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{"id":4000,"date":"2016-07-04T13:26:22","date_gmt":"2016-07-04T11:26:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/?p=4000"},"modified":"2016-07-04T13:26:22","modified_gmt":"2016-07-04T11:26:22","slug":"zulmetmeyen-bir-kralin-dogruluk-ulkesine-dogru-ilklerin-habesistana-ilk-hicreti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/yazilar\/zulmetmeyen-bir-kralin-dogruluk-ulkesine-dogru-ilklerin-habesistana-ilk-hicreti\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cZulmetmeyen Bir Kral\u201dIn \u201cDo\u011fruluk \u00dclkesi\u201dne Do\u011fru (\u0130lkler\u2019in Habe\u015fistan\u2019a \u0130lk Hicreti)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Efendimize peygamberli\u011fin gelmesiyle birlikte, insanlar\u0131n hidayete ermesi i\u00e7in \u201cuyarma<\/strong>\u201d faaliyetleri de gece-g\u00fcnd\u00fcz ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f oluyordu. Dinin tebli\u011f<\/strong> ve temsili <\/strong>Efendimizin ruhunun ufkuna y\u00fcr\u00fcyece\u011fi ana kadar devam etmi\u015fti. Ancak, Efendimiz ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n hicretten \u00f6nceki Mekke d\u00f6nemleri \u00e7ok s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015f, tek bir Allah\u2019a inand\u0131klar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 her t\u00fcrl\u00fc eza ve cefaya maruz b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Tebli\u011fin ilk be\u015f y\u0131l\u0131nda Erkam b. Erkam<\/strong>\u2019\u0131n evi \u00f6nemli bir misyon y\u00fcklenmi\u015fti. Gelecekte \u0130sl\u00e2m dav\u00e2s\u0131n\u0131 omuzlayacak m\u00fc’minler burada Efendimizden iman dersini bizzat tahsil ediyorlard\u0131. Ancak her ge\u00e7en zaman bir y\u00f6n\u00fcyle aleyhlerine i\u015fliyordu; Erkam b. Erkam<\/strong>\u2019\u0131n evinde, Efendimizin dizinin dibinde adeta \u00f6telere yelken a\u00e7an bu \u00e7ileke\u015f m\u00fc’minleri d\u0131\u015far\u0131da tam tersi bir durum bekliyordu. Evden ayr\u0131lanlar hemen takibe al\u0131n\u0131yor, \u00f6zellikle zay\u0131f ve korumas\u0131zlar amans\u0131z bir \u015fiddete maruz kal\u0131yorlard\u0131. Kurey\u015f m\u00fc\u015frikleri, kendi kabilelerinden iman eden kimseleri dinlerinden d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in hapsediyor, ate\u015fle da\u011fl\u0131yor, k\u0131rba\u00e7la d\u00f6v\u00fcyor, a\u00e7-susuz b\u0131rak\u0131yor, t\u00fcrl\u00fc i\u015fkencelere tabi tutuyor ve zaman i\u00e7erisinde bu i\u015fkencelerini s\u00fcrekli art\u0131r\u0131yorlard\u0131. Her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn daha bir ac\u0131mas\u0131zla\u015fan Mekkeliler M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara ya\u015fama hakk\u0131 tan\u0131m\u0131yorlard\u0131. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar Efendimizin g\u00f6zleri \u00f6n\u00fcnde cereyan ediyordu. Res\u00fblull\u00e2h (sav), kavminden bir grubun ve amcas\u0131 Eb\u00fb T\u00e2lib<\/strong>\u2019in himayesinde oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in ashab\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na gelen eziyetlere maruz kalm\u0131yordu. Bu duruma kal\u0131c\u0131 bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulmak zorunlulu\u011fu belirmi\u015fti. Vahyin gelmesinden be\u015f y\u0131l sonra idi ki, Allah (cc)<\/strong> Peygamberine Cebr\u00e2\u00eel<\/strong> vas\u0131tas\u0131yla bir yol g\u00f6sterdi:<\/p>\n

