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Sızıntı Başyazıları: Aşk – İrfana Yolculuk
Anasayfa » Bütün Yazılar » Sızıntı Başyazıları: Aşk

Sızıntı Başyazıları: Aşk


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Aşk; şiddetli sevgi, iptilâ, düşkünlük, kemâl, cemâl ve müşâkeleden dolayı duyulan aşırı muhabbettir ki, böylesine, daha ziyade mecâzî aşk denegelmiştir. Bir de, cemâli kemâl noktasında, kemâli cemâl kutbunda o Ezel ve Ebed Sultanı’na karşı duyulan kalbî alâka ve muhabbet vardır ki, işte ona da hakikî aşk demişlerdir.

Allah’a karşı duyulan bu derin muhabbet veya “aşk-ı hakîkî” bizi O’na ulaştırmak için, yine O’nun tarafından bize armağan edilmiş ışıktan bir kanattır. O’na, varlığın esası olan Nûr’a ulaşmak için muvakkaten rûhun kelebekleşmesi de denebilir.

Aşk, varlığın en esaslı ve aynı zamanda da en sırlı sebebidir; Allah, Zâtının bilinmesini sevip istediğinden ve gelecekte gerçeğe uyanık ruhların O’nun esmâ, sıfât ve Zâtına karşı duyup izhâr edecekleri derin alâkadan ötürü mükevvenâtı yaratmıştır. İnsanlarda söz ve ferman dinlememe şeklinde zuhûr eden aşk, Hâlık’ın, acz ve mahlûkata has temâyüllerden münezzehiyetine ve O’nun istiğnâ-i zâtîsine muvafık düşecek şekilde öyle bir muhabbettir ki; hilkat onun bağrında gerçekleşmiş, insanlık onunla gün yüzüne çıkmış, gönüller onunla donanarak Hak’la münasebetin en önemli merkezi hâline gelmiştir.

Aşk, vuslat kademelerinin final noktasıdır; o noktaya ulaşan muhibbin, atacağı bir adım ya kalmıştır veya kalmamıştır… Hakk’ın ilk tecellisi, Zât’ının iktizâsından ibaret olan işte bu muhabbet üstü muhabbettir. Bilâ kayd ü şart, O’na aşk isnadından kaçındığım için bu tâbiri bilhassa kullanıyorum. Bu ilâhî muhabbete ilim diyenler de olmuştur; çünkü o, mutlak ve münezzeh olan Zât âleminin tecelli itibarıyla ilk tenezzülüdür. Bu tenezzüle; Allah ilminden ibaret olması itibarıyla “ilim”, görmek ve görünmek muhabbetinden ötürü “aşk-ı münezzeh”, bütün varlığı ihtivâ etmesi zâviyesinden “levh”, her şeyin tafsilatıyla ele alınması noktasından da “kalem” denir ki, “ceberût” ve “Hakikat-i Ahmediyye” de bu âlemin bir başka unvanıdır. Aşk-ı münezzeh, Hakk’ın Zât’ıyla alâkalı bir sırdır; O’nun diğer sıfatları ise, aşka muzaf’tır. Bundan dolayıdır ki, aşk kanatlarıyla uçanlar, doğrudan doğruya Zât’a ulaşır ve hayrete ererler. Diğerlerinde, eşyâ ve esmâ berzahlarından geçme zarureti vardır.

İnsanı Allah’a ulaştıracak yollar sayılmayacak kadar çoktur.. tasavvuf ve hakikat ilimleri, o yollarda yolcuların zâdı, zahîresi, ışığı, rehberi; tasavvuf kışlaları da, bekleme salonları, sonsuza açılma limanları ve bu uzun yolculukla alâkalı tâlim ve terbiyeyi derpiş eden mekteplerdir.

Mahlûkâtın solukları sayısınca Hakk’a uzanan bu vuslat yollarını iki ana tarîka ircâ edebiliriz:

1) Hak yolcusuna riyâzet; az yeme, az içme, az uyuma, çok tefekkürde bulunma ve gereksiz ihtilâttan sakınma gibi disiplinlerin telkin edildiği yol ki; bazılarının “berzahiyye”, bazılarının da “sofî tarîkatları” dedikleri tasavvuf sistemlerinin çoğu, bu esaslar üzerinde arşiyelerini ikmâl edegelmişlerdir. Bu yolun sâliklerinin en önemli virdleri, “esmâ-i seb’a” denilen “Lâ ilâhe illallah, Allah, Hû, Hak, Hayy, Kayyûm, Kahhâr” gibi mübarek isimlerdir. Bu isimlerle, nefsin yedi mertebesi addedilen, “emmâre, levvâme, mülheme, mutmainne, râdıye, mardıyye, sâfiye veya zekiyye” derecelerinin kat’edilmesi hedeflenir. Bazıları bu isimlere, “Kâdir, Kaviyy, Cebbâr, Mâlik, Vedûd” gibi celâlî isimleri, bazıları da “Ferd, Vâhid, Ehad, Samed” gibi cemâlî isimleri ilâve ederler.

2) Kitap ve Sünnet’e ittibâ üzerinde hassasiyetle durulup evrâd ü ezkârın teşvik edildiği yol ki; bu yolda sülûk edenler, her meselede sünneti tâkib eder ve her işlerini sünnetle irtibatlandırmaya çalışırlar. Hususî birkaç ism-i şerifi vird edinme yerine, Allah Rasûlü’nün ibadet, duâ, zikir, fikir usûlünü araştırır ve Allah’ı bütün esmâsıyla anarlar. Bu yolda yürüyenler kılı kırk yararcasına, şeriat ahkâmına riâyet etmenin yanında, mürşid ve rehberlerine de sımsıkı bağlanır, sonra da kendilerini aşk u cezbenin gel-gitlerine salıverirler. Zaten aşk u cezbe zuhûr ettikten sonra, onların gözlerinde varlık kendine bakan yönleriyle bütün bütün silinir-gider; derken nefis ve enaniyet cihetiyle yokluğa ulaşır; zevken ve şuhûden vahdeti duymaya başlarlar ki, işte bu noktada, bir kere daha temkinle yüz yüze gelir ve sülûklerini tamamlamış olurlar.

Bu yolun en önemli esasları; ibadet, aşk, cezbe, zikrullah ve sohbettir. Buradaki zikrullah, aynı zamanda müşterek mütâlaa, müzâkere ve mübâhaseleri de ihtivâ eder ki sünnet-i sahîha da يَتَدَارَسُونَ بَيْنَهُمْsözüyle[1] bize bunu anlatır.

Gerçek aşkın son sınırlarında dolaşan sâlik, vecd ü cezbe gibi bazen kendini şevk ve iştiyak akıntıları içinde de bulabilir ki, o da aşkın ayrı bir buudu sayılır.

اَللَّهُمَّ إِلَى مَا تُحِبُّ وَتَرْضَى وَصَلِّ وَسَلِّمْ عَلَى سَيِّدِنَا مُحَمَّدٍ الْمُرْتَضَى وَعَلَى آلِهِ وَصَحْبِهِ ذَوِي الْوَفَاءِ

Fethullah Gülen, Sızıntı, Ağustos 1991, Cilt 13, Sayı 151


[1] “Aralarında müzakere ve mütalaa ederler” (Müslim, zikir 11)

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