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İlk İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi – İrfana Yolculuk
Anasayfa » Bütün Yazılar » İlk İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi

İlk İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi

Hicretin 17. senesinde Halife Hazreti Ömer, ziyaretçi çokluğundan dolayı Resulüllah’ın mescidini genişletmek istemişti. Bunun için Türbe-i Saadet’in etrafındaki arsaları istimlak edip mescide katması gerekiyordu.

Çevredeki arsa ve ev sahiplerine tekliflerde bulundu:
– Evinizi, arsanızı Resulullah’ın mescidini genişletmek için satın almak istiyorum. Kimse malına değerinden aşağısını vereceğimi sanmasın. Herkes kıymetini söylesin, gönlünden geçirdiği fiyatı bildirsin. Resulullah’ın mescidine zorla alınmış arsa ilave etmeyi düşünmüyorum.

Herkes arsa ve evinin değerini söyler, binalar, arsalar satın alınır, Resulullah’ın mescidi genişletilmeye müsait duruma gelir. Ancak bir pürüz var. Onu da halletmek gerekiyor.

– Nedir o pürüz?
Hazreti Abbas. Abbas, arsasını satmak istemiyor. Mescide de olsa vermeyi düşünmüyor.

Halife bizzat meşgul olur, tekliflerini tekrar eder:
“– Ya Abbas, arsanın değerinden aşağısını vermeyi düşünmüyoruz.

Resulullah’ın mescidine böyle zorla alınmış bir arsa ilave etmeyi de uygun bulmuyoruz. Şayet verilen fiyat az geliyorsa emsallerinden de fazla fiyat vereyim, arsanı ver de bu iş bitsin. Mescid-i Nebi ziyaretçileri içine alacak genişliğe ulaşmış olsun, ihtiyacı karşılayacak hale gelsin.

Hayret! Abbas’tan beklenmeyen tavır:
– Hayır, mülk benimse fazla fiyat verseniz de satmak istemiyorum. Zorla alacaksanız o başka!

İçinden çıkılmaz bir durum söz konusu olunca Halife olayı mahkemeye intikal ettirir. Hakim meşhur hukukçu Übey bin Kab.

Taraflar huzurdalar. Devletin iddiası:
– Biz yönetim olarak Abbas’a değerinden fazla fiyat verdik, artık diretmemeli, arsasını vermeli ki, Resulullah’ın mescidi ihtiyacı karşılayacak şekilde genişleme imkanı bulsun.

Abbas’ın cevabı:
– Arsa benimse, mülküme ben sahipsem, değerinden fazla da verseler vermek istemiyorum. Ne para zoruyla, ne de mescide ilave etmek iddiasıyla mülkümü “elimden kimse alamaz.

Mahkemenin kararı:
– İslâm hukukunun gereği kimse başkasının mülkünü ve arazisini isterse para zoruyla olsun, alamaz. Mescid için de olsa mal sahibini zorlayamaz. Abbas’ın mülkü Abbas’ta kalacak, hükümet istimlak için zorlayamayacaktır.

Mahkemenin tartışma götürmez bu kararı kesinleştikten sonra taraflar kalkıp gitmek üzere kapıya yönelmişken bir ses işitilir. Bu ses Abbas’tan başkasının sesi değildir.

Bakın ne diyor Abbas:
– Ya Übey, mahkeme bitmiş, karar kesinleşmiştir değil mi?

– Evet mahkeme bitmiş, karar kesinleşmiştir. Kimse senin arsanı fazla fiyat vererek de olsa zorla alamaz.

– Öyle ise der, şimdi beni dinleyin. Mahkemenize açıkça ifade ediyorum. Arsamı şu andan itibaren Resulullah’ın mecsidine ilhak edilmek üzere hibe ediyorum. Hem de tek kuruş almadan, hiçbir maddi menfaat beklemeden. Hepiniz şahit olun, parayla alınamayan arsam, hiçbir karşılık verilmeden Resulullah’ın mescidine hibe edilmiştir ve mülk bu andan itibaren halifenin tasarrufuna girmiştir.

Übey bin Kab’ın sorusu:
– Ey Abbas, neden böyle bir tutumu tercih ettin? Önce aşırı fiyatla da olsa vermedin, şimdi ise parasız hibe ediyorsun?

Abbas’ın kitaplık çapta cevabı tek cümleden ibaret:

– İslâm’ın insan haklarına gösterdiği saygıyı dünyaya duyurmak için!..

(M.Şibli – Sadr-ı İslam adlı kitaptan)

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