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{"id":4560,"date":"2018-06-12T01:54:10","date_gmt":"2018-06-11T23:54:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/?p=4560"},"modified":"2018-06-12T01:54:10","modified_gmt":"2018-06-11T23:54:10","slug":"cihad-ve-anlam-kaymasi-ahmet-kurucan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/yazilar\/cihad-ve-anlam-kaymasi-ahmet-kurucan\/","title":{"rendered":"Cihad ve Anlam Kaymas\u0131 – Ahmet Kurucan"},"content":{"rendered":"

Yorum\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00d6nemli not: Bu yaz\u0131y\u0131 Fransa eski Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Nicolas Sarkozy, \u00fc\u00e7 eski ba\u015fbakan ve Fransa Yahudi ve Hristiyan kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n liderlerinin de yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 300 imzal\u0131 \u201cYahudilerin, H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n ve kafirlerin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi ve cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\u201d ayetlerinin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da bulunduklar\u0131 bildiri sebebiyle kaleme ald\u0131m.<\/em><\/p>\n

<\/ins><\/ins><\/ins>Cihad erken d\u00f6nem \u0130slam tarihinden bu yana tarifi, mahiyeti ve kapsam\u0131 ad\u0131na \u00fczerinde ittifak sa\u011flanamayan kavramlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda gelir. \u0130\u015fin asl\u0131na bakarsan\u0131z sadece cihad i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli de\u011fil bu anla\u015famama. Ba\u015fka kavramlar i\u00e7in de s\u00f6z konusudur. Son tahlilde be\u015fer d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin devreye girdi\u011fi bir yerde \u00e7ok tabiidir bu sonu\u00e7. Fakat gel-g\u00f6r ki s\u00f6z konusu kavram cihad olunca tavan yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r bu durum. Neden?<\/div>\n

Sondan ba\u015flayacak olursak en \u00f6nemli nedenlerinden birisinin Bat\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecili\u011finden kurtulmak i\u00e7in verilen ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck m\u00fccadelelerini oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u00fcm. Y\u0131llar-as\u0131rlar s\u00fcren Bat\u0131 hegemonyas\u0131ndan kendilerini, toplumlar\u0131n\u0131, milletlerini ve devletlerini kurtarmak i\u00e7in m\u00fccadelede ba\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ekenler, kitleleri motive etmek, harekete getirmek i\u00e7in dinin motive edici g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kullanm\u0131\u015flar ve verdikleri m\u00fccadeleyi \u201ccihad\u201d olarak nitelendirmi\u015flerdir. Haks\u0131z da de\u011fillerdir. Gerek Kur\u2019an ayetleri gerek Hz. Peygamber s\u00f6ylem ve eylemlerine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda bu kullan\u0131m\u0131 temellendirecek deliller vard\u0131r. Fakat y\u0131llar s\u00fcren askeri m\u00fccadelenin verildi\u011fi alandaki bu kullan\u0131m, cihad\u2019\u0131n anlam aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 o parantez i\u00e7ine s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve ba\u015fka alanlardaki mana, muhteva ve kullan\u0131mlar\u0131 arka planda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buna bir de 1979 Afganistan\u2019\u0131n Rusya taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgali sonras\u0131 ba\u015flay\u0131p 11 Eyl\u00fcl 2001 hadiseleri ile zirve yapan ve mantar gibi her yerde patlayan ter\u00f6rist gruplar\u0131n kullan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 da ilave edecek olursan\u0131z i\u015f iyice i\u00e7inden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lmaz hale gelmi\u015f ve cihad anlam kaymas\u0131na maruz kalan kavramlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Sondan ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda b\u00f6yle, pek\u00e2l\u00e2 ilkten ba\u015flasak ne olacak? O zaman da \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n kurucu metinlerine ve Hz. Peygamber\u2019de (sas) tecess\u00fcm eden kurucu iradeye gitmemiz gerekecek. Okudu\u011funuz yaz\u0131da askeri alan i\u00e7inde paranteze al\u0131nan cihad a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bunu yapmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131m. Fakat buna ge\u00e7meden \u00f6nce zihinlerimizi tazeleme bab\u0131nda ilmi gelene\u011fimizde bulunan \u00fc\u00e7 ayr\u0131 cihad tasnifini hat\u0131rlatmak isterim. Zira bu tasniflerin yaz\u0131n\u0131n sonuna do\u011fru ele alaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ayet ve hadislerin oturmu\u015f oldu\u011fu zemini g\u00f6stermesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bilinmesi olduk\u00e7a b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem arz etmektedir. Yaln\u0131z hemen ilave edeyim kurucu metinler \u00fczerinden derinle\u015fen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, an itibariyle ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z siyasi, sosyal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, ekonomik arpa plan \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrekli de\u011fi\u015fim ve geli\u015fime mazhar olmas\u0131 nedeniyle farkl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelere kap\u0131 a\u00e7makta ve s\u00f6z konusu tasnifler ilavelerle tarih sahnesinde kendine yer bulmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Cihad hakk\u0131nda hemen herkesin bildi\u011fi en eski ve en sade tasnif, b\u00fcy\u00fck ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck<\/b>\u00a0tasnifidir.\u00a0K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck cihad,<\/b>\u00a0cana can, kana kan g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcse sava\u015f meydanlar\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015fmanla yap\u0131lan askeri m\u00fccadele;\u00a0b\u00fcy\u00fck cihad<\/b>\u00a0ise insan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 olarak nitelendirilen nefsi ile verdi\u011fi kavgan\u0131n ad\u0131d\u0131r. Hadis\u00e7ilerin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahliller neticesi sened itibariyle s\u0131hhati s\u00f6z g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr bir rivayete dayand\u0131r\u0131lan bu tasnif, hakikat ve ger\u00e7ekle (truth and reality) \u00a0\u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmesine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak tarih boyunca en \u00e7ok kabul g\u00f6ren tasniflerin ba\u015f\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n

