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{"id":3747,"date":"2016-03-25T21:09:30","date_gmt":"2016-03-25T19:09:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/?p=3747"},"modified":"2016-03-25T21:09:30","modified_gmt":"2016-03-25T19:09:30","slug":"sizinti-basyazilari-medeniyet-ve-mefhum-kargasasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/yazilar\/sizinti-basyazilari-medeniyet-ve-mefhum-kargasasi\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131 Ba\u015fyaz\u0131lar\u0131 : Medeniyet ve Mefhum Karga\u015fas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Eskilerce medeniyet; k\u00f6y, kasaba, \u015fehir nerede olursa olsun, insan\u00ee duygu ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce etraf\u0131nda toplanm\u0131\u015f ruhlar\u0131n, insan olmalar\u0131n\u0131 idr\u00e2k \u015fuuruyla bir arada ya\u015famalar\u0131 \u015feklinde tarif edilirdi. M\u00e2hiyet itibariyle medenile\u015fmeye m\u00fcsait olarak yarat\u0131lan insano\u011flu, varl\u0131\u011fa erdi\u011fi g\u00fcnden bu yana, bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde hep meden\u00ee olabilmi\u015f ise de, onun ger\u00e7ek m\u00e2n\u00e2da medenile\u015fmesi, duygu, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, his ve ir\u00e2de g\u00fcc\u00fcyle kendini g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi anlara rastlar. V\u00e2k\u0131a onu, sanayideki ba\u015f d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc muvaffakiyetleri, teknik ve teknolojik sahalardaki yenilikleri; trenleri, transatlantikleri, tayy\u00e2re ve feza gemileri; b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehir, geni\u015f cadde ve y\u00fcksek binalar\u0131; barajlar\u0131, dev platformlar\u0131, rafinerileri ve n\u00fckleer santralleriyle meden\u00ee g\u00f6rmek isteyenler de olacakt\u0131r, ama; bu hususlar, insan\u0131n ins\u00e2n\u00ee duygu ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fti\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde, onun m\u00fcreffeh ya\u015famas\u0131na birer v\u00e2s\u0131ta olsalar bile kat’iyen medeniyet esaslar\u0131 say\u0131lamazlar.<\/p>\n

Eskilerce medeniyet; k\u00f6y, kasaba, \u015fehir nerede olursa olsun, insan\u00ee duygu ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce etraf\u0131nda toplanm\u0131\u015f ruhlar\u0131n, insan olmalar\u0131n\u0131 idr\u00e2k \u015fuuruyla bir arada ya\u015famalar\u0131 \u015feklinde tarif edilirdi. M\u00e2hiyet itibariyle medenile\u015fmeye m\u00fcsait olarak yarat\u0131lan insano\u011flu, varl\u0131\u011fa erdi\u011fi g\u00fcnden bu yana, bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde hep meden\u00ee olabilmi\u015f ise de, onun ger\u00e7ek m\u00e2n\u00e2da medenile\u015fmesi, duygu, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, his ve ir\u00e2de g\u00fcc\u00fcyle kendini g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi anlara rastlar. V\u00e2k\u0131a onu, sanayideki ba\u015f d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc muvaffakiyetleri, teknik ve teknolojik sahalardaki yenilikleri; trenleri, transatlantikleri, tayy\u00e2re ve feza gemileri; b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehir, geni\u015f cadde ve y\u00fcksek binalar\u0131; barajlar\u0131, dev platformlar\u0131, rafinerileri ve n\u00fckleer santralleriyle meden\u00ee g\u00f6rmek isteyenler de olacakt\u0131r, ama; bu hususlar, insan\u0131n ins\u00e2n\u00ee duygu ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fti\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde, onun m\u00fcreffeh ya\u015famas\u0131na birer v\u00e2s\u0131ta olsalar bile kat’iyen medeniyet esaslar\u0131 say\u0131lamazlar.<\/p>\n