\u201c(Ben\u2019den naklen onlara) de ki: \u201cEy iman etmi\u015f bulunan kullar\u0131m! Kalbiniz O\u2019na kar\u015f\u0131 sayg\u0131yla dopdolu olarak, Rabbinize kar\u015f\u0131 gelmekten, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla O\u2019nun azab\u0131ndan sak\u0131n\u0131n. Bu d\u00fcnyada Allah\u2019\u0131n kendilerini g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn \u015fuuru i\u00e7inde hep iyilik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen ve iyilik yapanlar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 mutlak iyiliktir. (Yaln\u0131zca O\u2019na ibadet etme imk\u00e2n\u0131na kavu\u015fmak i\u00e7in) Allah\u2019\u0131n arz\u0131 geni\u015ftir. (Allah\u2019a ibadet edebilme yolunda) her t\u00fcrl\u00fc s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131ya katlananlara m\u00fck\u00e2fatlar\u0131 hi\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesiz hesaps\u0131z bir tarzda \u00f6denecektir.<\/strong>\u201d[1]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00c2yet, hicret<\/strong>in mana ve \u00f6nemine i\u015farette bulunmakta, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla m\u00fcminlerin kalplerini de hicrete haz\u0131rlamakta idi. Herkese a\u00e7\u0131ktan hicret emri vermemekle birlikte bu yolu tercih edecekler i\u00e7in dinlerini daha rahat ya\u015fayabilecekleri yerlerin de var oldu\u011fundan bahsediyordu. Yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn geni\u015fli\u011finden bahseden \u00e2yet, ayn\u0131 zamanda bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yolu da g\u00f6stermi\u015f bulunuyordu. O vakit, bir yere s\u0131k\u0131\u015fman\u0131n, ibadetleri s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131yla yapmak zorunda kalman\u0131n man\u00e2s\u0131 yoktu. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduran Efendimiz, o g\u00fcne kadar iman etmi\u015f bulunanlara;<\/p>\n

\u201cSiz \u015fimdi yery\u00fcz\u00fcne da\u011f\u0131l\u0131n. Y\u00fcce Allah sizi yine bir araya toplar!<\/strong>\u201d buyurdu. M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar:<\/p>\n

\u201cY\u00e2 Ras\u00fblall\u00e2h! Nereye gidelim?<\/strong>\u201d diye sordular.<\/p>\n

Peygamberimiz (a.s.), Habe\u015f \u00fclkesinin bulundu\u011fu yana eliyle i\u015faret ederek:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u0130\u015fte, oraya! Habe\u015f topra\u011f\u0131na giderseniz iyi olur! \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc orada yan\u0131ndakilerin hi\u00e7birine<\/strong> zulmetmeyen bir kral<\/u><\/em> vard\u0131r. Hem, oras\u0131 bir<\/strong> do\u011fruluk \u00fclkesi<\/u><\/em>dir. Y\u00fcce Allah i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011funuz s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lardan bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f ve kurtulu\u015f yolu a\u00e7\u0131ncaya kadar, siz orada bulunun!<\/strong>\u201d buyurdu[2]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u00dcmm\u00fc Seleme<\/strong> v\u00e2lidemize g\u00f6re Efendimizin bu husustaki beyan\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle idi: \u201cHabe\u015f \u00fclkesinde, hi\u00e7 kimsenin zulme maruz kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir kral var. O \u00fclkeye gidin. Allah size bir ferahl\u0131k verecek ve bulundu\u011funuz durumdan sizi kurtaracakt\u0131r.<\/strong>\u201d[3]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0130bn Hi\u015fam<\/strong>, Efendimizin ifadelerini \u015fu \u015fekilde veriyor: \u201cHabe\u015f topra\u011f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131ksan\u0131z, orada \u00f6yle bir Kral vard\u0131r ki onun yan\u0131nda kimseye haks\u0131zl\u0131k edilmez. Oras\u0131 iyi bir toprakt\u0131r, Allah size i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011funuz halden bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f g\u00f6sterinceye kadar kal\u0131rd\u0131n\u0131z.<\/strong>\u201d[4]<\/a><\/p>\n