\u0130lm\u00ee, sosyal, nefis ve asker\u00ee\u00a0<\/b>alan\u0131nda diyerek 4 ayr\u0131 alanda yap\u0131lan cihad tasnifi ikinci s\u0131rada kendine yer bulan bir ba\u015fka tasniftir. Kafa \u00e7atlat\u0131p, yo\u011fun emekler ve gayretler sarf edip d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce \u00fcretme\u00a0ilm\u00ee;<\/b>\u00a0fakirlere yard\u0131mdan tutun, iyili\u011fi emretme k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fckten sak\u0131nd\u0131rma gibi topluma yararl\u0131 i\u015fler yapma\u00a0sosyal;<\/b>\u00a0dinin koymu\u015f oldu\u011fu k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7izgileri a\u015fan istek ve arzular\u0131na gem vurma eksenindeki m\u00fccadele\u00a0nefis<\/b>\u00a0ve nihayet diplomatik m\u00fcnasebetlerle kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 bar\u0131\u015f i\u00e7inde ya\u015faman\u0131n sa\u011flanamamas\u0131 durumunda son \u00e7are olarak ba\u015fvurulan d\u00fc\u015fmanla yaka pa\u00e7a olma da\u00a0asker\u00ee<\/b>\u00a0alanda cihad\u0131 ifade etmektedir.<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Hanefi al\u0131m\u0131 Kasani\u2019ye ait olan\u00a0kalp, dil, el ve k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7la<\/b>\u00a0yap\u0131lan cihad tasnifi de kitaplar\u0131m\u0131zda \u00e7ok kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bir ba\u015fka tasniftir. \u0130nsan\u0131n \u015feytan ve \u00a0nefisle m\u00fccadelesi\u00a0kalp<\/b>; insanlar\u0131 iyili\u011fe te\u015fvik ve k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fckten sak\u0131nd\u0131rma\u00a0dil<\/b>; mevcut k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fckleri \u00f6nleme\u00a0el<\/b>, \u00a0ve d\u00fc\u015fmanlarla sava\u015fma\u00a0k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7<\/b>\u00a0ile yap\u0131lan cihad olarak ele al\u0131n\u0131r. Hemen ilave edelim k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fckleri \u00f6nleme devletin yetki alan\u0131na girer, g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7leri ve hukuk arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile bunu yerine getirir. Aksi halde ihkak-\u0131 hak devreye girier. \u0130hkak-\u0131 hak \u00a0\u015fah\u0131slar\u0131n kendi haklar\u0131n\u0131 kendilerinin sa\u011flamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 demektir. Bu ise toplumda d\u00fczenin de\u011fil kaosun sebebi olur.<\/p>\n