Evet, geni\u015f imk\u00e2n ve modern v\u00e2s\u0131talarla hayat\u0131n \u00e7ehresi de\u011fi\u015febilir, ya\u015fama modernize edilmi\u015f say\u0131labilir; ancak, b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlarla insan\u0131n meden\u00eele\u015fti\u011fi s\u00f6ylenemez. Medeniyet, insan istid\u00e2t ve kabiliyetlerinin geli\u015fmesine m\u00fcs\u00e2it bir iklim ve atmosfer; meden\u00ee insan da, o vasatta, duygu ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi itib\u00e2riyle inki\u015f\u00e2f edip geli\u015fen ve geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi y\u00fcksek duygular\u0131yla toplumun emrine giren insand\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu itibarlad\u0131r ki, o ruh\u00ee ve zihn\u00ee bir vak’a olarak; zenginlik, l\u00fcks, saray ve apartman gibi cism\u00e2n\u00ee refah unsurlar\u0131nda; istihs\u00e2l ve istihlak gibi beden\u00ee duygu gayy\u00e2lar\u0131nda aranmamal\u0131, belki, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f tarz\u0131, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce sistemi gibi zihn\u00ee vakalarda aranmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

D\u00fcnden bug\u00fcne bir k\u0131s\u0131m kimseler, medeniyeti, refaha hizmet eden vas\u0131talar\u0131n bolluk ve modernle\u015ftirilmesinde aram\u0131\u015f ve medenile\u015fme ad\u0131na kitlelere hep bu noktay\u0131 g\u00f6stermi\u015flerdir. Z\u00e2yi edilen bunca zaman ve arkada b\u0131rak\u0131lan koskoca bir ‘\u00f6mr-\u00fc heder’den sonra olsun o, ruhta, ruhun tek\u00e2m\u00fcl\u00fcnde ve insan\u0131n kendini yenilemesinde aranmal\u0131 de\u011fil miydi? S\u00f6z\u00fcn \u00f6z\u00fc, medeniyet al\u0131n\u0131p ba\u015fa ge\u00e7irilecek bir urba olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 idr\u00e2kla zaman-\u015fartlar-insan \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcs\u00fc i\u00e7inde ele al\u0131n\u0131p aheste aheste, \u015fartlar kollanarak ve insan\u0131n geli\u015fmesi i\u00e7in gerekli olan zaman hesaba kat\u0131larak, akl\u00ee ve mant\u0131k\u00ee bir \u00e7izgide ide\u00e2lize edilmeli ve y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar aldat\u0131lmamal\u0131yd\u0131..!<\/p>\n

Medeniyet ba\u015fka, modernle\u015fme ba\u015fkad\u0131r. Birincisinde insan; g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce tarz\u0131, insan\u00ee yanlar\u0131yla; ikincisinde ise, beden\u00ee hazlar\u0131, ya\u015fama v\u00e2s\u0131ta ve imk\u00e2nlar\u0131yla de\u011fi\u015fip yenilenmektedir.<\/p>\n

Ne var ki, mefhum karga\u015fas\u0131yla yan\u0131lt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f nesiller; isim ve mefhumlar\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015f kullana kullana, \u00f6nce if\u00e2de ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce tarz\u0131nda yan\u0131lt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, sonra da \u00e7arp\u0131k ve bozuk d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin zihinlere yerle\u015fmesiyle din, dil, mill\u00ee felsefe, ahl\u00e2k ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrde sapt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve dejenere edilmi\u015flerdir. Teknik imk\u00e2n ve modern v\u00e2s\u0131talara sahip olan bir k\u0131s\u0131m milletler, daha do\u011frusu her millet i\u00e7inde yar\u0131 ‘ayd\u0131n’! \u00e7evreler, kendilerini meden\u00ee ve kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131 da bedev\u00ee g\u00f6rerek medeniyet ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr ad\u0131na tarihin affedemeyece\u011fi en b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fcnah\u0131 i\u015flemi\u015flerdir…<\/p>\n

Asl\u0131nda medeniyet ayr\u0131, hayat standartlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fckseltilmesi veya modernize edilmesi ayr\u0131 \u015feyler oldu\u011fu gibi, tahsilli olmakla ‘ayd\u0131n’ olmak da birbirinden tamamen farkl\u0131 \u015feylerdir. Cidd\u00ee bir tahsil g\u00f6rmedi\u011fi halde ayd\u0131nl\u0131kta ya\u015fayan \u00e7ok m\u00fcnevverler bulunabilece\u011fi gibi, bedeviyeti s\u0131rt\u0131ndan atamam\u0131\u015f dar g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc, dar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceli okumu\u015flar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 da az de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Mefhum karga\u015fas\u0131, bazen \u00e7ok uzun s\u00fcre nesilleri aldatabilir. Y\u0131llarca aklar\u0131n kara, karalar\u0131n ak kabul edildi\u011fi; zulm\u00fcn, ba\u015f\u0131na adalet tac\u0131n\u0131 giydi\u011fi, adaletin zulme \u00fcnvan oldu\u011fu; zift ruhlar\u0131n ayd\u0131nl\u0131k havarisi kesildi\u011fi, ger\u00e7ek m\u00fcnevverin kap\u0131 kap\u0131 kovuldu\u011fu; ve bu yenge\u00e7\u00e7e y\u00fcr\u00fcmenin fark\u0131na var\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclke say\u0131s\u0131 olduk\u00e7a \u00e7oktur.<\/p>\n

