u0131n sorumlusu sizler olacaks\u0131n\u0131z!<\/p>\n

Yazar: Fethullah G\u00fclen, S\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131, Temmuz 1979, Cilt 1, Say\u0131 6 Tarih:

Senin m\u00e2hiyetin hatta meleklerden de ulv\u00eedir. Av\u00e2lim sende p\u00fcnhand\u0131r, cihanlar sende matv\u00eedir. M.A. \u0130nsan, her felsef\u00ee ve ilm\u00ee g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn temel mevzuudur. O hesaba kat\u0131lmadan ne bir felsefe yapmak, ne de ilimlere ge\u00e7mek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Fizi\u011fiyle, metafizi\u011fiyle ilimlere mevzu odur ve onun d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki her \u015feyin, onunla m\u00fcnasebeti nispetinde bir a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve k\u0131ymeti vard\u0131r. \u0130limler kol kol …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3254,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,1189],"tags":[74,1190,23,273,36,420,58,285,41,219],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3253"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3253"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3253\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3273,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3253\/revisions\/3273"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3254"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3253"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3253"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3253"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}