Bu iki k\u0131sa hat\u0131rlatmadan sonra gelelim\u00a0askeri alandaki cihad\u0131n Hz. Peygamber (sas) hayat\u0131n\u0131n tabii seyri i\u00e7inde ayetlerde nas\u0131l yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131na.\u00a0<\/b>Asl\u0131nda \u015fimdi okudu\u011funuz bu c\u00fcmle \u00e7oklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n bildi\u011fi ama \u00fczerinde durmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmedi\u011fi b\u00fcy\u00fck bir hakikati ve ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi ihtiva ediyor. Nedir o? Kur\u2019an\u2019da 610-632 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda peygamberlik g\u00f6revini ifa eden Hz. Peygamber\u2019in pratik hayat\u0131ndan kesitler var. Ya\u015fan\u0131lan hadiseler \u00fczerine Allah\u2019\u0131n \u0130lahi iradesini yans\u0131tmas\u0131, hadiselere tabir caizse \u201c\u00f6zne\u201d olarak m\u00fcdahale etmesidir bunun manas\u0131. Ne var ki bunda diyebilirsiniz? Hi\u00e7bir \u015fey yok. Do\u011fru ve yerinde bir tespit. Olmas\u0131 gereken de bu zaten. Ba\u015fka ilahi kitaplarda da bunu g\u00f6rebilirsiniz. \u0130lahi irade ile o iradenin tecelli etmi\u015f oldu\u011fu tarih sahnesinde ya\u015fayan insanlarla diyalektik bir ili\u015fki vard\u0131r b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0130lahi kitaplarda. Hadiseler bu diyalektik ili\u015fkinin merkezini olu\u015fturur. Bak\u0131n bu g\u00f6zle Kur\u2019an ayetlerine, Bedir, Uhud, Hendek sava\u015f\u0131 ile alakal\u0131 nice anlat\u0131mlar, sava\u015f esirlerine yap\u0131lacak muameleler, Hudeybiye anla\u015fmas\u0131, Mekke fethi, Teb\u00fck ve Mute seferleri, k\u00f6le ve cariye hukuku, sava\u015flarda namaz\u0131n nas\u0131l k\u0131l\u0131naca\u011f\u0131 vb. onlarca-y\u00fczlerce mesele yerini al\u0131yor. Havle binti Sa\u2019lebe kocas\u0131 Evs b. Samit ile tart\u0131\u015f\u0131yor ve gelip tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 Hz. Peygamber\u2019e \u015fikayet ediyor ve \u00a0Allah indirdi\u011fi ayet ile aralar\u0131ndaki sorunu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcyor. \u0130lahi irade ile o toplumda ya\u015fayan insanlar aras\u0131ndaki diyalektik ili\u015fkiyi a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in verdim bu \u00f6rne\u011fi. Ba\u015fka \u00f6rneklerde var. Kur\u2019an hem de isim vererek Zeyd b. Harise\u2019nin kar\u0131s\u0131 Zeynep\u2019i bo\u015famas\u0131 ve Efendimiz ile nikah\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131y\u0131lmas\u0131na yer veriyor sayfalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda. Ebe Lehep ismen, kar\u0131s\u0131 \u00dcmm\u00fc Cemil de \u201conun kar\u0131s\u0131\u201d denilerek Hz. Peygamber\u2019e d\u00fc\u015fmanca tav\u0131rlar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 akibetlerini nazara veren ayetler de var.\u00a0S\u00f6z\u00fcn \u00f6z\u00fc \u015fu; insandan, ya\u015fanan ger\u00e7ekliklerden, en genel manada toplumsal hayattan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir Kur\u2019an tasavvur etmeniz m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil.<\/b><\/p>\n