Bir toplumun ayd\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fup; d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, tasavvur, kanaat ve ifadede karga\u015fadan kurtulabilmesi, hakiki m\u00e2n\u00e2s\u0131yla m\u00fcnevver bir kadroya sahip olmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. M\u00fcnevverlik, tahsilli olmakla kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bir cemiyette, \u00e7e\u015fitli ilim dallar\u0131nda ihtisas yapm\u0131\u015f insanlar, sanat ve maharet erbab\u0131 bulunabilir; ne var ki, o cemiyetin ayd\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131; fizik, kimya, matematik, hendese tahsili g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f insanlardan daha \u00e7ok, ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 devri idrak i\u00e7inde, kalp ve ruhun hayat ufkuna ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f, ir\u00e2de ve zihniyle varl\u0131\u011fa ermi\u015f ger\u00e7ek m\u00fcnevver ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ir\u00e2delerle k\u00e2bildir. \u00d6telerden gelen esintilerle, ruhlar\u0131na mayalad\u0131klar\u0131 hakikatleri halla\u00e7 edip g\u00f6n\u00fcllerinde hi\u00e7 s\u00f6nmez birer \u0131\u015f\u0131k kayna\u011f\u0131 meydana getiren, sonra da durmadan \u00e7evrelerine mesajlar g\u00f6ndererek yepyeni bir topluma giden yollar\u0131 a\u00e7an ve ayd\u0131nlatan, mill\u00ee k\u00fclt\u00fcre yeni buutlar kazand\u0131ran ger\u00e7ek m\u00fcnevver ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ir\u00e2delerle…<\/p>\n

Medeniyet ve toplum bunlar\u0131n eseri; bunlar da do\u011fru d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, do\u011fru inan\u00e7 ve mill\u00ee k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn eseridirler.<\/p>\n

Her yeni medeniyet, yepyeni bir a\u015fk, yepyeni bir \u00eeman hamlesiyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu a\u015fk ve \u00eeman\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerde medeniyetten de eser yoktur. Bir de bu \u00eeman ve heyecan\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir toplumda, istid\u00e2tlar\u0131n geli\u015fmesine engel despot\u00e7a m\u00fcd\u00e2haleler varsa, b\u00f6yle bir iklimde, \u00e7e\u015fitli ilim dallar\u0131 s\u00e2yesinde sem\u00e2lar a\u015f\u0131lsa bile, medeniyetin varoldu\u011fu ufka ula\u015f\u0131lamaz ve orada medeniyetten s\u00f6z edilemez. Hatta b\u00f6yle bir vasatta, her nas\u0131lsa ortaya konmu\u015f bir k\u0131s\u0131m medeniyet \u00fcr\u00fcnleri dahi er-ge\u00e7 bozulup gitmeye ve \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fcp yok olmaya mahkumdurlar.<\/p>\n

Evet, bir cemiyette y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar inan\u00e7s\u0131z, a\u015fks\u0131z, mesuliyetsiz; kim olduklar\u0131n\u0131, nerede ve ni\u00e7in ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 bilmiyorlar ise; o cemiyet, bir ba\u015ftan bir ba\u015fa b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fcesseseleriyle de\u011fi\u015fse, hayat standartlar\u0131 fevkal\u00e2de y\u00fckseltilse, herkes giyiminde ku\u015fam\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fip modernle\u015fse de, medenile\u015fti\u011fi s\u00f6ylenemez. Zir\u00e2, defaatla if\u00e2de edildi\u011fi gibi, medeniyet, zihn\u00ee ve ruh\u00ee bir vak’ad\u0131r; ilim-teknik, giyim-ku\u015fam, mobilya-l\u00fcks e\u015fya, araba ve vill\u00e2lar ile kat’iyen al\u00e2kas\u0131 yoktur.<\/p>\n

