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Dinî Meselelere Farklı Bir Bakış Açısı Sunuyor – İrfana Yolculuk
Anasayfa » Bütün Yazılar » Dinî Meselelere Farklı Bir Bakış Açısı Sunuyor

Dinî Meselelere Farklı Bir Bakış Açısı Sunuyor

“Makâsıdü’ş-şeria’nın İrşadi Delilleri” isimli dokuz ciltlik geniş eseri (Ed-delil el-irşadi ila maksid eş-şeriatü’l İslamiye) telif ederken Fethullah Gülen Hocaefendi’nin düşüncelerinden, onun eserlerinden istifade ettim.

Ve Hocaefendi’nin makasıdî vizyona ve makasıdî yönelişe sahip olduğunu görme imkânı buldum. Bana sorarsanız Hocaefendi’nin bu yönü bugüne kadar araştırılmadı. Bunun, araştırmacıların eğilmesi gereken önemli konulardan biri olduğunu düşünüyorum. Başka bir deyişle, araştırmacıların Fethullah Gülen’in düşüncelerini, eserlerini Makasıdüş-Şeria açısından ele almaları gerekmektedir. Zira Fethullah Gülen Hocaefendi’nin bu vizyonu, ayeti yorumlamasına yansımakta, hadisi yorumlamasına yansımakta, yaşadığı ve etkileşime girmek istediği çağı yorumlamasına yansımaktadır. Dolayısıyla bu farklı seviyelerde, farklı bakış açılarında, geleneksel yapıdaki âlimlerde görmediğimiz, geniş bir perspektif sunan metodun keşfedilmesi gerektiğini düşünüyorum.

Evet, Fethullah Gülen Hocaefendi’nin zengin dünyasının bu açıdan keşfedilmeye ve araştırılmaya ihtiyacı vardır. Hocaefendi’nin araştırılması gereken bir diğer yönü; onun akaidî perspektifi ve vizyonudur. Fethullah Gülen Hocaefendi’nin itikadi meseleleri algılama şekli mevcut algılardan farklılık arz etmektedir. Geleneksel kelam ilmi yaklaşımlarından farklı bir yaklaşım ve anlayış tarzı geliştirmektedir. İtikadi meseleler yanında fıkhi meselelere de farklı bir yaklaşım getirmiştir. Zira fıkıh ilmi Müslüman’ın fiillerini, günlük hayatındaki ilişkilerini düzenleyen muamelât ile ilgilidir. İşte Fethullah Gülen Hocaefendi’nin metodunda en önemli özellik, akâid ile fıkhın bir bütün olarak ele alınmasıdır.

Buradan hareketle Hocaefendi’ye göre itikadi konularda mesafe kat etmek, fıkhi konularda da o ölçüde mesafe kat etmeyi gerektirir. Ona göre emir ve yasaklar Allah’ın vahdaniyetiyle ilgili itikadi bir mesele olduğu gibi aynı zamanda hür iradesiyle sorumluluk altına girmesi ve mükellef olması açısından ise fıkhi bir konudur. Dini değerler ve kurallar insanların hayatlarında var olduğunda Hocaefendi’ye göre insanların kalplerindeki iman güçlenir. Dolayısıyla itikatla dini kurallar arasındaki ilişki güçlenir. Fethullah Gülen Hocaefendi bunları birbirinden ayırmaz. Yani bütüncül bir bakış açısı vardır. Onun bakış açısında ayrımlar yoktur. Cüzlere ayırmak yoktur. Gerek itikadi, imanî konuları gerekse fıkhi, dini hükümleri bir çerçevede ele alır.

İfade ettiğimiz gibi Fethullah Gülen Hocaefendi’ye göre itikat ile dini hükümler aynı yönde ilerler ve bir bütün olarak ele alınmalıdır. Dolayısıyla itikat ile fıkhi konuları birbirini besleyen, birbirini güçlendiren iki unsur olarak değerlendirir. Çünkü gönüllerde yer etmiş bir imanla insan ibadetlerini yerine getirir ve Allah’a daha fazla yaklaşır, kurbiyet kesbeder. Derin bir imanla Allah’a arz edilen bütün ibadetler gönüllerde bir neşve uyardığı gibi aslında insan ilişkilerinde yani muamelâtta da önemli bir etki oluşturmaktadır. Dolayısıyla Hocaefendi’nin düşüncesinde daireler bir bütünlük arz eder ve hiçbir zaman kesişmez.

Prof. Dr. Muhammed Kemal İmam

İskenderiye Üniversitesi / Mısır

     

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