Pekala problem ne?<\/b><\/p>\n

Problem s\u00f6z konusu ayetlerin Kur\u2019an\u2019da yer almas\u0131 de\u011fil bizim M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar olarak bu ayetlere bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131m\u0131z, yakla\u015f\u0131m keyfiyetimiz. En genel manas\u0131yla Kur\u2019an tasavvurumuz. Ayetlere verdi\u011fimiz mana ve hayata ta\u015f\u0131ma \u015feklimiz. Kur\u2019an tasavvurumuz \u015fu; Kur\u2019an tarih \u00fcst\u00fcd\u00fcr, evrenseldir, ayetlerde yerini alan emir ve yasaklar k\u0131yamete kadar b\u00fct\u00fcn zaman mek\u00e2n ve insanlar i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir. Herkes b\u00f6yle mi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor? Hay\u0131r. Kur\u2019an, hadis, kelam ve f\u0131kha ait usul kitaplar\u0131m\u0131z bunun en b\u00fcy\u00fck delili. Nice tart\u0131\u015fmalar var usulc\u00fcler aras\u0131nda.<\/p>\n

Ama \u00a0\u201cKelam\u0131n i\u2019mali ihmalinden evlad\u0131r\u201d veya \u201cSebebi n\u00fczul\u00fcn hususiyeti h\u00fckm\u00fcn umumiyetine mani de\u011fildir\u201d deyip b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcll\u00fck ve makas\u0131ddan uzak her bir ayeti ve hatta ayetin her bir harfini fonksiyonel k\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan zihniyetten s\u00f6z ediyorum \u015fu anda. Fransa\u2019daki bildirinin \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131 da bu zaten. O zihniyet ve ona ba\u011fl\u0131 hareket eden M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara y\u00f6nelik orada s\u00f6ylenenler.<\/p>\n