Habe\u015fistan\u2019a iki defa hicret yap\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130lk hicret, n\u00fcb\u00fcvvetin be\u015finci y\u0131l\u0131nda ve Recep ay\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. <\/strong>Habe\u015f \u00fclkesi Kurey\u015fliler taraf\u0131ndan bilinen bir yerdi. Efendimiz taraf\u0131ndan da bilinen ve ayn\u0131 zaman da sevilen Habe\u015fistan\u2019la, Kurey\u015fliler \u00f6teden beri ticaret yapar, ge\u00e7imlerini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in buraya s\u00fcrekli gidip gelirlerdi. Buras\u0131 ayn\u0131 zamanda emniyetli bir yerdi. Bu sebeplerden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc Efendimiz (sav), M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n hicret i\u00e7in ilk olarak Habe\u015f \u00fclkesine gitmelerini tavsiye ediyordu.<\/p>\n

M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar, dinlerini daha rahat ya\u015fayabilmek, Kurey\u015f<\/strong> m\u00fc\u015friklerinin tazyiklerinden kurtulmak i\u00e7in kimi yaln\u0131z ba\u015f\u0131na, kimi ailesiyle birlikte, kimisi yayan, kimisi de binitli olarak Habe\u015f<\/strong> \u00fclkesine hicret etmek \u00fczere Mekke<\/strong>\u2019den gizlice yola \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar. Bu ilk kutlu kafilede sahabeden \u015fu isimler yer al\u0131yordu:<\/p>\n

1- Hz. Osman b. Affan,<\/p>\n

2- Hz. Osman\u2019\u0131n zevcesi Hz. Rukayye,<\/p>\n

3- Eb\u00fb Huzeyfe b. Utbe,<\/p>\n

4- Eb\u00fb Huzeyfe\u2019nin zevcesi Sehle Hatun,<\/p>\n

5- Z\u00fcbeyr b. Avv\u00e2m,<\/p>\n

6- Mus\u2018ab b. Umeyr,<\/p>\n

7- Abdurrahman b. Avf,<\/p>\n

8- Eb\u00fb Seleme b. Abdulesed,<\/p>\n

9- Eb\u00fb Seleme\u2019nin zevcesi Hz. \u00dcmm\u00fc Seleme,<\/p>\n

10- Osman b. Maz\u2018un,<\/p>\n

11- \u00c2mir b. Rebia,<\/p>\n

12- \u00c2mir b. Rebia’n\u0131n zevcesi Leyla Hatun,<\/p>\n

13- Eb\u00fb Sebre b. Eb\u00ee R\u00fchm,<\/p>\n

14- Eb\u00fb Sebre\u2019nin zevcesi \u00dcmm\u00fc K\u00fcls\u00fbm Hatun,<\/p>\n

15- H\u00e2t\u0131b b. Amr,<\/p>\n

16- S\u00fcheyl b. Beyz\u00e2,<\/p>\n

17- Abdullah b. Mes\u2018\u00fbd<\/p>\n

On iki erkek ile be\u015f kad\u0131ndan olu\u015fan bu ilk hicret grubu[5]<\/a>, \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019da Habe\u015f \u00fclkesine hicret yapan ilk grup idi. Mekke<\/strong>\u2019den gizlice ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bulunan bu ilk hicret kafilesi \u015euaybe<\/strong>\u2019ye vard\u0131klar\u0131nda, Allah\u2019\u0131n bir l\u00fctuf ve inayet eseri olarak orada bulunan iki t\u00fcccar gemisi ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131lar. Muhacirleri adam ba\u015f\u0131 yar\u0131m dinar kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Habe\u015f<\/strong> \u00fclkesine g\u00f6t\u00fcrmek \u00fczere gemilerine ald\u0131lar. Kurey\u015f<\/strong> m\u00fc\u015frikleri <\/strong>hicret eden bu on yedi ki\u015filik grubu yakalamak i\u00e7in arkalar\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015fler ise de deniz sahiline vard\u0131klar\u0131nda Muh\u00e2cirler vapura binip denize a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in onlardan hi\u00e7birini yakalayamam\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n