E\u011fer medeniyetin bunlarla al\u00e2kas\u0131 olsayd\u0131; o zaman bir insan\u0131 birka\u00e7 ayda, bir toplumu da birka\u00e7 senede medenile\u015ftirmemiz k\u00e2bil olacakt\u0131. Heyhat!.. Bunca modernizasyondan sonra irfan hayat\u0131m\u0131z ad\u0131na bir ad\u0131m ilerleyemeyi\u015fimiz, taklitle medeniyet olamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n en a\u00e7\u0131k ve en ac\u0131 del\u00eeli olmu\u015ftur.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\"79a\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Ne gariptir ki, bir k\u0131s\u0131m ‘geri kalm\u0131\u015f \u00fclkeler’ entelijans\u0131yas\u0131, b\u00fct\u00fcn bu (olmazlar\u0131) (olur) gibi g\u00f6stererek geni\u015f halk kitlelerini aldatm\u0131\u015f ve bir k\u0131s\u0131m modernizasyon hareketlerini medeniyet hamlesi gibi g\u00f6stermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Asl\u0131nda, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde m\u00fcstemlekeci d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce art\u0131klar\u0131nca medenile\u015fme hamlesi olarak g\u00f6sterilen b\u00fct\u00fcn bu oldu bittiler, \u00e7ok \u00f6nceleri bat\u0131l\u0131 dostlar\u0131m\u0131z (!) taraf\u0131ndan, bizim i\u00e7in medeniyete giden yollar\u0131 t\u0131kamak ve ger\u00e7ek medeniyet esaslar\u0131n\u0131, i\u015flemez h\u00e2le getirmek maksad\u0131yla ortaya at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f; din, dil, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce tarz\u0131 darbelenerek, bunlar\u0131n yerine nesepsiz bir zihniyet ve anlay\u0131\u015f ik\u00e2me edilmek istenmi\u015fti. Onlar\u0131n bu mevzuda, bizzat muvaffak olup olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcnaka\u015fas\u0131 bir yana, d\u0131\u015fla\u015fan i\u00e7tekiler, onlar\u0131n arzu edip de yapamad\u0131klar\u0131 her \u015feyi -hem de mill\u00ee reaksiyonlara sebebiyet vermeyecek \u015fekilde- o kadar m\u00fckemmel yapt\u0131lar ki, y\u00fcz ha\u00e7l\u0131 ordusuyla bu m\u00fckemmeliyette yap\u0131lamazd\u0131!..<\/p>\n

Ne var ki, son birka\u00e7 sene i\u00e7inde, milletin mill\u00ee ruh etraf\u0131nda k\u00fcmelenmesi ve kendi medeniyetini tesis istik\u00e2metinde son bir-iki asr\u0131n en \u00e7apl\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131ml\u0131 hareketini ortaya koymas\u0131, bat\u0131 ile beraber bizdeki m\u00fcsta\u011friplerin de pl\u00e2n ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini alt-\u00fcst etmi\u015ftir. Bundan \u00f6te, omuzunda gelece\u011fi bayrakla\u015ft\u0131racak nesillere, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir inan\u00e7, bitmeyen bir azim, tersy\u00fcz edilmeyen bir ir\u00e2deyle bu i\u015fi devam ettirip kendi medeniyetlerini korumak kal\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Yazar: Fethullah G\u00fclen, S\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131, A\u011fustos 1985, Cilt 7, Say\u0131 79<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Eskilerce medeniyet; k\u00f6y, kasaba, \u015fehir nerede olursa olsun, insan\u00ee duygu ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce etraf\u0131nda toplanm\u0131\u015f ruhlar\u0131n, insan olmalar\u0131n\u0131 idr\u00e2k \u015fuuruyla bir arada ya\u015famalar\u0131 \u015feklinde tarif edilirdi. M\u00e2hiyet itibariyle medenile\u015fmeye m\u00fcsait olarak yarat\u0131lan insano\u011flu, varl\u0131\u011fa erdi\u011fi g\u00fcnden bu yana, bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde hep meden\u00ee olabilmi\u015f ise de, onun ger\u00e7ek m\u00e2n\u00e2da medenile\u015fmesi, duygu, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, his ve ir\u00e2de g\u00fcc\u00fcyle kendini …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3748,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,1189],"tags":[1190,23,36,420,1348,41,1278],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3747"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3747"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3747\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3750,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3747\/revisions\/3750"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3748"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3747"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3747"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3747"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}