Ger\u00e7ek \u015fu ki bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n \u00fcretmi\u015f oldu\u011fu bilgilere inanmak ve s\u00f6ylem baz\u0131nda dile getirmek \u00e7ok kolay. Hatta en son dinin m\u00fcntesibi olmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan insana m\u00fcthi\u015f bir ferahl\u0131k hissi de veriyor. Ama \u00f6zele inip haydi \u015fu ayeti par\u00e7as\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m, her ayeti hayata ta\u015f\u0131ma inanc\u0131m\u0131z gere\u011fi uygulayal\u0131m dedi\u011fimizde m\u00fcthi\u015f a\u00e7mazlarla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kal\u0131yoruz. Mesela; \u201cM\u00fc\u015frikleri nerede bulursan\u0131z \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcn.\u201d Niye \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fcyoruz Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n bu emrine ra\u011fmen m\u00fc\u015frikleri? Tarih boyunca neden M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar m\u00fc\u015friklere kar\u015f\u0131 topyek\u00fcn bir sava\u015f a\u00e7mam\u0131\u015flar o zaman? Sorular\u0131 uzatabilir ve Efendimize kadar g\u00f6t\u00fcrebiliriz. Diyebiliriz ki inanmayanlar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek Kur\u2019an\u2019da yer alan bir emir oldu\u011funa g\u00f6re, onlar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeme M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u0131 g\u00fcnahk\u00e2r yapmaz m\u0131? Efendimizin ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Medine \u015fehir site devletinde m\u00fc\u015frikler ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re Efendimiz de ha\u015fa ve kella g\u00fcnahk\u00e2r m\u0131yd\u0131 diyece\u011fiz \u015fimdi? Mumtehine suresinde yerini alan \u201cDininizden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc sizinle sava\u015fmayan, sizi yerinizden, yurdunuzdan etmeyen k\u00e2firlere gelince, Allah sizi, onlara iyilik etmeden, adalet ve insaf g\u00f6zetmeden menetmez. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Allah \u00e2dil olanlar\u0131 sever.\u201d ayetine nas\u0131l mana verecek ve uygulayaca\u011f\u0131z o zaman? Mensuhtur mu diyece\u011fiz? Nitekim bu ve benzeri sorular ilk d\u00f6nemlerden itibaren o zihin yap\u0131s\u0131na sahip ki\u015filerin zihinlerini \u00e7ok me\u015fgul etmi\u015f ve ba\u011flamlar\u0131ndan kopuk, zahiri yakla\u015f\u0131mlarla verilen manalar\u0131n M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 bir a\u00e7maza s\u00fcr\u00fckledi\u011fini fark ederek bir \u00e7ok teoriler geli\u015ftirmi\u015flerdir. Nesih teorisi bunlardan sadece biridir. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131 da ba\u011flam\u0131ndan kopuk olarak de\u011ferlendirdi\u011finizde Kur\u2019an\u2019da yer alan ayetler aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7eli\u015fkileri yok etmektir. Mesela \u201cseyf\u201d yani \u201ck\u0131l\u0131\u00e7\u201d ayeti olarak bilenen Tevbe 5. ayeti ile bar\u0131\u015f\u0131 emreden y\u00fczlerce ayetin h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilan etmek gibi. \u0130\u015eID b\u00f6yle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor ve b\u00f6yle inan\u0131yor i\u015fte.<\/p>\n