N\u00fcb\u00fcvvetin be\u015finci y\u0131l\u0131nda Recep ay\u0131nda Habe\u015f \u00fclkesine hicret eden M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar \u015eaban<\/strong> ve Ramazan <\/strong>ay\u0131n\u0131 orda ge\u00e7irdiler. Rahat ve huzur i\u00e7inde ibadetlerini yapabiliyor ve Kur<\/strong>‘<\/strong>\u00e2n<\/strong>\u2019lar\u0131n\u0131 okuyabiliyorlard\u0131. Bir ara Mekkelilerin Efendimizle birlikte secde ettiklerini [M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olduklar\u0131n\u0131, (Garanik hadisesi<\/strong>)], Mekke\u2019de kalm\u0131\u015f bulunan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fe kavu\u015ftuklar\u0131n\u0131 ve Velid b.<\/strong> Mu\u011f\u00eere<\/strong> ve Eb\u00fb Uhayha<\/strong> gibi m\u00fc\u015friklerin Efendimizin arkas\u0131ndan secde ettikleri s\u00f6ylentileri yay\u0131l\u0131nca \u201cBunlar M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olduktan sonra, Mekke\u2019de M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmayan kim kal\u0131r? Bize, kendi kavim ve kabilemiz daha sevgilidir! Onlar iman etmi\u015f olunca, d\u00f6nelim yanlar\u0131na!<\/strong>\u201d dediler. Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceden hareketle otuz \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc erkek, alt\u0131s\u0131 kad\u0131n, otuz dokuz ki\u015filik bir kafile[6]<\/strong><\/a><\/strong> n\u00fcb\u00fcvvetin be\u015finci y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n \u015eevv\u00e2l ay\u0131nda yurtlar\u0131na d\u00f6nd\u00fcler. Ancak Mekke<\/strong>\u2019ye yakla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131nda bu haberin as\u0131ls\u0131z oldu\u011funu duydular. Bununla birlikte tekrar Habe\u015f<\/strong> \u00fclkesine d\u00f6n\u00fcp gitmek de kendilerine \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r geldi. Bir k\u0131sm\u0131 himaye<\/strong> ile bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da gizlice<\/strong> Mekke\u2019ye girdi.<\/p>\n