Bu elbette bir izah tarz\u0131 ve belli ayetler i\u00e7in insan\u0131 tatmin edici sonuca da ula\u015ft\u0131rabilir; zihin konforu, g\u00f6n\u00fcl rahatl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flayabilir. Ama \u00f6nemine binaen tekrar ediyorum, ba\u011flamlar\u0131ndan kopuk olarak ele al\u0131p zahiri mana verdi\u011finiz ayetlerdeki \u00e7eli\u015fkileri sadece nesh teorisi ile izah edemezsiniz. Nitekim bunun da fark\u0131na varan ayni ulema takyid, tahsis, ta\u2019lik, tercih hatta makas\u0131d vb. kavramlarla \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yolu aram\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Halbuki bunlar Allah\u2019\u0131n 610-632 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki tarihe ilk elden m\u00fcdahalesi olarak ele al\u0131nsa, ba\u011flamlar\u0131 katiyen nazardan dur edilmese, g\u00e2\u00ee yorum veya makas\u0131d dedi\u011fimiz \u00e7izgiye daha fazla a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k verilse ve yorumlar bu eksen \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lsa \u0130lahi mesaj n\u00fczul gayesine daha \u00e7ok hizmet eder diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Nitekim zahiri zihniyetin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda yerini alan ulema da bunu yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r tarih boyunca. Yukar\u0131da ifade etti\u011fim gibi usul kitaplar\u0131 bu tart\u0131\u015fmalarla doludur. Ama ne yaz\u0131k ki \u00f6zellikle \u201cHalk \u0130slam\u0131\u201d dedi\u011fimiz kesimde a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k kazanan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f birincisidir.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6z\u00fcn tam da buras\u0131nda sunu ilave etmek isterim: yazmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin tarihsellik ve tarihselcilik olarak nitelendirilen yakla\u015f\u0131m keyfiyeti ile alakas\u0131 yoktur. Kesi\u015fti\u011fi yerler olabilir ki bu gayet do\u011fald\u0131r. Ama benim vurgulamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m husus Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n n\u00fczul d\u00f6neminde cereyan eden hadiselere m\u00fcdahalesini g\u00f6steren ayetlerin hangi sebeple indi\u011fi, ne anlama geldi\u011fi ve nas\u0131l uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlaman\u0131n \u00f6nemini g\u00f6stermeye y\u00f6nelik ilk zihni \u00e7abaya y\u00f6nelik de\u011ferlendirmelerdir. Kald\u0131 ki bu Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131 anlaman\u0131n ilk ad\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Burada hi\u00e7 kimseye haks\u0131zl\u0131k etmemek i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir \u015feyi hat\u0131rlamak icap eder; \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n fetih hareketleri ile yabanc\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ana kadar, bir ba\u015fka ifadeyle sosyal, siyasal, ekonomik, ahlaki vb. hayat \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n n\u00fczul d\u00f6nemi co\u011frafyas\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ile benze\u015fti\u011fi zaman ve mekanlarda gerek bizatihi Kur\u2019an ayetleri gerek Efendimizin kavli fiili ve takriri beyanlar\u0131, davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ve kabulleri yeni yorumlara ihtiya\u00e7 duyulmayacak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yeterli olmu\u015ftur. De\u011fi\u015fim ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn aksine y\u0131llar hatta as\u0131rlar ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 o d\u00f6nemlerde ya\u015fan\u0131lan hayatta kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan sorunlara ayetler ve hadisler zahiri manalar\u0131 ile ele al\u0131nsa dahi b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda birebir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00fcretmi\u015ftir. Bunun yeterli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerde de ulema devreye girmi\u015f ve kabullendikleri metodolojiler e\u015fli\u011finde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7ine girmi\u015flerdir. Ehl-i re\u2019y ve ehl-i hadis ayr\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda yatan da ya\u015fanan bu ger\u00e7ekliktir. Ashab-\u0131 re\u2019y de dedi\u011fimiz genelde Hanefiler, Malikiler, Maturidiler, M\u00fctezililerden olu\u015fan ehl-i re\u2019y, makas\u0131du\u2019s-\u015feria ve maslahatu\u2019n nas dedi\u011fimiz \u00e7izgide naslara yakla\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve akl\u0131 daha i\u015flevsel k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, ehl-i hadis grubunda yer alanlar ise zahiri yakla\u015f\u0131mlara a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k vermi\u015flerdir ki yukar\u0131da ifade etti\u011fimiz gibi nasslar ya\u015fan\u0131lan g\u00fcndelik hayatta sorunlara haz\u0131r cevap te\u015fkil etmektedir; ilave aray\u0131\u015flara i\u00e7ine girme beyhudedir.<\/p>\n

Giri\u015f say\u0131labilecek ama mevzunun net bir \u015fekilde anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in zaruri g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz bu k\u0131sa izahlardan sonra hayat\u0131n tabii ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7inde cihat ile alakal\u0131 nazil olan Kur\u2019an ayetlerine bakal\u0131m.<\/p>\n

*Devam edece\u011fim in\u015fallah.<\/p>\n

Kaynak: TR7\/24<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Yorum\u00a0 \u00d6nemli not: Bu yaz\u0131y\u0131 Fransa eski Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Nicolas Sarkozy, \u00fc\u00e7 eski ba\u015fbakan ve Fransa Yahudi ve Hristiyan kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n liderlerinin de yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 300 imzal\u0131 \u201cYahudilerin, H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131n ve kafirlerin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi ve cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\u201d ayetlerinin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da bulunduklar\u0131 bildiri sebebiyle kaleme ald\u0131m. Cihad erken d\u00f6nem \u0130slam tarihinden bu yana tarifi, mahiyeti ve kapsam\u0131 ad\u0131na \u00fczerinde …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4561,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,410],"tags":[1580,1598,1597,1596],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4560"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4560"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4560\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4562,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4560\/revisions\/4562"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4561"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4560"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4560"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.kocar.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4560"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}