————–<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> Z\u00fcmer S\u00fbresi, (39)\/10. Ayr\u0131ca konuyla ilgili bkz. Nis\u00e2 S\u00fbresi, (4)\/97; Ankeb\u00fbt S\u00fbresi, (29)\/56.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> M. \u00c2s\u0131m K\u00f6ksal, \u0130sl\u00e2m Tarihi 1-2, Peygamberler Peygamberi Hazreti Muhammed Aleyhissel\u00e2m ve \u0130sl\u00e2miyet<\/strong>, \u0130stanbul 2010, I\u015f\u0131k Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 (3. Bask\u0131), s. 363.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> \u0130bn \u0130shak, Siyer<\/strong>, (Yay. Haz. Muhammed Hamidullah) (M\u00fct. Sezai \u00d6zel), \u0130stanbul 1988, s. 273.<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> Eb\u00fb Muhammed Abd\u00fclmelik bin Hi\u015f\u00e2m bin Eyy\u00fbb el-Himyer\u00ee, \u0130sl\u00e2m Tarihi Siret-i \u0130bn Hi\u015fam es-S\u00eeret\u00fc\u2019n-Nebeviyye<\/strong>, (M\u00fct. Abd\u00fclvehhab \u00d6zt\u00fcrk), c. 1, \u0130stanbul 2014, s. 411.<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> K\u00f6ksal, a.g.e.<\/strong>, s. 364-365.<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a> Kafilede yer alan ashab\u0131n isimleri: 1-<\/strong> Hz. Osman, 2-<\/strong> Hz. Osman\u2019\u0131n zevcesi Hz. Rukayye, 3-<\/strong> Eb\u00fb Huzeyfe, 4-<\/strong> Eb\u00fb Huzeyfe\u2019nin zevcesi Sehle Hatun, 5-<\/strong> Abdullah b. Cah\u015f, 6-<\/strong> Utbe b. Gazvan, 7- <\/strong>Z\u00fcbeyr b. Avv\u00e2m, 8-<\/strong> Mus\u2018ab b. Umeyr, 9-<\/strong> Suveyb\u0131t b. Sa\u2018d, 10-<\/strong> Tuleyb b. Umeyr, 11-<\/strong> Abdurrahman b. Avf, 12- <\/strong>Mikdad b. Amr, 13-<\/strong> Abdullah b. Mes\u2018ud, 14-<\/strong> Eb\u00fb Seleme b. Abdulesed, 15-<\/strong> Ebu Seleme\u2019nin zevcesi Hz. \u00dcmm\u00fc Seleme, 16-<\/strong> \u015eemmas b. Osman, 17-<\/strong> Ayya\u015f b. Eb\u00ee Reb\u00eea, 18-<\/strong> Seleme b. Hi\u015fam, 19-<\/strong> Ammar b. Y\u00e2sir, 20-<\/strong> Muattib b. Avf, 21-<\/strong> Osman b. Maz\u2018un,\u00a0 22-<\/strong> S\u00e2ib b. Osman, 23-<\/strong> Kudame b. Maz\u2018un, 24-<\/strong> Abdullah b. Maz\u2018un, 25-<\/strong> Huneys b. Huzafe, 26- <\/strong>Hi\u015fam b. \u00c2s, 27-<\/strong> \u00c2mir b. Reb\u00eea, 28-<\/strong> \u00c2mir b. Reb\u00eea\u2019n\u0131n zevcesi Leyl\u00e2 Hatun, 29-<\/strong> Abdullah b. Mahreme, 30-<\/strong> Abdullah b. S\u00fcheyl, 31-<\/strong> Eb\u00fb Sebre b. Eb\u00ee R\u00fchm, 32-<\/strong> Ebu Sebre\u2019nin zevcesi \u00dcmm\u00fc K\u00fcls\u00fbm Hatun, 33-<\/strong> Sekran b. Amr, 34-<\/strong> Sekran b. Amr\u2019\u0131n zevcesi Hz. Sevde, 35-<\/strong> Sa\u2018d b. Havle, 36-<\/strong> Eb\u00fb Ubeyde b. Cerr\u00e2h, 37-<\/strong> Amr b. H\u00e2ris, 38-<\/strong> S\u00fcheyl b. Beyz\u00e2, 39-<\/strong> Amr b. Eb\u00ee Serh. Bkz. K\u00f6ksal, a.g.e.<\/strong>, s. 371-372.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Efendimize peygamberli\u011fin gelmesiyle birlikte, insanlar\u0131n hidayete ermesi i\u00e7in \u201cuyarma\u201d faaliyetleri de gece-g\u00fcnd\u00fcz ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f oluyordu. Dinin tebli\u011f ve temsili Efendimizin ruhunun ufkuna y\u00fcr\u00fcyece\u011fi ana kadar devam etmi\u015fti. Ancak, Efendimiz ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n hicretten \u00f6nceki Mekke d\u00f6nemleri \u00e7ok s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015f, tek bir Allah\u2019a inand\u0131klar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 her t\u00fcrl\u00fc eza ve cefaya maruz b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Tebli\u011fin ilk be\u015f y\u0131l\u0131nda Erkam b. …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4001,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,6],"tags":[833,37,776],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4000"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4000"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4000\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4002,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4000\/revisions\/4002"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4001"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4000"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4000"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4000"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}